西沙赵述岛海域珊瑚礁鱼类物种多样性

2017年4月采用水下录像方式对西沙赵述岛潟湖内外珊瑚礁鱼类种类组成、密度和种类相似度以及造礁珊瑚覆盖率进行评估.共鉴定珊瑚礁鱼类58种,隶属于1纲3目18科37属,其中鲈形目占绝对优势,共55种,占总种类数的94.83%.潟湖内外的珊瑚礁鱼类平均密度存在显著差异,且潟湖内(1.712 3±0.273 2尾/m2)高于潟湖外(0.655 1±0.029 3尾/m2).胸斑眶锯雀鲷(Stegastes fasciolatus)、三斑海猪鱼(Halichoeres trimaculatus)、宅泥鱼(Dascyllus aruanus)和栉齿刺尾鱼(Ctenochaetus striatus)为西沙赵述岛的主要鱼类,前3种主要分布在潟湖内,而栉齿刺尾鱼主要分布在潟湖外.潟湖内外珊瑚礁鱼类的种类相似性系数为0.29,属于中等不相似.潟湖内外的造礁珊瑚覆盖率分别为(7.98±9.91)%和(12.35±6.21)%,不存在显著差异.调查区内珊瑚礁鱼类以小型种类为主,珊瑚礁鱼类中食用价值高的石斑鱼科和鹦嘴鱼科的鱼类密度均不高,这可能与日渐退化的珊瑚礁生态功能和日益增加的人类活动相关.海南省重大科研计划项目(ZDKJ2016013);;农业农村部渔业渔政管理局项目(171821301354051007);;国家海洋局项目(220203993022761133

Characterization of NSE monoclonal antibodies and establishment of a double-antibody sandwich ELISA assay

通讯作者，E-mail: xtli@ xmu.edu.cn 作者简介: 丁焕弟( 1985 年－ ) ，女，在读硕士，主要从事抗肿瘤单克 隆抗体及诊断试剂盒的研究，E-mail: dinghuandi1125 @163.com。[中文文摘]目的:制备并鉴定NSE(Neuron-specific enolase)单克隆抗体,建立可检测NSE蛋白的双抗夹心ELISA方法。方法:用本实验室已表达纯化的NSE融合蛋白免疫BALB/c小鼠,采用杂交瘤技术制备单克隆抗体。采用WB、IP、IF、IHC等方法对获得的NSE单抗进行鉴定及亚型检测。利用辣根过氧化物酶标记纯化后的NSE单抗,建立一个可检测NSE蛋白的双抗夹心ELISA法。结果:通过分析和鉴定,选定2株可稳定分泌抗NSE抗体的杂交瘤细胞株,效价达4.2×107～6.5×107,亚型为IgG2b。免疫印迹结果显示,该抗体不仅能识别细胞内源NSE蛋白,还能识别分泌到细胞培养上清液中的NSE蛋白,此外还可用于免疫荧光及免疫组化检测。文中所建立的双抗夹心ELISA法,最低检测极限为8.85 ng/ml。结论:成功获得了效价高、灵敏度好及特异性强的NSE单抗,建立了一个双抗体夹心ELISA检测系统,具有良好的临床应用前景。[英文文摘]Objective: Preparation and characterization of monoclonal antibodies against NSE protein，and establishment of a double-antibody sandwich ELISA assay． Methods: BALB/c mice were immunized by using purified recombinant NSE，and monoclonal antibodies were generated by hydridoma technique． These antibodies were characterized with ELISA，Western blot，Immunofluorescent and Immunohistochemical staining． The isotypes of these antibodies were determined with an antibody isotyping kit． With Horseradish Peroxidase labelled NSE monoclonal antibody，we were able to establish a double-antibody sandwich ELISA to detect NSE protein． Results: Two positive hybridoma cell lines were selected for test，the titers of these two monoclonal antibodies could reach 4． 2 × 107 －6. 5 × 107，and their isotypes were IgG2b． Our NSE antibodies could detect not only endogernous NSE protein from cells，but also secreted NSE protein from cells in culture medium by Western blot，in addition，they could be used for immunofluorescent and immunohistochemical staining． The minimum amount of NSE protein could be detected by this double-antibody sandwich ELISA was 8． 85 ng /ml． Conclusion: Our NSE monoclonal antibodies achieved good sensitivity and specificity with high titers，and we established a doubleantibody sandwich ELISA assay which could be used for clinical test in future．福建省科技重点项目(编号项目No.2011Y0050); 厦门市科技计划项目(No.3502Z20123009

