72 research outputs found
海水富营养化评价方法的研究进展与应用现状
简要概述了海水富营养化的概念及对生态系统的影响。介绍了几类常用的海水富营养化评价方法,包括单因子法、富营养化指数法、水质指数法和营养状态质量法等国内常用的评价方法,以及近年来国际上发展起来的以富营养化症状为考虑因素的第二代海水富营养评价方法,包括综合评价法、河口富营养化评价法和波罗的海行动计划等,第二代方法的评价标准更为细化,对富营养化带来的环境效应也提供一定的判断标准。阐述了现阶段我国海水富营养化评价方法的应用现状,尤其是在近海河口区域针对富营养化程度进行的区域等级划分,旨在提出各种海水富营养化评价方法应用现状和特点,为不同海域在选用富营养化评价方法提供参考。最后,对海水富营养化评价的应用方向提出未来展望,给出水质监测管理以及海洋生态环境灾害预测防御的指导性建议。国家重点研发计划海洋环境安全保障专项“中国近海与太平洋高分辨率生态环境数值预报系统”(编号:2016YFC1401605);;国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目“南海低营养级生态模型营养盐循环过程的数值模拟研究”(编号:41206023)资助~
Effect of Exogenous Nitric Oxide Donor Sodium Nitroprusside on Stomatal Movement in Leaves of Mangrove Plant Aegiceras corniculatum
探索一种用材简单、操作方便、真实性强的观察红树植物桐花树叶片气孔的制片技术,并利用该技术研究不同浓度、不同处理时间的一氧化氮(nO)供体硝普钠(SOdIuM nITrOPruSSIdE,SnP)对桐花树气孔开闭的影响,探讨了nO调控的气孔运动与外源CA2+的关系以及nO与H2O2在调节气孔运动过程中的关系。结果表明:在搅碎法、指甲油印迹法、牛皮胶印迹法三种观察气孔方法中,牛皮胶印迹法是观察气孔开度变化的最佳方法。nO能够诱导桐花树气孔快速关闭,且表现出明显的时间效应与浓度效应。nO导致的气孔关闭与CA2+的参与有密切关系,nO与H2O2存在明显的协同效应,可以促进气孔关闭。The aim of the present paper was to find out a simple and easy-to-go method to observe the stomatal movement of a mangrove plant Aegiceras corniculatum.The new method was used to study the following areas, inculing the effect of exogenous nitric oxide (NO) on the leaf stomatal movement under different concentrations and different treated time, the effect of Ca2+ in the regulation of stomatal movement induced by exogenous NO, the interactional effect between NO and H2O2 in the regulationb of stomatal movement.The results suggested that the oxhide pastern print was the best way to observe stomatal movement of A.corniculatum compared with the blender method and the nail enamel print method.The stomatal closure induced by NO was associated with Ca2+ in dose dependent manner.It was also proved that a rapid stomatal closure could be co-induced by NO and H2O2 in A.corniculatum guard cells.国家自然科学基金项目(30770192;30670317);厦门大学“新世纪优秀人才支持计划”项目(X07115);湖北民族学院博士启动基金项
Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Ethanol on Pt/nanoTiO_2-CNT Complex Catalysts
通过前驱体Ti(OEt)4直接水解和电化学扫描电沉积法制备在Ti基体上的纳米TiO2-碳纳米管复合膜载Pt(Pt/nanoTiO2-CNT)复合催化剂.透射电镜(TEM)和X射线衍射(XRD)结果表明,锐钛矿型纳米TiO2粒子和Pt纳米粒子(粒径均为5~10nm)均匀地分散在碳纳米管表面.通过循环伏安和计时电流法研究表明,Pt/nanoTiO2-CNT复合催化剂(Pt载量为0.32mg·cm-2)具有高达51.8m2·g-1的电化学活性比表面积,常温常压下对乙醇的电化学氧化具有高催化活性和稳定性,乙醇氧化峰电位分别为0.59、0.96和0.24V,氧化峰电流密度分别达到-115、-113和-75mA·cm-2.