贵州高原山区正负地形特征及其对人口分布的影响

正负地形可通过源汇过程对水、土资源进行再分配，影响着山区的人口分布，有待深入研究。获取正负地形数据，运用6个指标和多元逐步回归方法，分析贵州高原山区正负地形特征及其对人口分布的影响。研究表明：①贵州高原山区的正负地形结构异质性明显。蚕食度、深切度、平均粗糙度比、形状指标、匀度指数、破碎度的平均值分别为1.07、371m、 1.01、3.40、325和3.34。表明正地形被负地形蚕食明显、切入深度大，正、负地形的粗糙度基本相当，正负地形景观斑块呈现形状不规则、面积不均匀的破碎状态。6个正负地形指标中，匀度指数的变异性最大，变异系数为90.43%；平均粗糙度比的变异性最小，变异系数为1.06%。②贵州高原山区的人口分布不均匀性突出。人口累积达到40%时，累积面积百分比为14%；人口累积达到80%时，累积面积百分比约为50%；余下50%的面积则只积累了约20%的人口。③6个正负地形指标中，蚕食度和深切度是影响人口分布的主要因素。蚕食度通过影响土地承载力决定了人口的集聚水平，与人口密度呈正相关关系。深切度通过影响人居环境的地质灾害风险决定了人口的集聚水平，与人口密度呈负相关关系。研究成果为研究地形条件的人口影响提供补充，并为贵州高原山区人-地关系协调和土地可持续管理提供参考。国家自然科学基金(41761003,41867001,41661081)教育部人文社会科学研究项目(18YJC850010)贵州省普通高等学校科技拔尖人才支持计划(黔教合KY字[2018]042

21世纪中国金融学教学改革与发展战略

国家教育部新世纪教改工程项目《21 世纪中国金融学专业教育教学改革与发展战略研究》, 目前已取得阶段性成果。2001 年8 月16 日至21 日, 承担该项目的中央财经大学、中国人民大学、厦门大学和复旦大学在青海省西宁市举行了成果交流和研讨会。项目主持人、中央财经大学副校长、金融学博士生导师王广谦教授主持了这次会议, 全国所有有金融学博士学位授权点的高校和科研院所都有代表出席大会, 用主持人的话来说, “全国金融学界顶尖级人物基本上都到了”。出席会议的还有教育部高等教育司刘凤泰副司长和杨志坚处长。与会专家学者回顾了近20 年国内外金融业的迅猛发展, 分析了在21 世纪随着经济全球化、金融国际化对我国经济金融带来的机遇和挑战, 以及对我国金融研究、金融学科建设和人才培养带来的冲击,大家认识到, 经过20 年的改革开放和发展, 目前我国在这些领域虽有长足的进步, 但仍远远不能适应形势发展的要求。要想把我国金融学科建设成国际一流学科, 培养出一流的高素质金融专业人才, 还必须进行一系列改革与创新。与会专家教授根据各自的教学实践, 提出了许多具有建设性的意见。研讨会上发言踊跃、气氛热烈, 不时出现不同观念的碰撞和不同观点的交锋, 对推进金融学科建设十分有益。下面将著名专家教授颇具代表性的观点( 按发言顺序) 择要摘发, 以飨读者, 以推动中国金融学科的建设与繁荣

