Mechanical Product Multi-level Conceptual Design Driven by Generalized Performance

概念设计是机械产品设计过程的起始阶段，对产品全生命周期后续阶段的顺利开展具有重要影响，同时也存在巨大的风险。如何保证概念设计紧密围绕设计目标开展是现有研发人员亟需解决的问题。为此，本文提出广义性能驱动机械产品多层次概念设计方法，以功能、质量及约束作为设计过程驱动因素，以社会性能、技术性能及经济性能作为设计方案输出指标，分别结合实际案例对本文提出的方法、理论及技术进行验证。 本文研究内容包含以下几个方面： (1)分析广义性能组成元素并对其概念进行严格定义；在构建机械产品设计演化模型基础上，分析概念设计过程各个阶段功能、质量、约束等元素的演变情况；对设计信息进行分类，确定设计过程不同演化阶段所...As the initial and most important stage of design process for mechanical products, conceptual design has a substantial influence on the smooth implementation of other stages in the product lifecycle. Meanwhile, there are more risks in conceptual design stage compared to other stages and how to ensure that conceptual design is carried out closely around design goal is one of the issues the existing...学位：工学博士院系专业：物理与机电工程学院_机械电子工程学号：1992010015399

Dynamical model of idler and simulation of wheel's falling-off for triangular tracked

为解决三角履带脱轮问题,将动力学仿真技术应用到设计中。结合诱导轮、张紧装置、支撑轮、驱动轮等部件的结构,分析了其受力情况,并建立了一类诱导轮张紧装置的动力学模型;同时利用多体动力学软件rECurdyn建立了三角履带车辆的模型,研究了其诱导轮张紧装置的预紧力参数变化对履带张紧力和前端支撑轮垂向位移的影响规律。研究结果表明:适当地增加车辆三角履带张紧装置的压力能够有效地减少支撑轮的垂向位移;计算结果与仿真值的比较结果显示两者基本吻合,说明了该仿真模型的合理性,这为三角履带详细设计阶段各参数的获取提供了参考。Aiming at the problem of wheel's falling-off for triangular tracked,dynamics simulation technology was investigated.After the analysis of the stress based on the structure of idler,tension device,supporting the wheel and so on,the tension device's dynamic model of idler was established.By using mutibody dynamic software-RecurDyn,the model of triangular track vehicle was developed.Dynamics simulation was established,the influence to tension of the track and the vertical deviation of the anterior supporting wheel through changing the preload parameter of the idler's tension device was analyzed.The results show that the vertical deviation of supporting wheel is reduced effectively by increasing prestressing force suitably.The calculated results are compared with the simulation value,which shows they are reasonable.The results can be used as a reference for optimum of the design phase.国家科技部创新方法工作专项资助项目(2011IM020400); 福建省高校产学合作科技重大资助项目(2011H6024

Food source and feeding habit of Helice tientsinensis from the common reed vegetation in high marsh of Yellow River Delta,China

Investigating the composition of food sources with stable isotope method can provide direct evidence for the top-down control in the coastal wetland.In this study,we examined food source and feeding habit of Helice tientsinensis of common reed (Phragmites australis) vegetation in high marsh of Yellow River Delta.The results showed that the density of crab was (5.5 1.5) ind&middot;m~(-2),with the behavior of climbing P.australis to feed on the leaves at night.Under the same indoor experimental condition,H.tientsinensis showed feeding preference on fresh leaves of P.australis.The stable isotope food source analysis showed that the leaves of P.australis were one of the important food sources of H.tientsinensis in the field.There were temporal variations in the proportion of fresh leaves [May:(6.44.9) %,July:(5.84.9) %,September:(12.58.8) %] and dead leaves [May:(12.47.8) %,July:(15.59.9) %,September:(15.19.4) %].Therefore,H.tientsinensis could inhibit P.australis&#39;s growth and affect litter decomposition through feeding disturbance behavior.</p

