基于SP法的旅游者景点选择需求偏好与规划应对

旅游者景点选择的需求偏好是旅游行为研究的一个重要内容。现有文献对旅游者需求偏好关注不足且缺少自下而上的量化方法和模型支撑。文章采用陈述性偏好法(SP)研究鼓浪屿旅游者对旅游景点的需求偏好,并为规划应对提供决策建议。主要结论为:鼓浪屿旅游者最喜欢的景点类型是音乐文化,其次是自然风光、万国建筑和名人轶事,旅游者为相应类型景点的\"愿意支付价格\"分别为34元、30元、25元和15元;旅游者为减小每一级拥挤程度的\"愿意支付价格\"为38元;鼓浪屿上大多数的景点门票价格高于旅游者的期望;由于旅游设施不足以及过度商业化,原本被寄予厚望的景点并没有引起旅游者的太多关注,旅游者在进入景区前对旅游体验的预期与实际情况存在明显落差。国家自然科学基金项目“基于行为分析的景区人流模拟与空间优化—GPS与问卷结合的研究”(41671141);;福建省自然科学基金项目“游客景点选择行为导向的景区服务设施布局方法”(2015J01226);;厦门大学中央高校基金项目“地图空间-认知空间-行为空间的作用机理及景区优化方法”(20720170046);;厦门市科技局项目“面向三维环境和大数据的旅游心理容量测算方法与规划设计平台(3502Z20183005)共同资助~

The Causes and Countermeasures of High Housing Prices in China from the Perspective of Supply and Demand

中国住房价格的持续高涨,已经引起决策者和学者们的广泛关注。本文结合我国的特殊国情,从政府、开发商和居民购房心理等角度出发,从供给和需求两方面分析高房价成因。分析发现:政府对土地的垄断,“招拍挂“制度等是供给层面造成高房价的五大原因。快速城市化、房价只涨不跌的预期等是需求层面造成高房价的五大原因。基于此,针对性地提出调控房价的对策建议。The high housing prices in China has drawn extensive attention of scholars and policy makers.The paper is based on the special national conditions of our country and from the view of government,developers,residents' purchasing psychology,etc.It analyses the causes of high housing prices from the perspective of supply and demand.It finds 5 supply-side causes like government monopoly on land," biding auction" regulation and 5 demand-side causes like rapid urbanization,the non-decreasing expectation of housing price.Based on this,it puts forward the countermeasure suggestions of the housing price.国家自然科学基金(51208444); 教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金(11YJCZH058); 福建省软科学研究项目(2011R0084)联合资

