Homestead Heritage:A Personhood Study Of “KingYaLu”Of Miao Ethnic Group In MaShan

在贵州省中部的喀斯特山区中，居住着三十多万的苗族人，这就是麻山苗族 人。构成麻山苗族人生存故事最精彩篇章的，可能就是流传至今的“亚鲁王”之历史记忆与现实实践；零星的文献记载和至今在麻山苗族人日常生活中践行的一些观念，展现的也是一幅亚鲁信仰之口述传统所形成的族群生存历史图景。本论文以麻山苗族“亚鲁王”的遗产化为切入点，以人观为理论指引，试图对麻山苗族人的亚鲁信仰的自然文化生态做一个大致勾勒，呈现麻山苗族人的亚鲁信仰之观念。通过对麻山苗族人的现实生活与对亚鲁信仰观念践行的描述，分析在非物质文化遗产保护热潮的助力下，展呈麻山苗族人的亚鲁信仰观念的家园遗产之特质，从而为中国非物质文化遗产理论体系探索...There are more than three hundreds thousand Miao people lives in middle of GuiZhou provence within mountains of karst,who are the MaShan branch of Miao .It maybe the historical memory and realistic practice inheritance of“KingYaLu”,which is the brilliant story of living of Miao people lives in mountain of Karst until today. The fragmented literature and much of viewsstill practicing in the dail...学位：法学博士院系专业：人类学研究所_民族学学号：1062010015382

海底隧道衬砌混凝土抗蚀影响因素分析与模拟

对海底隧道衬砌混凝土抗蚀影响因素进行了全面分析,建立了多因素的影响模型。指出以氯盐、硫酸盐和镁盐为代表的海洋环境介质的化学侵蚀破坏、以气候因素和盐类结晶为代表的物理因素作用、以自身结构的密实程度与收缩变形为代表的自身因素是影响隧道衬砌混凝土抗蚀性的3大主要因素。它们既相互联系又相互促进。其中,混凝土自身的密实程度和微裂缝是关键影响因素

Identification of Bohai Sea crude oil based on characteristic fingerprinting by MSPD-RP-HPLC

建立渤海原油的高效液相色谱(HPlC)特征指纹图谱,为渤海原油的鉴别提供一种新方法。以氧化铝作为基质固相分散剂进行样品处理,采用HPlC法进行分析,双反相C18色谱柱串联,以乙腈-水为流动相,二元线性梯度洗脱,流速为1.0 Ml/MIn,柱温为20℃,双波长检测226 nM、254 nM,进样量10μl;采用所发展的方法对10批渤海原油样品进行分析,建立渤海原油的HPlC特征指纹图谱,结合相似度分析用于渤海原油的鉴别。该方法具有很好的精密度、重复性和稳定性,10批渤海原油特征指纹图谱有13个共有峰,结合相似度分析可以用于渤海原油样品的鉴别,说明HPlC特征指纹图谱是渤海原油鉴别的有力工具。Based on the high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) characteristic fingerprinting,a new method for crude oil identification of Bohai Sea was developed.The sample pretreatment was done using matrix solid-phase dispersion,and Al2O3 was used as the dispersant.The chromatographic fingerprints were determined by injecting 10 L sample solution each time on two reverse phase C18 columns in series with the gradient elution solvent system composed of water and acetonitrile.The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min,the column temperature was maintained at 20℃ and the signals were acquired at 226 nm and 254 nm.The characteristic fingerprints of crude oil were established by analysis of ten representative samples derived from Bohai Sea,and identification was carried out by the similarity analysis of the characteristic fingerprints.The method was ideally suited for the fingerprinting of Bohai Sea crude oil with good precision,repeatability and stability.13 peaks were selected as the common peaks of the characteristic fingerprint and used for the similarity analysis,which could be applied to distinguish crude oil of Bohai Sea from that of other sources.The characteristic HPLC fingerprinting technique thus was a powerful tool for the identification of crude oil originated from Bohai Sea.海洋公益性行业科研专项(200705011;201005034-3);中国海监技术支撑体系项目;2008年海洋环境保护及节能减排专

Quantification of Methylation at CMV Promoter of pEGFP-C3 Vector by Gradient Touch-Down PCR Sequencing