Research on the Evolution & Innovation for Modular Product Family

针对当前产品族动态演进机制和系统化创新方法研究的不足,提出模块化产品族在技术层次上的创新演进方法。通过构建产品族的需求—功能—技术(rEQuIrEMEnT-funCTIOn-TECHnOlOgy,r-f-T)映射关系模型,分析当前模块化产品族的技术状况,并通过gM(1,1)模型预测模块化产品族的未来技术重要度情况;在企业内部数据的支持下,通过对模块化产品族初始问题的分析,集成应用创新思维通用理论和传统TrIz(OTSM–TrIz)的问题流网络(PrOblEM flOW nETWOrk,Pfn)技术识别并解决产品族中多个冲突问题;在技术重要度预测和新功能模块—技术关联矩阵(funCTIOn MOdulE-TECHnICAl MATrIX,fMTM)的基础上,以平台比率为依据,通过计算概念化产品族中功能模块的多样性程度,获得概念化产品族规划方案。对小型轮式装载机产品族进行了实例分析,并验证了该方法的有效性。Focusing on the shortage of dynamic evolutionary mechanism and systematic innovation methods of current product family,an innovative and evolutional method at the technical level of modular product family is put forward.The current technical condition of the modular product family is analyzed by constructing requirement-function-technology(R-F-T) mapping model of product family,and the importance of future technology of modular product family is predicted by GM(1,1) model.The multiple conflicts of product family is identified and resolved using PFN technology in the OTSM –TRIZ process,through the analysis of the initial problem of modular product family in support of enterprise data.Moreover,based on prediction of technology importance and the new function module-technical matrix(FMTM),the conceptual planning of product family is obtained by calculating the diversity of function modules of conceptual product family according to platform ratio.An analysis example of product family of small wheel loader show the effectiveness of the method.国家自然科学基金(70772093;71172055);科技部创新方法工作专项(2011M020400);国家科技支撑计划(2011BAF11B00-01);福建省科技重大(2011H6024)资助项

脂多糖激活所致大鼠抑郁样行为及对海马神经细胞钾电流变化的影响

采用细胞因子刺激剂脂多糖(lipopolysaccharide,LPS)为免疫激活手段,研究LPS诱导的免疫激活产生的抑郁样行为及对海马神经细胞电压依赖钾电流变化的影响。应用膜片钳技术对海马神经细胞钾电流进行全细胞记录,比较抑郁样行为大鼠与正常大鼠钾离子通道电流密度和激活特性的变化。结果发现,与生理盐水对照组相比,一次LPS注射后2hr,实验组动物产生抑郁样行为,同时急性观察的海马神经细胞的钾离子通道的电流密度呈现显著升高(p<0.01);而一次LPS注射后24hr,动物的抑郁样行为消失,且急性观察的海马神经细胞的钾离子通道与对照组相比较,其电流密度和激活曲线没有显著性变化。结论:LPS诱导的抑郁样行为,与LPS诱导的海马神经细胞电压依赖钾电流的上调在时程上同步,提示钾离子通道可能参与免疫激活所致的抑郁样行为

Species diversity in mangrove wetlands of China and its causation analyses

作者简介: 何斌源( 1969 ~ ), 男, 广西东兴市人, 博士生, 主要从事海洋生态学研究. E-mail: [email protected] * 通讯作者Corresponding author. E-mai:l [email protected][中文文摘]目前中国红树林湿地共记录了2854种生物,包括真菌136种、放线菌13种、细菌7种、小型藻类441种、大型藻类55种、维管束植物37种、浮游动物109种、底栖动物873种、游泳动物258种、昆虫434种、蜘蛛31种、两栖类13种、爬行类39种、鸟类421种和兽类28种。这些动物中有8种国家一级保护动物,75种二级保护动物。中国红树林湿地是中国濒危生物保存和发展的重要基地,并在跨国鸟类保护中起着重要作用。中国红树林湿地单位面积的物种丰度是海洋平均水平的1766倍。从初级生产物质基础、食物关系多样性、宏观尺度和微观尺度的空间异质性、生境利用的时序性等方面分析了中国红树林湿地物种多样性极其丰富的原因。 [英文文摘]To date,total of 2854 species of organisms were recorded in Chinese mangrove wetlands,including 136 species of fungi,13 species of actinobacteria,7 species of bacteria,441 species of microalgae,55 species of macroalgae,37 species of vascular plants,109 species of zooplankton,873 species of macrobenthos,258 species of nektons,434 species of insects,31 species of spiders,13 species of amphibians,39 species of reptiles,421 species of birds and 28 species of mammals.Among them,8 species belonged to the category 1 of Chinese national protected animals and 75 species belonged to the category 2.Chinese mangrove wetlands are very important bases for the conservation and development of the endangered species to China,and playing a critical role in the international activities for protecting the migrating birds.The species abundance in Chinese mangrove wetlands was 1766 times as much as that for the averaged species abundance in Chinese sea fields.The prolific species diversity in Chinese mangrove wetlands can be attributed to their high primary productivity,high diversity in their consumers’ food preferences,high spatial heterogeneity at macroscopical and microscopic scale levels,and their dynamic temporal sequence in habitat utilization.国家自然科学基金资助项目(40676050);联合国环境规划署(UNEP)全球环境基金(GEF)资助项目;广西科学基金资助项目(0640014

Comparative studies on carbon storage and litterfall dynamics between secondary and primary mangrove communities in Zhanjiang,Guangdong Provinces,China

