丙戊酸钠对戊四氮致痫大鼠海马组织粘着斑激酶表达的影响

目的:探讨抗癫痫药丙戊酸钠（VPA）对戊四氮（PTZ）致痫模型大鼠海马组织中粘着斑激酶（FAK）、FAK-pY397表达水平的影响。方法:将75只大鼠随机分为正常对照组,模型组,VPA低、中、高剂量组(150,300,600 mg·kg-1·d-1) 5组,每组15只。造模大鼠连续腹腔注射戊四氮32 mg·kg-1·d-14周,密切观察大鼠行为学变化。造模成功后,VPA各组给予相应剂量VPA灌胃,连续2周。苏木精-伊红（HE）染色观察大鼠海马组织变化;免疫组化及酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）检测大鼠外周血清及海马组织中FAK、FAK-pY397及整合素表达情况。结果:与模型组比较,VPA各组癫痫症状有明显缓解,细胞凋亡情况有所改善;免疫组化发现VPA组FAK-pY397的表达明显下降,且随着VPA剂量的加大,FAK-pY397的表达有下降趋势,ITGα3表达组间无显著差异; VPA低、中、高剂量组海马组织中FAK,FAK-pY397及整合素ITGβ1表达水平下降,差异具有显著性（P <0. 05）;外周血清中FAK及整合素ITGβ1蛋白表达水平显著下降（P <0. 05）,但FAK-pY397表达无明显变化。结论:VPA可能通过抑制癫痫大鼠海马组织中FAK-pY397及ITGβ1的表达,参与或影响癫痫过程。漳州市自然科学基金课题(编号:ZZ2017J41

Correlation of ATP Binding Cassette Transporter A1 Gene Polymorphisms and Lower Extremity Atherosclerotic Disease

目的：进行三磷酸腺苷结合盒转运体A1（ATP binding cassette transporter A1,ABCA1）基因单核苷酸多态性（single nucleotide polymorphisms,SNP）与下肢动脉粥样硬化（lower extremity atherosclerotic disease,LEAD）的关联分析。方法：收集福建省闽南地区630例体检者（314例LEAD者和316例正常者）的临床资料及外周血;采用Sequenom Mass Array系统对该人群的ABCA1基因9个SNP位点进行检测。结果：9个SNP位点中,rs2980083位点不符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡,分析中舍去;rs2066714与rs2066715,rs1800976与rs2246293,rs2246293与rs2980083,rs1800976与rs2980083等4组位点之间存在明显的连锁不平衡（D＇〉0.9,r2〉1/3）,对其构建的6种单倍型在两组的分布差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;该8个SNP位点的基因型统计在病例对照分析中的分布频率未见显著差异（P〉0.05）,基因logistic回归分析未显示有患病风险。结论：闽南汉族人群ABCA1基因rs10124755、rs2980083、rs1800976、rs4149341、rs2066714、rs2066715、rs2066716、rs2230808、rs2246293多态性可能与LEAD的遗传易感性无关。Objective： To analyze the correlation of single nucleotide polymorphisms （SNP） of ATP binding cassette transporter A1 gene （ABCA1） and lower extremity atherosclerotic disease （LEAD）. Methods： The clinical data and peripheral blood were col- lected from 630 participants （314 LEAD cases and 316 normal controls） in Han population of Minnan. The 9 SNP genotypes in the ABCA1 gene were detected by Sequenom MassArray. Results： Among the 9 SNP genotypes, rs2980083 was rejected because it wash＇ t in accordance with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Obvious linkage disequilibrium was found between rs2066714 and rs2066715, rs1800976 and rs2246293, rs2246293 and rs2980083, and rs1800976 and rs2980083 （D＇ 〉 0.9 ,r2 〉 1/3）. There were no significant differenees （ P 〉 0.05 ） in 6 haplotypes of ABCA1 gene groups between the LEAD eases and the normal controls. No significant differ- ences （ P 〉 0.05 ） were found in frequency distribution between the LEAD cases and the normal controls in 8 SNP according to the re- sults of genotype statistics. There was no onset risk of LEAD according to the gene logistie regression analysis. Conelusion： The SNPs of rs10124755, rs2980083, rs1800976, rs4149341, rs2066714, rs2066715, rs2066716, rs2230808 and rs2246293 might not eorrelate with the susceptibility of LEAD in Han population of Minnan.2013年度南京军区医学科技创新课题（编号：MS098