目的改进亚硫酸氢钠测序法,并在CMV基因启动子甲基化检测中进行验证。方法提取PEgfP-C3质粒重组人肝癌细胞株HEPg2 dnA,亚硫酸氢钠化学修饰,针对修饰后质粒基因CMV启动子序列设计特异引物并结合梯度降落PCr扩增,T-A载体克隆、测序,目标区域甲基化定量。结果 PEgfP-C3质粒基因约600bP的CMV启动子区甲基化水平可以精确定量,检测结果与标准品一致,重复测量结果稳定。结论改进后亚硫酸氢钠测序法能明显减少非特异性扩增,提高PCr效率,更适于基因甲基化状态的检测。Objective To improve the sodium bisulfite sequencing method and validate it in quantification of methylation in CMV promoter.Methods DNA was extracted from recombinant HepG2 hepatoma cell line with plasmid pEGFP-C3,and chemically modified with sodium bisulfite,the gene-specific primers were designed according to the modified CMV promoter sequence and conducted PCR amplification with gradient touch-down PCR,then the DNA methylation level in the target areas was quantitated after T-A cloning and sequencing.Results The DNA methylation level of the 600 bp CMV promoter within pEGFPC3 plasmid could be quantified accurately,and be consistent with that of the methylated DNA standards,repeated measurements indicated stable quantification result with this method.Conclusion The improved sodium bisulfite sequencing method can reduce non-specific amplification significantly and improve PCR efficiency,therefore has more potential for quantitative detection of gene methylation status.国家自然科学基金资助项目(20907047);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务专项(2008KYYW05

Culture Heritage and Ethnic Representation——With the Process of"Ya Lu Wang"Becoming Intangible Cultural Heritage as an Example

亚鲁王是流传在麻山苗族族群中的口述传统,亚鲁王在遗产运动下的正名是族群融入国家制度建构的一种路径并成为族群文化构建国家认同的符号标志。通过亚鲁王申遗的事件,阐明亚鲁王在“正统“意识观念的型塑之下,生活世界与国家舞台的实践与展演是亚鲁王传承与发展的现行方式,提出在“家园遗产“的理念下保护和传承亚鲁王文化。"Ya Lu Wang"is an oral tradition in Miao ethnic of MaShan,"Ya Lu Wang"becoming intangible cultural heritage is a road for Miao ethnic participateing in construction of state system and becoming a symbol of constructing nation identity.Through the event of"Ya Lu Wang"becoming intangible cultural heritage,we attempt to explain that"Ya Lu Wang"was practicing and performing in"Living world"and "National stage"is a way of culture inheriting and development under State presence.we suggest that protecting and inheriting "Ya Lu Wang" culture in the idea of Homeland heritage

The Search for Community:the Study of Identity in Field of Anthropology

认同是社会科学中的一个重要词汇,认同研究很早就进入人类学的研究视野,从早期的族群研究、现代性背景下的民族—国家探讨到移动性背景下的共同体追寻,认同呈现出一幅复杂的图景,以超越认同的认同过程视角来达成对共同体追寻的理解,认同是过程中的不断结构化,是永未完结的过程。Identity is one of the important vocabulary in social science,the study of Identity in field of Anthropology has long history,such as the study of Ethnic Identity,Nation—State studies on the perspective of modernity and the search for community on the perspective of mobility.Identity has been a complex question,we may come to an agreement on the question of search for community if we understand the identity on the perspective of identity process.Identity is structuring in the process,is a process without an en

