雷公藤胃漂浮缓释片的制备和质量评价

目的研制雷公藤胃漂浮缓释片,考察其漂浮和释药性能。方法采用粉末直接压片法制备雷公藤胃漂浮缓释片,以漂浮性能、雷公藤总二萜内酯的释放度为考察指标,进行处方筛选,并采用正交设计实验对处方进行优化。结果以羟丙基甲基纤维素(HPMCK4M)为骨架材料,十六醇为助漂剂,碳酸氢钠为产气剂,聚维酮为致孔剂,制备了一天给药两次的胃内漂浮型缓释片。该制剂在人工胃液中立即起漂,2h释放约30%,6h释放约60%,12h释放90%以上,满足12h释放要求,体外释药规律符合Higuchi方程,说明本缓释片属于药物扩散和骨架溶蚀混合控释机制。结论研制的雷公藤胃漂浮缓释片具有良好的漂浮性能和释药特性

Effect of colonial breeding of Chinese Egret(Egretta eulophotes) on the heavy metal accumulation in heronry soil

本研究采用电感耦合等离子质谱(ICP-MS)方法,测定福建漳浦菜屿岛黄嘴白鹭(EgrETTAEulOPHOTES)排泄物的重金属元素(V、Cr、Mn、nI、Cu、zn、Cd、SE、Pb)及半金属元素(AS)的含量,分析比较黄嘴白鹭繁殖之前和繁殖之后的集群营巢地、非营巢地的表层土壤的重金属元素及半金属元素含量的变化。结果显示:在本次测定的所有排泄物和土壤样本中均未检出元素SE和Cd;非营巢地土壤中各元素的含量在繁殖前后都没有显著差异(P>0.05),营巢地土壤中的zn和Pb元素的含量在繁殖前后有极显著差异(P 0.05),but the differences in concentrations of Zn and Pb in the nesting soil were highly significant before and after breeding(p < 0.01).A comparison of the concentrations of the elements in the nesting and non-nesting soils also reveals that before breeding,the concentration of Zn in these two soils were significantly different(p < 0.01).After breeding,concentrations of Cu,Zn,As and Pb in the nesting and non-nesting soil were significantly different(p < 0.01) while V and Ni concentrations showed merely significant differences(p < 0.05).These findings indicate that the colonial breeding activities of E.eulophotes play an important role in the transfer of heavy metals between wetland and island eco-systems and that such activities may,over time,result in heavy metal contamination of the heronry soil on the island.supportedbytheNationalNaturalScienceFoundationofChina(GrantNos.40876077;30970380);theFujianNaturalScienceFoundationofChina(2008S0007;2009J01195

ADVANCES IN CHROMASOME RESEARCH IN MARINE ZOOPLANKTON IN CHINA

国家自然科学基础研究重大项目G1999043708

三维CT影像资料测量国人心尖区心肌变薄的解剖学验证

背景:在常规心脏三维CT成像检查中可见国人心脏心尖部心肌存在变薄的影像改变,但未见文献报道。认识该影像征象的相关解剖及影像特征,可为临床相关学科的应用及研究提供客观基础。目的:确定国人心尖区心肌最薄点的存在,测量其厚度及位置关系。方法:解剖学观察12个体外心脏标本并利用游标卡尺测量心尖部最薄点厚度及左室心肌最厚处的厚度。选取2009-01/12在厦门大学附属中山医院CT室进行检查的69例无明确心脏疾患患者的三维CT资料,利用三维成像技术显示心尖部结构。测量心尖最薄点、左室心肌最厚处的厚度及心尖最薄点至冠状动脉前降支的距离。结果与结论:解剖学观察显示体外心脏标本心尖部存在心肌变薄区,厚度为(1.74±0.32)mm,左室心肌最厚处为(13.07±1.48)mm;三维CT可清楚显示心尖部心肌最薄区,厚度为(1.27±0.31)mm,左室心肌最厚处为(12.02±1.66)mm;心尖部最薄点到左冠状动脉前降支的距离为(13.70±3.78)mm。统计结果显示解剖学心尖部最薄点厚度与三维CT测量值差异有显著性意义(P<0.05)。结果证实国人心尖区心肌变薄是一种正常解剖结构,标本解剖学及活体三维CT影像学均可清楚显示

The Acetylation of Thymosin α1 is Independent on RimL in Escherichia coli

目的:考察大肠杆菌乙酰转移酶rIMl对胸腺素α1(Tα1)乙酰化修饰的影响。方法:构建含500bP同源臂的卡那抗性基因打靶片段,利用rEd同源重组系统,使大肠杆菌bl21(dE3)的rIMl基因插入失活,随后导入质粒PCP20去除抗性基因,构建突变菌株rIMl-bl21(dE3);将重组质粒PET-Tα1-l12分别转入出发菌株和突变菌株中进行表达,经固定金属离子亲和层析和反向高效液相层析后,将所得纯品进行质谱分析,精确测定相对分子质量。结果:PCr鉴定结果证明成功敲除rIMl基因;质谱结果表明,rIMl基因敲除菌中所表达的Tα1-l12融合蛋白与出发菌株一样,均有部分乙酰化修饰。结论:Tα1的乙酰化修饰并不依赖于rIMl。Objective:To investigate the effect of RimL,a N-terminal acetyltransferase of E.coli,on thymosin α1(Tα1) acetylation.Methods:A kanamycin cassette with two 500 bp long arms homologous to the regions around rimL as the replacement fragment was electroporated into cells,in which the Red recombinant functions was induced.Subsequently,the plasmid pCP20 was transformed to eliminate the kanamycin resistant gene.The plasmid pET-Tα1-L12 was transformed into the original and mutant strains respectively.The expressed fusion protein Tα1-L12 was purified by IMAC and RP-HPLC.The accurate molecular weight of the fusion protein was measured by Q-Tof-MS.Results:The gene rimL was inactivated by insertion of the replacement fragment successfully.According to the MS results,the fusion protein Tα1-L12 was still partly acetylated when it was expressed in the mutant strains as in the original strains.Conclusion:Tα1 acetylation was independent on RimL