复合催化剂对乙醇电氧化的高催化活性可归因于nanoTiO2、CNT和Pt纳米粒子的协同催化作用.Pt/nanoTiO2-CNT complex catalysts were prepared by direct hydrolysis of Ti(OEt)4 and electrochemical scan electrodepositing method. The results of XRD and SEM showed that the nanoTiO2 (anatase) and Pt nanoparticles (size about 5~10 nm) were dispersed uniformly on CNT film surface. The electrocatalytic activity of Pt/nanoTiO2-CNT electrode was investigated by cyclic voltammetry and chronopotentiogram. The results indicated that Pt/nanoTiO2-CNT electrode (Pt loading was 0.32 mg·cm-2) exhibited high electrochemical activity surface area (51.8 m2·g-1) and very high electrocatalytic activity and stability for the electro-oxidation of ethanol at room temperature in atmosphere pressure. The oxidation peak potentials of ethanol were 0.59, 0.96, and 0.24 V, and the corresponding oxidation peak current sdensities were -115, -113, and -75 mA·cm-2. The high electrocatalytic activity and good stability can be attributed to the synergistic catalytic effect among nanocomposite.国家自然科学基金(20476001);; 安徽省自然科学基金(00045317)资助项
Effects of Heavy Metal and Pollutants on the Non-special Immunity of the Shrimp and Crab
综述了近10a国内外有关重金属、氨态氮、亚硝酸盐、有机污染物等几种环境因子对虾蟹类非特异性免疫影响的研究成果,以期为通过改善养殖环境条件提高虾蟹类自身免疫抗病力提供理论依据。同时,为进一步深入开展该领域的研究工作积累资料。This paper attempted to review and evaluate existing information about the effects of heavy metal,ammonia-N,nitrite and the organic pollutants on the non-special immune response of the shrimp and crab,which providing theory for improving the self-immunity of shrimp and crab by meliorating cultural environment. In addition,it could provide information for further study on this field
环孢素治疗中重度干眼症的对照研究
【目的】观察0.2%(2g/L)环孢素滴眼液对中重度干眼症的效果。【方法】将中重度干眼症134例随机分为对照组(65例)和实验组(69例)。对照组应用10g/L羧甲基纤维素钠,4次/d,实验组应用10g/L羧甲基纤维素钠和2g/L环孢素滴眼液,4次/d。两组均连续用药1个月。用药前后均进行荧光素染色检查、泪液分泌检查(STT)、泪膜破裂时间检测(BUT)、结膜印迹细胞检查。【结果】两组比较在治疗前差异无统计学意义(P〉0.05),治疗后实验组SIT、BUT比对照组的结果有统计学意义(P〈0.01),实验组治疗前后结果比较有统计学意义(P〈0.01)。对照组的治疗前后比较差异无统计学意义(P〉0.05)。【结论】2g/L环孢素滴眼液治疗中重度干眼确有良好的效果
实时荧光PCR同时检测金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌O157:H7
目的建立改良分子信标-双重实时荧光PCR同时检测金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌O157:H7,应用于细菌性食物中毒的快速诊断。方法根据GeneBank公布的金黄色葡萄球菌nuc基因序列和大肠杆菌O157:H7rfbE基因序列,设计引物和改良分子信标探针,建立改良分子信标-双重实时PCR检测体系。结果双重荧光PCR反应体系检测151株金黄色葡萄球菌和27株大肠杆菌O157:H7,均出现特异的荧光信号,两种细菌检测互不干扰。对8762份大便、食品等标本进行检测,315份标本金黄色葡萄球菌实时荧光PCR阳性,其中286份金黄色葡萄球菌培养阳性;31份标本大肠杆菌O157:H7实时荧光PCR阳性,其中26份大肠杆菌O157:H7培养阳性。从样品处理到检测结果仅需要时间2h~1d。结论改良分子信标-多重实时荧光PCR检测体系快速、灵敏度高,特异性强,可用于金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌O157:H7食物中毒的快速诊断和肠道传染病的初筛,为食源性疾病的分子流行病学调查提供新的检测手段
48例原因不明矮身材儿童临床特征和致病基因分析