Function of Apoptosis and Autophagy in Cardiovascular Diseases

细胞凋亡与自噬是普遍存在于各种细胞内的生命现象,广泛参与了机体的生理、病理过程,且二者有着多因子、多通路的相互影响,这种错综复杂的关系贯穿于各种心血管疾病的始终,对多种心血管疾病的发生发展转归起重要作用。现对细胞凋亡与自噬及其相互关系进行梳理,并综述其在心血管疾病中的作用。Apoptosis and autophagy are common life phenomenon in various cells, which widely involve in physiological and pathological processes, and interact with one another by many factors and multiple pathways. This intricate relationship runs through a variety of cardiovascular diseases, and plays an important role in the occurrence, development and prognosis of many cardiovascular diseases. The effects of apoptosis and autophagy and their interrelationship in cardiovascular diseases were reviewed and summarized in this paper.2013年度南京军区医学科技创新课题（编号：MS098

Association between Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase Gene Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms and Lower Extremity Atherosclerotic Disease

目的:研究汉族人群中亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶(methylene-tetrahydrofolate reductase,MTHFR)基因多态性与下肢动脉粥样硬化(lower extremity atherosclerotic disease,LEAD)的相关性。方法:收集福建省闽南地区384例(LEAD者224例,健康者160例)的临床资料及外周血;LEAD检查采用踝肱指数(ABI)、趾肱指数(TBI)、多普勒彩超和其他影像学检查等手段;选取MTHFR基因rs1801133、rs1801131、rs2274976、rs4846048、rs3737966、rs1537515、rs4846049、rs3834044、rs13306561和rs3737964等10个单核苷酸多态性(single nucleotide polymorphisms,SNP)位点进行基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱分析技术(matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight,MALDI-TOF)的基因分型。结果:10个SNP位点均符合HardyWeinberg平衡;rs4846048与rs3737966等37个位点之间存在明显连锁不平衡现像(D'均大于0.9);MTHFR基因GCCTCGGAAT单倍型在LEAD和正常组的分布差异有统计学意义(P=0.02);等位基因频率的χ~2检验显示rs1801131(OR=1.287);rs4846048(OR=1.844,P=0.02);rs3737966(OR=1.339);rs4846049(OR=1.314)和rs3737964(OR=1.522);且rs4846048位点的趋势χ~2检验(cochran-armitage trend test,TREND)、显性基因检验(Dominant gene action test,DOM)均显示LEAD与正常组之间分布频率的差异有统计学意义(P 0. 9) and so on. There were significant differences( P = 0. 02) in GCCTCGGAAT haplotypes of MTHFR gene groups between LEAD cases and the normal groups. The results from chi-square test of allele frequencies suggested rs1801131( OR = 1. 287),rs4846048( OR = 1. 844,P = 0. 02),rs3737966( OR =1. 339),rs4846049( OR = 1. 314) and rs3737964( OR = 1. 522). Significant differences( P < 0. 05) were observed between LEAD and the normal groups in Cochran- Armitage trend test and Dominant gene action test of rs4846048. Conclusion: The SNP of rs1801131,rs4846048,rs3737966,rs4846049 and rs3737964 might be associated with the susceptibility of LEAD,and rs4846048 gene mutation might serve as a risk factor for LEAD in the community-based population.2013年度南京军区医学科技创新课题(编号:MS098);; 解放军第175医院青年苗圃基金项目(编号:13Y015

盐酸溴己新葡萄糖注射液致耳鸣耳痛1例

1病例介绍患者,女,26岁。因畏寒、发热7 d,伴咳嗽咯痰、咽痛,最高体温39.3℃,于2016年7月12日入院,行胸部CT检查,结果示\"左肺大片模糊斑片影\"。患者否认肝炎、结核、疟疾等传染病史,否认高血压、糖尿病病史,否认食物、药物过敏。入院体格检查:体温37.6℃,脉搏86次·min-1,呼吸22次·min-1,血压126/68 mm Hg(1 mm Hg

Effects of Hemocoagulase Agkistrodon for Hemostasis in Surgical Tresis Vulnus: A Meta-analysis