构树、蔷薇、甘草三种植物活性成分研究

本论文采用活性追踪下的分离方法，对构树叶、蔷薇花、甘草中的酚类化合物进行了系统的化学成分研究，同时对其生物活性进行了初步的评价。现分为4章进行报道： 第一章报道了构树叶的化学成分研究，植物雌激素生物合成抑制活性研究和抗氧化活性评价。采用活性追踪下的分离方法，从构树叶正丁醇部位中分离得到了23个酚类化合物，鉴定了其中21个化合物，其中6个为新的化合物，15个为已知化合物。新化合物分别为：(2'-羟基-3'-异戊二烯基-1, 3-二苯基丙烷)-4',4''-di-O-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖苷 (1), (4'-羟基-3'-异戊二烯基-1,3-二苯基丙烷)-2', 4''-二-O-β-D-二葡萄吡喃糖苷(2), (2'-甲氧基-3''-异戊二烯基-1,3-二苯基丙烷)-4',4''-二-O-β-D-二葡萄吡喃糖苷(3), [4',2''-二羟基-3''-((2S)-2-羟基-3-甲基丁-3-烯基)-1,3-二苯基丙烷]-4''-O-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖苷 (4), [(2S)-3'-异戊二烯基黄烷]-7,4' –二-O-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖苷 (5)和broussoside F (21)。 已知化合物分别为：丁香脂素-4-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷 (6), 对羟基香豆酸(7), 芹菜素(8), 木犀草素(9), poliothyrsoside (10), 松脂醇-4'-O-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖苷 (11), flacourtin (12), 二氢紫丁香苷 (13), 芹菜素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(14)，金圣草黄素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷 (15), 异牡荆 (16), 木犀草苷(17)，荭草苷 (18)，牡荆素 (19)和异荭草苷(20)。据我们所知，除了化合物8，9, 14, 15, 17和19，其余化合物均为首次从构树属植物中分离得到。并对分离得到的化合物进行了雌激素生物合成抑制活性研究和抗氧化活性评价。其中化合物9表现出非常显著地雌激素生物合成抑制活性(IC50 1.32 μM)，而新化合物3-5和已知化合物10表现出显著的雌激素生物合成抑制活性。此外，采用ABTS和DPPH方法评价各组分和化合物的抗氧化活性，化合物9，17，18，20 表现出很强的抗氧化活性。并初步分析了该类化合物的构效关系。结果显示：异戊二烯基和酚羟基不是雌激素生物合成抑制活性的决定性因素。抗氧化活性不仅取决于羟基的数目，而且取决于羟基的位置；木犀草素及其衍生物表现出很强的抗氧化活性。这些结果显示构树叶可以通过调节雌激素生物合成来改善肉质。而且，他们可用于从天然产物中发现潜在的芳香化酶调节剂。最后，构树叶可以被当做天然抗氧化剂的新的来源。 第二章报道了蔷薇花的化学成分研究和抗氧化活性评价。采用抗氧化活性追踪下的分离方法，从蔷薇花中分离鉴定了9个酚类化合物。分别为：儿茶素(1), 山奈酚香豆酰基葡萄吡喃糖甙 (2), 黄芪甙 (3),异槲皮苷(4), 烟花甙 (5), 丁香酚4-O-β- D -（6-O-没食子酰基）葡萄糖苷 (6), michehedyosides D (7), 枸橼苦素C (8) 和strictinin (9)。其中化合物5-9为首次从蔷薇属植物中分离得到。而化合物1-9为首次从川滇蔷薇花中分离得到。此外，采用ABTS和DPPH方法评价各组分和化合物的抗氧化活性，结果表明化合物1, 6, 7和9显示了很强的抗氧化活性。这些发现显示，川滇蔷薇花富含天然抗氧化剂，其可以用于保护人类健康，尤其是用于防治心脑血管疾病。 第三章报道了甘草化学成分研究和抗氧化活性评价。采用抗氧化活性追踪下的分离方法，从甘草乙酸乙酯萃取部位中分离得到了16个酚类化合物，鉴定了其中的14个化合物，分别为：甘草西定（1）、1-(3,4-dihydroxy-5-methoxyphenyl)-3-methylbut-2-ene （2）、Semilicoisoflavone B（3）、platyisoflavanone B（4）、柚皮素（5）、格里西轮（6）、甘草素（7）、Gancaonin C（8）、粗毛甘草素C（9）、甘草香豆素（10）、异甘草素（11）、3, 3', 4, 4'-四羟基-2-甲氧基查尔酮（12）、甘草苷（13）、6''-O-乙酰基甘草苷（14）。其中化合物2和4为首次从甘草属植物中分离得到。此外，采用ABTS和DPPH方法评价各组分和化合物的抗氧化活性，结果表明化合物2和12显示了非常强的抗氧化活性。 第四章综述了抗氧化活性研究进展

Improving Wireless System by Using Self-correcting Code and Guard-dog

航模采用数字信号控制能大幅度的提高遥控的抗干扰性能。文中采用两片8031的串口通信完成控制信号的发射与接收,并采用软件看门狗技术实现对模型的智能控制,克服原系统死机等失控现象。Applying digital signal control, aeromodelling system can greatly enhance the anti-disturbing performance of re- mote controlling. In this paper the serial port communication by two slices of 8031 microprocessor is used to control signal to send and receive, the guard-dog is employed to implement the artificial control for areomodel, and the phenomenon of original system deadlocking and so on are overcome

An Equivalent Linearization Method Based on Wavelet Transformation

【中文文摘】提出了基于小波的等价线性化方法,并同传统的等价线性化方法进行了比较.小波分析跟传统的等价线性化方法结合起来,可将一个非线性系统转化成一个时变的线性系统.在实验中,采用了连续小波变换和离散的小波变换.实验结果表明:和传统的等价线性化方法比较,提出的新方法解决非线性问题更有效,可广泛地应用于各种非线性系统,进行由随机振动信号激励的非线性系统的分析. 【英文文摘】An equivalent linearization method based on wavelet transformation is represented,and compared with the traditional equivalent linearization technique.It is possible to combine wavelet analysis and the well-known equivalent linearization method,and transform non-linear system to linearization.In this experiments,continuous and discrete wavelet transforms are applied.The experimental results show that:in comparison to the traditional equivalent linearization method,the new way given in this paper can solve n..

苏打盐碱胁迫下水稻抽穗期的变化规律及其影响因素的研究

通过pH 7.5、pH 8.0、pH 8.5、pH 8.9和pH 9.6的盐碱梯度试验,研究了吉林省14个水稻品种(系)在人工模拟松嫩平原苏打盐碱土环境条件下抽穗期对盐碱胁迫的响应。结果表明:在研究条件下,随着盐碱胁迫的增强,水稻移栽—始穗天数增加,单株抽穗历时天数缩短,其变化存在明显的基因型差异,可将移栽—始穗天数、单株抽穗历时天数作为评价水稻品种(系)耐盐碱性强弱的指标之一;水稻抽穗期的变化受水稻品种(系)熟期类型的影响不大,苏打盐碱土养分含量低、影响水稻正常生长发育可能是水稻抽穗期发生改变的影响因素之一