2015年「両会」に関するニュースの中日翻訳分析の 実践報告 ―新華網を例として

“两会”作为我国最重要的政治会议之一，它的每一次召开都受到全国以及全世界人民的关注。而新华网作为新华社主办的综合新闻网站，每年都会对两会做相关的报道，无论是在国内还是国际都具有影响力。 新华网的日语版作为一个对外传播的网络平台于2010年12月30日正式上线。新华网日语版以加强两国人民友好往来，推进两国经济贸易、科技、等领域合作为目标，主要面向日本以及全世界的日语受众，报道中日友好交往以及中日政治、经济、文化、等领域的新闻，同时也提供经贸、留学和环保方面的服务信息。本篇实践报告选取的是新华网日语版“中日对译”专栏里的“两会”相关文章做中译日的翻译实践与分析。本篇实践报告在诺德的功能翻译理论指...「両会」はわが国最も重要な政治会議のひとつとして、開かれる度に全国及び全世界の注目を集める。ところで、新華網は新華社主催の総合的なニュース・インフォメーションのサイトとして、毎年、「両会」に関することを報道する。国内でも国際でも新華網は影響力があるということである。 本報告は新華網日本語版の「中日対訳」における「両会」に関係がある文章を対象として中国語を日本語に翻訳する実践を検討・分析する。ノードの機能翻訳論を末に、「文外要素」と「文内要素」の角度からテキストを分析する。また翻訳の中に出られる問題を確認し、翻訳の策略をまとめ、順訳、逆訳、分訳などの翻訳方法によってテキストを翻訳する。 今回の翻訳実践を通して、筆者はニュース翻訳により深い理解ができた。本報告のまとめの部分で、言語知識・翻訳技巧・翻訳者の主体性の三つの点から今回のニュ...学位：翻译硕士院系专业：外文学院_翻译硕士学号：1222013115272

TGF-β1 induces activation of HSC-T6 cells and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in rats

目的探讨转化生长因子-β1（TGF-β1）在大鼠肝星状细胞系（HSC-T6）活化及上皮间质转换（EMT）中的作用。方法体外培养HSC-T6，用MTT法筛选TGF-β1对HSC-T6作用的最佳浓度；用10μg／L TGF-β1处理HSC-T624h，相差倒置显微镜下观察细胞形态改变，免疫荧光染色法检测细胞骨架结构F-actin蛋白的表达，RT-qPCR法检测肌动蛋白α-SMA及代表上皮间质转换的神经黏附素（N-cadherin）、波形蛋白（vimentin）和上皮黏附素（E-cadherin）基因表达；用不同浓度（0、5和10μg/L）的TGF-β1处理HSC-T624h，Western blot检测α-SMA、N-cadherin、vimentin和E-cadherin蛋白表达。结果10μg/L TGF-β1干预HSC-T624h有最好的细胞存活率；TGF-β1刺激HSC-T6后，细胞拉伸，伪足增多呈星形，细胞间连接疏松，呈显著活化状态；F-actin聚集形成应力纤维丝，沿细胞长轴分布；实验组α-SMA mRNA及vimentin mRNA的表达量明显高于对照组（P〈0．05），而E-cadherin mRNA的表达量明显降低（P〈0．05）；在不同浓度的TGF-β1呈剂量依赖性致α-SMA及N-cadherin和vimentin的蛋白表达量增多，而E-cadherin的蛋白表达量减少。结论TGF-β1可诱导HSC-T6活化及上皮间质转换。Objective To observe the effect of TGF-β1 on activation and epithelial mesenchymal transition （EMT） in rat hepatic stellate cell-T6. Methods Adopt the MTT method to screen the optimum concentration of TGF-β1 in vitro HSC-T6 cultured. After the HSC-T6 stimulation by TGF-β1 of 10 μg/L for 24 hours, the morphology of the cells was observed under inverted phase contrast microscope, the expression of F-actin which on behalf of cotoskeletal structure was detected by immunofluorescence staining; the expression of α-SMA and N-cadherin, vimentin, E-eadherin was measured by RT-qPCR ; The changes of α-SMA, N-cadherin, vimentin and E-eadherin were assessed by Western blot after different concentrations （0,5 and 10 μg/L） of TGF-β1 interventing HSC-T6 for 24 h. Results The optimal cell survival rate was recorded when 10 μg/L TGF-β1 dealt with cells for 24 h. After HSC-T6 were treated with TGF-β1 ,cells stretched, pseudopodia increased and turn into stellate, ceils connections were looser, so that represented a significantly activated state. F-actin filaments gathered to form stress and distributed along the long axis of the cells ; The expression of α-SMA mRNA and vimentin mRNA in experimental group was significantly higher while E-cadherin mRNA was obviously lower than the control group （P〈 0. 05）. TGF-β1 made the protein expression of α-SMA and N-cadherin, vimentin in dose-dependent increased while E-cadherin was decreased.Conclusions TGF-β1 may induce activation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of HSC-T6.福建省科技计划（2015Y01010224）;福州市科技计划（2014-S-137-1