Rescaling and Scalar Politics in the‘One Belt, One Road'Strategy

目前,"一带一路"已成为中国的核心发展战略之一。借鉴尺度重构和尺度政治理论,分析"一带一路"战略的内涵、影响和风险。研究发现"一带一路"战略重构了现有的国家角色和地域形式,催生了以跨国基础设施为基础、以资本和经贸合作为支撑的新尺度。该尺度一方面被国际和国内的资本和权力关系不断重构,另一方面也在重构着现有的权力关系和资本积累过程。还从尺度政治视角出发探讨了"一带一路"战略中的风险因素。在国际层面,中国既面临着基于多边国际关系和地方抵抗的尺度上推力量,也面临着基于旧有边界和尺度化表达的尺度下推因素。在国内,"一带一路"战略既面临着地方政府基于政策争夺和地方保护主义产生的重复建设问题,也存在疆独势力等通过国际联系复杂化地方趋势的风险。为了更好地推行"一带一路"战略,中国必须积极应对这些尺度政治的挑战,深入研究尺度政治的机制和破解之道,努力化解海外投资、国际合作和地方治理中的风险。‘One Belt, One Road'(OBOR) was proposed by President Xi Jinping in 2013 when he visited Kazakhstan and Indonesia. It is now the core regional development strategy in China. A series of studies(mainly in Chinese) have been conducted to provide the contextual knowledge or suggestion for this strategy. However,a theoretical examination of OBOR remains at the very superficial level among existing scholarship. This study aims to analyze the nature and impacts of OBOR from the perspective of rescaling and scalar politics,with a balanced consideration on the political geographical mechanisms and potential risks for promoting OBOR. It is argued that OBOR reshapes the roles and territoriality of Chinese state and produces a number of new geographical scales based on construction of international infrastructure, capital flows and trade cooperation. Specifically, the state power is re-territoralized through forming new international organizations and investing in the international infrastructure; the importance of some large cities are also highlighted as the nodes of OBOR. In other words, the inter-national processes are embedded in sub-national regions or new state spaces, confirming the previous theories on‘localization'. The rescaling strategies enable China to gain more influence on Eurasian geo-political and economic processes and more space to accelerate its capital accumulation.This echoes Lefebvre's arguments that the spatial fix of urban growth is based on scalar fixes. Therefore, it is interesting to note that the scale and power relations are mutually constructed. On the one hand, scale is produced and reconstructed by both international and domestic political powers and capitals; on the other hand,the rescaling processes have great impacts on the existing power relations and capital accumulation. The perspective of scalar politics suggests that there are some potential hindrance and risks behind this new initiative.At the international level, China is not only facing complex up-scaling forces related to the multilateral and international relations and local unrests, but also confronting the down-scaling forces based on the existing boundary and scalar discourses. At the domestic level, OBOR may lead to excessive competition, over accumulation and repeated construction due to local protectionism determined by the political promotion system in China. Some potential risks may also be caused by Xinjiang separatists, who can get supports easier than with the further opening of China to the rest of the world in the OBOR strategy. China must cope with these scalar politics actively in order to promote "one belt one road" strategy. This research has much policy implication for Chinese government to smooth the mechanisms of scalar politics on internationalization and reduce the potential risks of oversea investment, inter-national cooperation and regional governance. This aticle also furthers the understanding of scale in human geography by integrating discussions of rescaling and scalar politics from different sub-disciplines.国家自然科学基金项目(40701041;51208444);; 教育部人文社会科学研究基金项目(12YJAGJW007;11YJCZH058);; 中央高校基本科研业务费(20720140519)资助~

教育资源可达性对住房价格的影响——厦门案例

在我国,城市居民对子女教育质量的重视程度与日俱增。伴随着划片入学政策的全面推广和严格执行,教育资源(尤其是优质教育资源)的争夺日渐激烈。由于"租购不同权"的制度安排,购买学区房成为获取优质教育资源的必要手段。教育资源可达性对住宅价值的影响引起了社会的强烈关注。为更加系统全面地反映教育资源可达性,本文采取和比较了三种空间可达性的测度方式(最近距离、累积机会和设定虚拟变量)。接着,基于厦门岛430个住宅小区样本,建立特征价格模型,实证分析教育资源可达性对住房价格的影响。结果表明:(1)教育资源可达性,尤其是优质教育资源可达性,正向影响住宅价格;(2)1公里范围内幼儿园和小学的数量每增加10%,住宅价格分别提高1.39%和1.59%;(3)划片小学和派位中学的质量已资本化入住宅价格:划片小学和派位中学的质量每提高1个单位,住宅价格分别上升7.90%和5.55%;(4)较之幼儿园和中学,居民愿意为小学支付更高的价格;(5)控制教育质量的影响之后,可达的教育数量(反映文化和教育氛围以及伴生的商业氛围以及和谐的生活环境)仍显著影响住宅价格。这一点在现有研究中很少提到。根据以上发现,本文认为将优质公共教育资源与住房产权挂钩的"租售不同权"的制度安排加剧了学区房资源的竞价和按照收入等级分割居住区享受公共资源配置。厦门大学中央高校基本科研业务费(20720190017)资

鼠腹腔中弓形虫的增殖发育及S.D.对其的影响

对鼠腹腔中弓形虫速殖子的增殖发育的方式、过程及 S.D.对其的影响作了详细的考察 ,结果表明弓形虫的无性生殖方式有内二裂殖、纵二裂殖、裂殖生殖等 ,虫体以鼠腹腔内巨噬细胞的胞壁作为假包囊壁在其中增殖发育 ,经过 72 h的增殖生长 ,虫体成熟后突破假包囊逸出 ,S.D.可部分抑制速殖子增殖