Wall Slip and Flow Characteristics of Gas-Liquid-Solid Phase Coupling Flowing in Horizontal Pipelines

To investigate the multiphase coupled flow characteristics and apparent wall slip phenomenon in horizontal pipes, air-hydraulic oil-solid mixtures flowing in 50 mm-diameter and 32 mm-diameter pipes are tested. The results show that the critical liquid velocity corresponding to the transformation of the flow structure is between 0.75 and 1 m/s. Compared to the liquid-solid flow, the injection of gas has a drag reduction effect, to a certain extent. However, with an increase in the superficial gas velocity, the relative slip contribution first increased and then decreased. Moreover, the pressure gradient and wall slip velocity of the gas-liquid-solid coupling flow were sensitive to the superficial velocity of the gas and liquid phase and the phase volume fraction, as well as pipe conditions, including the diameter and roughness. Finally, on the basis of theoretical and experimental data, a wall slip model is proposed to predict the apparent wall slip velocity and pressure gradient in gas-liquid-solid coupled flow. The model shows that the apparent wall slip effect is promoted under the condition of a low volume fraction of the dispersed phase. Compared with the experimental data, the prediction results of the model are acceptable

Three-dimensional interface structures and characteristics in a stratified gas-liquid pipe flow

In this study, the air-water flow in a pipe with a diameter of 100 mm was tested to investigate the threedimensional (3D) interfacial characteristics of gas-liquid stratified flow in horizontal and slightly inclined pipes. The gas-liquid stratified flow interface exhibited a nonflat phenomenon (concave or convex). In particular, this phenomenon was verified by the transformation of the interface shape when the gas-liquid ratio exceeded 200 and 5 in the horizontal and inclined pipes, respectively. Compared with the flow in the horizontal pipe, the liquid holdup gradually decreased with an increase in the inclination angle in the downward stratified flow, and liquid height changes at the center was slight; however, the convex interface shape was obvious. In addition, the interface exhibited regular fluctuations in the flow direction under fixed operating conditions. Therefore, the hypothesis of a nonflat interface for stratified flow was proposed based on the experimental phenomena, and the interface shape function and flow equations were constructed to predict the degree of interface bending and critical conditions for gas-liquid stratified flow by analyzing the theoretical and influencing factors. The acceleration pressure drop was introduced to quantitatively characterize interfacial fluctuations in the flow direction; therefore, a modified model for nonflat stratified flow was developed. The proposed model could characterize the interface features in both the cross-sectional and flow directions of the pipe and provided a solution for the 3D interface of stratified flow. A comparison with the experimental results revealed that the proposed model performed the prediction satisfactorily. By solving the proposed model, the interfacial information in the pipe cross section and flow direction can be effectively predicted

Ga-Fe_3O_4的室温合成和谱学表征

采用氧化-沉淀法在室温下合成了不同Ga含量的Ga取代磁铁矿,并对上述产物进行了IR,XRD,Mossbauer等谱学解析和磁滞回线的测量。结果表明：Ga取代磁铁矿的生成可能经过Ga取代的绿锈中间体,但这种中间体在热N2干燥的条件下就能转化成产物磁铁矿;随Ga进入尖晶石结构中,产物的XRD分析表明其晶面间距减小,IR光谱分析表明标志MT—O—MO的振动吸收峰向高波数移动。少量的Ga进入尖晶石结构优先占据A位,且初始溶液中含有少量Ga^3＋能一定程度抑制非磁性的Fe2O3的生成;随Ga含量的增加,其进入B位的趋势增加