Surface structure-controlled synthesis of nanocrystals through supersaturation dependent growth strategy

纳米晶体很多重要的物理化学性质与其表面结构密切相关, 纳米晶的表面结构调控及相关理论研究是前沿和热点领域.; 本评述总结了非平衡态过饱和条件下纳米晶体生长热力学相关理论及其在离子晶体、分子晶体、贵金属、氧化物、金属有机框架等5类纳米晶体表面结构控制中的应; 用. 从热力学推导出的"类"Thomson-Gibbs方程可以发现, 晶体裸露晶面的表面能与其生长过程生长基元的过饱和度成正比.; 该理论揭示了过饱和度在纳米晶体表面结构控制中的重要作用, 为合理设计合成具有特定表面结构的纳米晶提供了有效指导.Many physical and chemical properties of nanocrystals are closely; related to their surface structures. Studies on the surface structure; control of nanocrystals and related theories are hot and frontier; research topics recently. In this review, we introduce the; supersaturation control strategy and its application in the surface; structure control of nanocrystals ranging from ionic, molecular,; metallic, metal oxide, to metal-organic frameworks crystals. Deduced; from thermodynamics, it can be found that the surface energy of; nanocrystals is directly proportional to the supersaturation of growth; units. The relationship between supersaturation and surface energy; provides an important theoretical basis for the controlled synthesis of; nanocrystals with specific surface structure.国家重点基础研究发展计划; 国家自然科学基金项目; 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助; 中国博士后科学基

乙醇对鲍鱼碱性磷酸酶活力与构象的影响

以乙醇为效应物研究对鲍鱼碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活力影响的结果表明,酶的剩余活力随着乙醇浓度增大而迅速下降,乙醇浓度40%可使酶活力完全丧失,说明乙醇对鲍鱼ALP有明显的失活作用,IC50为13%.含较低浓度乙醇(30%)的失活过程是可逆的反应.测定乙醇对酶的失活作用机理,结果表明乙醇对鲍鱼ALP的失活作用是非竞争性机制,说明底物存在不影响乙醇对酶的失活作用.应用荧光光谱、紫外吸收光谱研究鲍鱼ALP经乙醇微扰后的分子构象变化,发现乙醇对酶分子构象有显著的影响,酶的内源荧光强度随乙醇浓度增大而增强,荧光发射峰逐渐发生红移.紫外吸收光谱在276 nm吸收峰随乙醇浓度增大而增强.这些结果表明,酶蛋白分子中的生色基团残基的微环境发生变化

鲍鱼碱性磷酸酶的分离纯化和性质研究

以杂色鲍(Haliotis diversicolor)内脏为原料,经Tris HCl缓冲液(pH 7.5,含0.1mol/L NaCl)抽提,正丁醇处理,硫酸铵分级沉淀分离,DE 32离子交换、Sephadex G 150分子筛、DE 32纯化,得到电泳单一纯的碱性磷酸酶制剂,比活力为1 226 U/mg.酶学性质和动力学性质研究表明:该酶催化对硝基苯磷酸水解反应的最适 pH值为 10.08,最适温度为48℃.米氏常数Km 值为0.80 mmol/L,Vm 值为20.1 mmol/L·min-1(pH 10.0,37℃).酶的热稳定性研究表明:该酶在pH 7~11区间和在温度低于55℃下稳定.金属离子对酶活力的影响结果表明:Li+、Na+和K+对酶活力没有影响,Mg2+、Ca2+、Ba2+、Mn2+和Co2+对酶有不同程度的激活作用,而Cu2+、Cd2+、Zn2+、Hg2+、Ag+、Bi2+和Pb2+等对酶起抑制作用

纳米金簇复合丝素薄膜的性能及其在生物成像中的应用

具有荧光性能的丝素薄膜可用于生物体内外实时的、无损伤的生物成像,为直观监测体内生物材料及其化学环境的变化提供了新思路。采用浇铸法制备纳米金簇复合丝素薄膜,研究了纳米金簇、甘油和制备过程中pH值对纳米金簇复合丝素薄膜结构和性能的影响。结果表明:纳米金簇和甘油的加入都会提高纳米金簇复合丝素薄膜β-折叠和结晶度,从而提高其断裂强度;在碱性条件下制备的纳米金簇复合丝素薄膜在680nm处可发射较强荧光;细胞能在制备的薄膜上正常黏附和生长,实现薄膜和细胞同时荧光成像。国家自然科学基金资助项目(51773171,U1405226)福建省科技厅自然科学基金资助项目(2017J06019)高等学校学科创新引智计划资助项目(B16029)厦门大学校长基金资助项目(20720160088,20720150218