目的总结原因不明矮身材儿童的临床特征并探讨其致病基因,为临床精准诊疗提供依据。方法收集我院儿科内分泌专科2018年1月至2022年8月就诊的未能明确诊断的矮身材儿童临床表现、实验室检查及全外显子组测序(WES)结果进行回顾性分析,根据不同作用机制对致病基因进行归纳总结。结果纳入患儿48例(男性30例,女性18例),年龄(7.73±3.97)岁,身高标准差分值为-3.63±1.67;临床表现:特殊面容33例(68.8%),体型或骨骼系统异常31例(64.6%),围产期异常26例(54.2%,其中61.5%为小于胎龄儿),内分泌系统异常24例(50.0%,其中87.5%生长激素(GH)峰值低于正常),矮身材家族史21例(43.8%);实验室检查:GH激发试验峰值(9.72±7.25)ng/mL,IGF-1 标准差分值为-0.82±1.42,骨龄与年龄差值(-0.93±1.39)岁;WES共发现相关基因变异者25例,其中14例(56.0%)为致病变异,6例(24.0%)为可能致病变异,5例(20.0%)为意义未明变异;评价为致病及可能致病变异的基因共14个,其中影响细胞内信号通路10个(PTPN11、RAF1、RIT1、ARID1B、ANKRD11、CSNK2A1、SRCAP、CUL7、SMAD4和FAM111A),影响细胞外基质(ECM)4个(ACAN、FBN1、COL10A1和COMP)。结论临床上表现为严重矮身材伴特殊面容、非匀称体型、骨骼系统异常、小于胎龄儿、GH峰值低于正常和矮身材家族史等特征的儿童,其病因需考虑罕见单基因疾病的可能,WES是提高单基因性矮小症诊断效能的重要手段。本组患儿致病基因中,主要致病机制是影响细胞内信号通路和ECM组分或功能,进一步研究有助于发现和研究新的矮小症致病变异和基因功能
Electrocatalytic oxidation of ethanol on Pt/nanoTiO(2)-CNT complex catalysts
Pt/nanoTiO(2)-CNT complex catalysts were prepared by direct hydrolysis of Ti(OEt)(4) and electrochemical scan electrodepositing method. The results of XRD and SEM showed that the nanoTiO(2) (anatase) and Pt nanoparticles (size about 5 similar to 10 nm) were dispersed uniformly on CNT film surface. The electrocatalytic activity of Pt/nanoTiO(2)-CNT electrode was investigated by cyclic voltammetry and chronopotentiogram. The results indicated that Pt/nanoTiO(2)- CNT electrode (Pt loading was 0.32 mg . cm(-2)) exhibited high electrochemical activity surface area (51.8 m2. g(-1)) and very high electrocatalytic activity and stability for the electro-oxidation of ethanol at room temperature in atmosphere pressure. The oxidation peak potentials of ethanol were 0.59, 0.96, and 0.24 V, and the corresponding oxidation peak current sdensities were - 115, -113, and -75 mA . cm(-2). The high electrocatalytic activity and good stability can be attributed to the synergistic catalytic effect among nanocomposite
中国海洋生物研究70年
随着中国"海洋强国"战略的提出,加快建设海洋类学科的发展成为历史必然,海洋生物是海洋不可分割的一部分,海洋环境和生物相互依存,相互作用,海洋生物研究重要性日益凸显。为纪念中国科学家在海洋生物领域的突出贡献,本文回顾了建国以来中国海洋生物相关的重要研究进展,梳理了中国科学家在海洋生物领域的突出贡献,系统总结并讨论了未来研究方向,抛砖引玉,希望籍此助推中国海洋生物研究的新高潮。国家自然科学基金项目(41876134,41876171)中国大洋矿产资源研究开发协会专项项目(DY135-E2-5-03)教育部长江学者特聘教授项目(T2014253
The effects of chronic forced swimming stress on emotion and brain phospho-extraceHular signalregulated kinases in rats
目的探讨慢性强迫游泳应激对大鼠情绪和脑细胞外信号调节激酶磷酸化(P-ERK1/2)水平的影响。方法将30只SD雄性大鼠随机分为游泳应激组、装置对照组和空白对照组,每组10只。游泳应激组每天接受5min的游泳应激,装置对照组每天接受5min的新异场景应激,均连续14 d,空白对照组不进行任何干预,然后观察大鼠行为(体质量增长量、旷场测验和糖精水溶液偏好测验)。采用免疫印迹法测定大鼠海马和前额叶皮质的P-ERK1/2。结果(1)游泳应激组在应激7d&hellip
- …