Comparison of efficacy between mPCNL with holmium laser and EMS standard tract PCNL in the treatment of complex renal calculi under ultrasound guidance

目的比较b超引导下微通道经皮肾镜钬激光碎石术(MPCnl)与标准通道经皮肾镜气压弹道联合超声碎石术(标准通道PCnl)治疗复杂性肾结石的临床疗效。方法对78例复杂性肾结石患者分别行MPCnl(35例)和标准通道PCnl(43例)治疗,术后对2组患者的手术时间、一期结石清除率和手术并发症等指标进行比较分析。结果 2组患者分别成功建立16f和24f经皮肾通道并一期行碎石术。MPCnl组手术时间明显长于标准通道PCnl组;一期结石清除率MPCnl组低于标准通道PCnl组,差异均具有统计学意义(P均38.5℃1例。2组并发症差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 b超引导下MPCnl与标准通道PCnl治疗复杂性肾结石安全有效、并发症发生率低,标准通道PCnl联合应用EMS第4代气压弹道联合超声碎石清石系统碎石清石效率高,较MPCnl钬激光碎石明显有优势,值得推广。Objective To compare the outcomes of the surgical treatment of complex renal calculi with minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy(mPCNL) and EMS percutaneous nephrolithotomy(standard tract PCNL) under ultrasound guidance.Methods A total of 78 patients with complex renal calculi were allocated to either mPCNL treatment group(mPCNL group,n=35) or EMS(swiss,the fourth generation) standard tract PCNL treatment group(standard tract PCNL group,n=43).The operative time,primary stone-free rate and operative complications in the two groups were compared.Results 16F and 24F percutaneous renal accesses were successfully established in mPCNL group and standard tract PCNL group respectively,and then the first lithotrity-lithiasis cleaning procedure was performed.The operation time in mPCNL group was longer than that in the standard tract PCNL group 〔(102±31) min vs(67±22) min,P38.5 ℃ occurred in one case of mPCNL group.There was no significant difference in operative complications in two groups(P>0.05).Conclusions Both the treatments of complex renal calculi with mPCNL and EMS(the fourth generation) standard tract PCNL under ultrasound guidance are similarly safe,but the standard tract PCNL has the superiority of higher primary stone-free rate and shorter operation time over the holmium Laser mPCNL.Therefore the standard tract PCNL merits propagation for treating complex renal calculi

Enhanced bioconversion of hydrogen and carbon dioxide to methane using a micro-nano sparger system: mass balance and energy consumption

Simultaneous CO2 removal with renewable biofuel production can be achieved by methanogens through conversion of CO2 and H2 into CH4. However, the low gas–liquid mass transfer (kLa) of H2 limits the commercial application of this bioconversion. This study tested and compared the gas–liquid mass transfer of H2 by using two stirred tank reactors (STRs) equipped with a micro-nano sparger (MNS) and common micro sparger (CMS), respectively. MNS was found to display superiority to CMS in methane production with the maximum methane evolution rate (MER) of 171.40 mmol/LR/d and 136.10 mmol/LR/d, along with a specific biomass growth rate of 0.15 d−1 and 0.09 d−1, respectively. Energy analysis indicated that the energy-productivity ratio for MNS was higher than that for CMS. This work suggests that MNS can be used as an applicable resolution to the limited kLa of H2 and thus enhance the bioconversion of H2 and CO2 to CH4

Effects of nanobubble water on the growth of Lactobacillus acidophilus 1028 and its lactic acid production

Nanobubble water (NBW) has been applied in various fields due to the unique properties of nanobubbles (NBs) including long-term stability, negative zeta potential and generation of free radicals. In this study, the performance of four kinds of NBW from different gases (air, N2, H2, and CO2) in addition to deionized water (DW) were investigated and compared in terms of the growth of the probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus 1028. The NB density, size distribution, zeta potential, pH and dissolved oxygen (DO) of the NBW were firstly investigated. Results indicate that N2-NBW had the highest absolute value of zeta potential and NB density (−25.3 ± 5.43 mV and 5.73 ± 1.0 × 107 particles per mL, respectively), while the lowest was detected in CO2-NBW (−6.96 ± 2.36 mV and 3.39 ± 1.73 × 107 particles per mL, respectively). With the exception of CO2-NBW, all the other types of NBW showed promotion effects on the growth of the strain at the lag and logarithmic phases. Among them, N2-NBW demonstrated the best performance, achieving the highest increase ratio of 51.1% after 6 h cultivation. The kinetic models (Logistic and Gompertz) indicate that the culture with N2-NBW had the shortest lag phase and the maximum specific growth rate when compared to the H2-NBW and DW groups under the same cultivation conditions. Preliminary analysis on the mechanisms suggested that these effects were related to the properties (zeta potential and density) of the NBs, which might affect the transport of substances. This study suggests that NBW has the potential for promoting the production efficiency of probiotics via fermentation