The Research and Realization of Track Layout Editor TOPOLOGY in Urban Rail Transit Signaling System

This paper elaborated the design and realization of the track layout editor TOPOLOGY. The software was based on the object-oriented programming and adopted the design concept of icons separated from the devices. With strict data structure design, integrate and consistency checking algorithm and route auto-generate algorithm were all used in the software. The integrated editing function of track layout editor was realized, and the accuracy and safety of data were ensured, which met the requirement of design and application in urban rail transit signaling systerm well

TGF-beta1 induces activation of HSC-T6 cells and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in rats

目的探讨转化生长因子-beta1(TGF-beta1)在大鼠肝星状细胞系(HSC-T6)活化及上皮间质转换(EMT)中的作用。方法体外培养HSC; -T6,用MTT法筛选TGF-beta1对HSC-T6作用的最佳浓度;用10 mug/L TGF-beta1处理HSC-T6 24; h,相差倒置显微镜下观察细胞形态改变,免疫荧光染色法检测细胞骨架结构F-actin蛋白的表达,; RT-qPCR法检测肌动蛋白alpha-SMA及代表上皮间质转换的神经黏附素(N-cadherin)、波形蛋白(vimentin)和上皮黏附素(; E-cadherin)基因表达;用不同浓度(0、5和10 mug/L)的TGF-beta1处理HSC-T6 24 h,Western; blot检测alpha-SMA、N-cadherin、vimentin和E-cadherin蛋白表达。结果10 mug/L; TGF-beta1干预HSC-T6 24; h有最好的细胞存活率;TGF-beta1刺激HSC-T6后,细胞拉伸,伪足增多呈星形,细胞间连接疏松,呈显著活化状态;F-actin聚集形成应力; 纤维丝,沿细胞长轴分布;实验组alpha-SMA mRNA及vimentin; mRNA的表达量明显高于对照组(P<0.05),而E-cadherin; mRNA的表达量明显降低(P<0.05);在不同浓度的TGF-beta1呈剂量依赖性致alpha-SMA及N-cadherin和vimentin; 的蛋白表达量增多,而E-cadherin的蛋白表达量减少。结论TGF-beta1可诱导HSC-T6活化及上皮间质转换。Objective To observe the effect of TGF-beta1 on activation and; epithelial mesenchymal transition(EMT) in rat hepatic stellate cell-T6.; Methods Adopt the MTT method to screen the optimum concentration of; TGF-beta1 in vitro HSC-T6 cultured. After the HSC-T6 stimulation by; TGF-beta1 of 10 mug/L for 24 hours, the morphology of the cells was; observed under inverted phase contrast microscope, the expression of; F-actin which on behalf of cotoskeletal structure was detected by; immunofluorescence staining; the expression of alpha-SMA and; N-cadherin,vimentin,E-cadherin was measured by RT-qPCR; The changes of; alpha-SMA,N-cadherin,vimentin and E-cadherin were assessed by Western; blot after different concentrations (0,5 and 10 mug/L) of TGF-beta1; interventing HSC-T6 for 24 h. Results The optimal cell survival rate was; recorded when 10 mug/L TGF-beta1 dealt withcells for 24 h. After HSC-T6; were treated with TGF-beta1,cells stretched, pseudopodia increased and; turn into stellate, cells connections were looser, so that represented a; significantly activated state.F-actin filaments gathered to form stress; and distributed along the long axis of the cells; The expression of; alpha-SMA mRNA and vimentin mRNA in experimental group was significantly; higher while E-cadherin mRNA was obviously lower than the control; group(P<0.05). TGF-beta1 made the protein expression of alpha-SMA and; N-cadherin, vimentin in dose-dependent increased while E-cadherin was; decreased.Conclusions TGF-beta1 may induce activation and; epithelial-mesenchymal transition of HSC-T6.福建省科技计划; 福州市科技计

Runoff-scouring and Its Control in Village System of Wangdong Gully Small Watershed

黄土塬区小流域村落系统地面集水径流下切侧蚀作用是导致沟头延伸地面破碎的主要原因，也是影响村民住宅安全的潜在因素。该文通过实地调查，定位监测和人工模拟降雨试验以及对硬软地面产流产沙特点的综合分析基础上，提出了具体的防治措施

10*10nGaAsP/InP阵列波导光栅器件的研制

研制了脊形波导结构的10*10InGaAsP/InP阵列波导光栅器件（AWG），并采用掺饵光纤放大器（EDFA）作宽带光源测量了AWG的近场图以及分光特性