目的:评价尖吻蝮蛇血凝酶(HCA)对手术创口的止血效果。方法:计算机检索Pub MEd、CbM、中国知网、维普和万方等数据库,收集采用HCA治疗手术创口出血的临床随机对照试验(rCT),并追溯纳入研究的参考文献。由2位评价者按照纳入排除标准独立筛选文献、提取资料和评价质量后,采用rEV MAn 5.2软件进行META分析。结果:纳14篇文献,共1 382个患者。META分析结果显示:与对照组比较,HCA可明显减少患者手术切口创面出血量[Md=-1.67,95%CI(-2.04,-1.30),P<0.000 1],减少术后引流量[Md=-19.10,95%CI(-25.96,-12.25),P<0.000 01],减少切口单位面积出血量[Md=-0.05,95%CI(-0.08,-0.03),P<0.000 01],缩短止血时间[Md=-50.67,95%CI(-74.85,-26.49),P<0.000 1]。结论:术前给予尖吻蝮蛇血凝酶能明显减少手术患者切口创面出血量、术后引流量和切口单位面积出血量,并缩短止血时间,但本研究仍有局限性,需大样本、多中心、随机对照临床试验进一步证实。Objective: To review the effects of hemocoagulase agkistrodon( HCA) for hemostasis in surgical tresis vulnus.Methods: Databases including Pub Med,CBM,CNKI,VIP and Wanfang were searched electronically to collect literature published.Randomized controlled trials( RCTs) were identified about HCA for hemostasis in surgical tresis vulnus.References of the included studies were also retrieved.Two reviewers independently screened literature according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,extracted data,and assess the quality of the included studies.Then Meta-analysis was performed using Rev Man 5.2 software.Results: Fourteen trials involved 1 382 patients were included.The results of Metaanalysis indicated that,using HCA for hemorrhagic volume in surgical tresis vulnus[MD =- 1.67,95% CI(- 2.04,- 1.30),P < 0.000 1 ],drainage volume after the operation[MD =- 19.10,95% CI(- 25.96,- 12.25),P <0.000 01],hemorrhagic volume per square unit[MD =- 0.05,95% CI(- 0.08,- 0.03),P < 0.000 01] significantly decreased in comprison with blank control,hemostatic time[MD =- 50.67,95% CI(- 74.85,- 26.49),P < 0.000 1]were significantly shorten with blank control.Conclusion: HCA administered preoperatively could significant reduce the hemorrhagic volume,drainage volume after the operation,hemorrhagic volume per square unit and shorten hemostatic time compared with blank control in surgical patients.However,due to limitations of the included studies,the clinical effects need to be confirmed by large multicenter randomized controlled trials

Synthesis and Applications of Carbon Dots

近年来,由于碳纳米材料具有高的催化活性以及好的稳定性等优点,其在科学、工程以及商业领域都得到了广泛的应用。其中新型“零维“碳纳米材料——碳量子点(CArbOn dOTS,CdS)具有荧光信号稳定、无光闪烁、激发波长和发射波长可调控等独特的光学性质,以及生物毒性小和生物相容性好等优势,逐渐成为碳纳米材料的研究热点,广泛应用于生物成像、生物细胞标记、传感器、光催化、太阳能电池以及发光元件等领域。本文主要综述了CdS的不同合成方法(包括自上而下法和自下而上法)及其应用。In recent years,nanomaterials have made an important impact on diverse science,engineering,and commercial sectors due to their high catalysis,lowcost,and good stability.Acting as a class of ‘zero-dimensional'carbon nanomaterials,carbon dots( CDs) possess unique optical properties of high photostability against photobleaching,tunable excitation and emission wavelength,as well as lowcytotoxicity and good biocompatibility.Therefore,CDs have become a hot subject of carbon nanomaterial in the past decade,not only for its unique properties but also for its applications in various fields such as bioimaging,biolabeling,sensors,photocatalysis,solar cells, light-emitting element and so on.This article reviews the different synthetic methodologies( including two classes: top-down and bottom-up) to achieve good performance of CDs.At the same time,the applications of CDs are also reviewed in the article.国家质检总局科技计划项目(No.2012QK053); 福建省质量技术监督局科技项目(No.3002A91429); 福建省高校产学合作科技重大项目(No.2012H6026); 福建省自然科学基金项目(No.2012D136); 福建省教育厅科技项目(No.JB14180)资助~

藏药镰形棘豆的化学成分、药理作用及毒理学研究进展

目的:为进一步研究和开发利用藏药镰形棘豆提供参考。方法:以"镰形棘豆""莪达夏""化学成分""药理作用""毒理学""Oxytropis""Oxytropis falcata""Oxytropis falcata Bunge""Chemical constituents""Chemical composition""Pharmacologic actions""Toxicology"等为关键词,组合查询2010年1月-2016年2月在Pub Med、中国知网、万方、维普等数据库中的相关文献,对镰形棘豆的化学成分、药理作用、毒理学研究及临床应用进行综述。结果与结论:共检索到相关文献81篇,其中有效文献46篇。目前从镰形棘豆中分离鉴定的化学成分主要包括黄酮类、生物碱类、甾体及萜类等化合物,其具有抗炎镇痛、抗脓毒症、抗氧化、防紫外线损伤、抗缺血缺氧性损伤、抗肿瘤、免疫调节、抗纤维化、促凝止血、抑菌、止咳祛痰等广泛的药理作用;毒性研究报道并不多见;镰形棘豆除在藏医中常被用来治疗疫疠、麻风、感冒、便血、骨伤、刀伤等之外,现已有一些以镰形棘豆为主要组成的上市药品和医院制剂应用于临床。今后应加强其药理、药效、作用机制和毒理学研究。原南京军区医学科技创新项目(No.14MS085