通过群落调查、异速生长法计算以及样品测定,分别对2010~2011年期间广东湛江高桥红树林生态系统中次生桐花树和原生木榄群落的植物和土壤储量进行了计算,并利用掉落物收集筐对掉落物动态进行了比较研究。研究结果表明,高桥桐花树与木榄群落的植物碳库(以C计,下同)分别为(51.16±12.06)x106g/HM2和(38.52±6.94)x106g/HM2,地上部分明显高于地下部分;土壤碳库分别为(111.86±7.96)x106g/HM2和(106.13±11.12)x106g/HM2,明显高于植物碳库;次生与原生红树林群落的总碳库没有差异(P>0.05)。桐花树和木榄群落的年均掉落物产量分别为556.00 g/M2和971.13 g/M2,均以凋落叶居多,但原生木榄群落的掉落物产量明显高于次生桐花树群落(P 0.05).The mean annual litterfall production for the B.gymnorrhiza community was 971.13 g DW / m2,significantly higher than that of the A.corniculatum community( 556.00 g / m2,P < 0.001).In conclusion,the carbon pools in the secondary A.corniculatum community were comparable with those for the primary B.gymnorrhiza community,but much lower than those for the primary mangrove communities in the tropical regions.国家自然科学基金重点项目(30930017); 国家海洋公益性行业科研专项经费项目(200905009;201305021

STUDY ON THE PROCESS of COPPER ELECTRODEPOSITION ON PLATINUM (111)

采用0.001MOl/lCuSO4＋0.5MOl/lH2SO4溶液体系，在PT单晶球电极作循环伏安曲线，得到Cu存在欠电位沉积和本体沉积两个阶段，利用电化学扫描隧道显微镜观察到在欠电位下Cu在PT（111）面上为单层平面生长，本体沉积为三维岛状生长，并随过电位升高，Cu的成核数目增加.用反射电子显微镜法也观察到高过电位时在PT（111）面上的岛状铜.证实了Cu在PT（111）面上的STrAnSkI—krASTAnOV生长机理C-V curves of copper electrodeposition on Pt(111) showed that there were two stages of underpotential and bulk deposition For copper electrodeposition process.Single layer growth at underpotential deposition and three dimensional nucleation growth at bulk deposition had been in situ observed by electrochemical scanning tunneling microscopy (ECSTM) at diFFerent potentials and times.The reFlection electron microscopy (REM) images also revealed three dimensional growth of Cu deposition at high overpotential.All of these results demonstrated Stranski-Krastanov growth mechanism of copper on Pt(111).国家自然科学基金!59471060;厦门大学固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室、中国科学院原子核分析研究室资

Effect of Different Concentrations of NaCl and Light Intensities on β-carotene Content in Dunalie

以2种杜氏藻即巴氏杜氏藻和盐生杜氏藻为实验材料,在不同NaCl胁迫和光照(紫外线和高光照强度)进行培养的结果表明,细胞生长的最适盐度是2.0mol·L-1,高产β-胡萝卜素的最适盐度是3.5mol·L-1;紫外线下诱导的藻株环境适应能力较强,β-胡萝卜素含量较高;高光照强度(1080μmol·m-2·s-1)下诱导的杜氏藻β-胡萝卜素含量高;二步法培养的β-胡萝卜素含量比正常培养的提高2倍以上。福建省科技计划重点项目(2003N053

ANALYSES ON LDH ISOENZYME AND PROTEIN FROM BOTH GUANGDONG STRAIN AND FUJIAN STRAIN OF ECHINOCHASMUS FUJIANENSIS

目的　探讨福建与广东两地福建棘隙吸虫生化特点。方法　用不连续聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳及薄层等电聚焦电泳等进行比较分析虫体乳酸脱氢酶 (LDH)同工酶和蛋白质。结果　福建与广东两地虫株都有 5种LDH同工酶 ,其中LDH1、LDH4 和LDH5的迁移率相同 ;蛋白质电泳都分离出 9条区带 ,其中有 7条带的等电点相同。但在LDH2 和LDH3 的迁移率 ,蛋白质区带的相对含量 ,同工酶的总活力与比活力 ,以及A和B亚基的含量等存在差异。结论　LDH同工酶与蛋白质的某些差异 ,可归因为基因型相似条件下所出现两地虫株生化遗传上差异Aim\ Inguired into the biochemical characteristrics of Echinochasmus fujianensis found in Fujian and Guangdong provinces. Methods\ Compared and analysed two strains by LDH isoenzyme eletrophoresis, discontinuous PAGE and thinlayer isoelectric equilibrium PAGE.Results\ Two strains both had five LDH isoenzyme, among them, LDH\-1、LDH\-4 and LDH\-5 had the same mobilities. There were nine bands in protein electrophoresis. Seven bands had the same isoelectric point.But there were differences in the mobilities of LDH\-2 and LDH\-3,the comparative amount of protein bands, total and specific activity of isoenzyme and the amount of A and B subunit. Conclusion Under the similar condition of genotypes, the differences of the biochemical inheritance can be contributed to the differences of LDH isoenzyme and protein.福建省科技计划基金资助项目!(No.98-Z-156);; 福建省“百千万人才”人选培养资金资助项