Experimental study on reperfusion of intraocular lens

作者简介: 祁明信, 男, 1945 年7 月 出生, 教授、主任医师、博士研究生 导师, 主要从事白内障的基础与临 床研究。联系电话: 0591-83570887; E-mail:qihuang@netease. com 通讯作者: 黄秀榕,E-mail:[email protected][中文文摘]目的开展晶状体再灌注的离体和动物实验研究,并对再灌注人工晶状体技术进行评价。方法采用新鲜离体幼兔眼、离体猪眼、新西兰白兔眼,应用自行研制的人工晶状体材料,进行以下实验:(1)体外固化实验;(2)晶状体前囊膜微型撕囊及其稳固性实验;(3)经微型前囊膜开口超声乳化吸出晶状体内容物实验;(4)活的新西兰白兔眼内人工晶状体再灌注实验。结果(1)按硅酮聚合物与固化剂50:1的比例可获得柔软、弹性好、固化时间短(完全固化时间为60min)的注入材料;(2)晶状体前囊膜1.8～2.0mm的连续环形撕囊口具有较好的稳定性,可经该微型开口吸出晶状体内容物并灌注材料;(3)超声能量18%、流量25mL·min-1、负压120mmHg(1kPa=7.5mmHg)为晶状体内容物经微型前囊膜开口吸出的最佳条件;(4)注入灌注材料后可形成由晶状体囊膜包裹的、置换原晶状体皮质和核的、新的再灌注人工晶状体。结论采用再灌注人工晶状体的方法可进行新型人工晶状体再灌注,可为治疗白内障和老视提供参考。[英文文摘]Objective To carry out the experimental study on reperfusion of intraocular lens(IOLs) in vitro or in animal,and to assess the technique of IOLs reperfusion.Methods The following experiments were performed by using self-developed materials in fresh rabbit eyes and pig eyes in vitro,as well as in eyes of alive New-Zea-land rabbits:(1)Solidification study of self-developed material in vitro;(2)Continuous circular capsulorhexis(CCC) in anterior capsule of lens and its stability;(3)Draw of lens contents via phaco through mini-CCC;(4)IOLs ref illing in the eyes of alive New-Zea land rabbits. Results(1) Thematerialwhich was soft, springy and short-term solidification(full solidification time was 60 minutes) were obtained in certain proportion of geland solidified agent(50:1) in vitro; ( 2)The CCC in anterior capsule of lens with 1.8-2.0 mm diameter had very good stability. The lens contents were drawn and the materialwere refilled through themini-CCC; (3) The best conditions of drawing out lens contents through m ini-CCC were phaco energy 18% , flow 25 mL·min- 1, and negative pressure 120 mmH g (1kPa=7.5 mmHg);(4) The new refilled IOLs, which were wrapped by capsule of lens and were replaced original cortex and nucleus of lens, were obtained after thematerial refillied. Conc lusion. New IOLs are refilled through this method, which can prov ide reference for the treatment of cataract and presbyopia.福建省科技三项费用;教育厅重点资助项目基金资助(编号:K98041

Several strategies for the modernization of the construction of the aquaculture seed industry silicon valley

As the saying goes, &quot;agriculture is the foundation of a nation&quot;. Thus, seeds are prioritized in agriculture. The seed industry, a strategic and basic industry in agriculture, is the core factor in the agricultural industry chain and plays a key role in the development of modern agriculture. China is one of the twelve countries rich in biodiversity, with aquatic germplasm resources distributed widely across the country. In recent years, the aquaculture seed industry has achieved considerable great advancement. However, the coverage ratio of fine-scale breeding is still relatively low. Therefore, the aquaculture seed industry in China needs to be improved. In this report, we addressed the current status, evaluated the challenges, and predicted the development tendency of the aquaculture seed industry in China. Based on which, we proposed the modernization of the construction of the Aquaculture Seed Industry Silicon Valley and presented several strategies including construction goals, contents, and principles and safeguard measures. We hope that our work can provide new insights into the sustainable development of the seed industry in the future.</p

Conception and Approach on New Model of Ecological Farm and Ranch Constructions in Coastal Zone A Case of the Yellow River Delta, China

As a model and epitome of coastal zone development in China, the Yellow River Delta region is being significantly affected by global climate change and human activities. Its ecological vulnerability is exceptionally prominent and confronted with numerous severe challenges. At present, relatively independent operations of saline land agriculture, tidal flat aquaculture, and marine ranching cannot satisfy the developmental requirements of modern agriculture in coastal zone. It is therefore urgent to ascertain the impact mechanism and regulation approach of ecological connectivity between land and sea, utilize advanced facilities and engineering technology, and establish a new model of ecological farm and ranch in coastal zone based on ecosystem management concept. Taking the Yellow River Delta as an example, the current situation and issues of coastal environment and resources were analyzed. Based on the present situations and requirements of saline land development and marine ranching industry in coastal zone, the author discussed the construction concept, construction contents, scientific questions, key technology and development approach to coastal ecological farm and ranch, so as to provide references for the protection and sustainable utilization of coastal zone in China

Precious marine product fishing and visual monitoring device

本实用新型公开一种海珍品捕捞及可视监测装置，光源照射到目标上，采集单元的图像采集模块对目标进行图像信号的采集，采集的图像信号经采集模块传输至上位机；上位机与控制模块进行通讯连接，控制模块发出控制指令至动力单元；抽取模块对目标进行抽取，并将抽取的目标转移到储存模块储存；采集单元中的传感器模块对水质进行测试，测试的水质参数由采集模块采集后传输至上位机；上位机通过控制模块发送控制指令至定位单元，定位单元获得的位置信号经采集模块传输至上位机。本实用新型基于水下机器人平台的海珍品捕捞系统在捕捞海珍品时采用抽取式，避免了人工捕捞的危险，同时解决纯机械臂抓取式捕捞速度慢、易损害海珍品的缺点