The protective effects of compound sarcopyramis nepalensis wall on acute hepatic injury in mice

目的观察复方风柜斗草对四氯化碳(CCl4)引起的小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用。方法将小鼠随机分为空白组、模型组、复方风柜斗草低剂量组(2.2 g/kg)、中剂量组(4.4 g/kg)、高剂量组(8.8 g/kg)和联苯双酯阳性对照组(0.2g/kg)。空白组与模型组给予1%羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC-nA)水溶液,其他组给予相应的药物,1次/d,连续灌胃给药10 d后,除正常组外,腹腔注射CCl4致小鼠急性肝损伤。检测肝组织中的超氧化物歧化酶(SOd)及血清中丙氨酸氨基转移酶(AlT)、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)的活性,同时检测血清中总胆红素(T-bIl)、直接胆红素(d-bIl)及肝组织中丙二醛(MdA)的水平,并计算肝脏指数。结果预先给予复方风柜斗草能显著降低急性肝损伤小鼠体内T-bIl、d-bIl、AlT、AST和MdA的水平,并升高肝组织中SOd活力。结论复方风柜斗草对CCl4致小鼠急性肝损伤具有保护作用,其机制可能与其所具有的抗脂质过氧化和清除体内过多氧自由基的作用有关。Objective To observe the protective effects of compound sarcopyramis nepalensis wall against tetrachloride( CCl4)-induced acute hepatic injury in mice.Methods The mice were randomly divided into normal group,model group,low dose compound sarcopyramis nepalensis wall group( 2.2 g / kg),medium dose group( 4.4 g / kg),high dose group( 8.8 g / kg),and positive control( biphenyldicarboxylate) groups( 0.2 g / kg).The mice were ig pretreated with compound sarcopyramis nepalensis wall and biphenyldicarboxylate once daily for consecutive 10 d,respectively.The mice in the normal and model groups were given 0.1% CMCNa,the water-solution instead.Then,acute liver injury in mice was induced by ip injection of CCl4.The activities of serum ALT and AST,hepatic SOD,and the level of serum T-BIL and D-BIL,hepatic MDA were also determined,the hepatic indices were calculated.Results The activities of ALT and AST,the level of T-BIL,D-BIL and MDA were significantly decreased by compound sarcopyramis nepalensis wall pretreatment,while activity of SOD in hepatic tissues was markedly increased.Conclusion Compound sarcopyramis nepalensis wall has protective effects against CCl4-induced acute hepatic injury in mice,and the mechanisms might be associated with its anti-oxidative and scavenging free radical activity

高龄经产妇剖宫产术中出血风险因素分析

目的分析高龄经产妇剖宫产术中出血风险因素，为防治剖宫产术中出血提供理论依据。方法回顾分析2015年1月至2019年12月在中山大学附属第一医院高龄经产妇剖宫产1 838例临床资料。根据产妇术中出血量是否≥500 mL，分为出血组与常规出血组，分析产妇基本资料、术中因素、胎盘因素等各类因素与术中出血相关性，通过多因素二分类Logistic回归分析得出独立风险因素。结果Logistic回归分析显示，手术时间［OR=1.069，95% CI为（1.050， 1.089），P&lt;0.001］、胎盘娩出方式［OR=3.131，95%CI为（1.259， 7.782）， P=0.014］、胎儿窘迫［OR=4.727，95%CI为（1.191， 18.763），P=0.027］、手术级别［OR=21.494，95%CI为（6.031， 76.611），P&lt;0.001］、麻醉方式［OR=2.904，95%CI为（1.158， 7.281），P=0.023］和宫缩乏力［OR=7.255，95%CI为（4.413， 11.927），P&lt;0.001］为术中出血独立风险因素。结论手术时间、胎儿窘迫、手术级别、麻醉方式、宫缩乏力、胎盘娩出方式是高龄经产妇剖宫产术中出血主要影响因素，临床应针对以上风险因素，制定相应措施，以减低剖宫产术中出血风险