Content identification and optimization strategies of legal spatial planning system for airport-related economic zones

伴随临空经济的高速发展,空港经济区逐渐成为带动城市实现跨越增长的生力军。鉴于当前中国空港经济区发展不成熟、理论研究散乱、规划实践不成体系、不同类型的规划相互分割与各自为政等现实状况,本文通过系统文献梳理与项目实践研究,对空港经济区内涵与特征进行深入辨析,提出广义空港经济区的概念。并基于现状纷繁、多类别的空港经济区规划,系统梳理与介绍“城市总体规划—空港经济区总体规划—空港经济区控制性详细规划—空港经济区修建性详细规划“的多层次法定空间规划体系。进而结合当前规划实践,总结分析各层次法定规划的主要内容与要点。最后,提出明晰空港经济区功能定位、预留产业空间、配套跟进服务设施、建立高级别管理机构及实现职住平衡五方面发展建议。Along with the rapid development of airport economy, airport- related economic zone(AEZ) is becoming a vital force for promoting urban growth.At present, AEZ in China is characterized by early stage of development and there is a general lack of systematic theoretical research and planning practices; different types of planning lack of necessary coordination.Through a literature review and empirical research, this study differentiates and analyzes the connotations and characteristics of AEZ, and puts forward the concept of generalized AEZ.Based on the numerous, multiple types of existing AEZ planning, this study summarizes the AEZ-related Chinese legal spatial planning system(urban master planning—comprehensive planning of AEZ—regulatory planning of AEZ—site planning of AEZ).Combining with the current planning practices, this article identifies and analyzes the important contents of different levels of spatial planning.In the final part, it puts forward five suggestions: clarifying the functional position of AEZ; reserving industrial space; improving service facilities; setting up a high- level management bureau; and achieving a health balance between work space and housing.国家自然科学基金青年项目(51208444); 教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(11YJCZH058); 中央高校基本科研业务费项目(20720140519

托伐普坦治疗心力衰竭患者的疗效及安全性评价

目的评价新型利尿剂托伐普坦对于治疗心力衰竭患者的有效性及安全性。方法通过制定详细的检索方式,从Embase数据库、Cochrane数据库及Pubmed数据库中截取至2017年5月的数据。结果共纳入16个研究项目,包含6 233名患者。Meta分析结果显示,托伐普坦组相比对照组能显著增加患者的尿量、减轻患者的体质量、提高血清钠浓度,两组比较的差异有统计学意义;托伐普坦不增加心力衰竭患者的全因死亡率和血清肌酐水平,与对照组相比的差异无统计学意义。结论托伐普坦可用于治疗心力衰竭患者,且安全性较好

交易成本视角下深圳生态线内社区的改造困境和策略

生态控制线是生态空间管控的重要举措之一,也是保护城市生态环境和提升生态环境质量的有效手段。但是,由于复杂的产权纠纷和历史遗留问题,它的划定在实际操作过程中面临着诸多挑战。妥善处理生态线内已建社区和合理进行社区改造已成为重要议题。本文以深圳市为例,系统梳理生态线内社区的特征,并引入交易成本的概念,分析生态线内社区改造过程中政府、社区、居民和开发商等利益主体的成本与收益,指出生态线内社区改造的难点在于交易成本过高以及收益与成本缺口巨大,并在此基础上提出一系列针对性的改造策略,以期更好地推进生态线内社区改造,逐步完成生态修复工作,更好地实现生态价值与社会经济价值,并为其他城市提供借鉴和参考

纳氏测氨法半定量诊断HP感染的方法及其应用

对纳氏测氨法尿素酶试验（ＮＵＴ法）进行半定量标准化后，进一步建立了纳氏测氨半定量诊断人胃粘膜中幽门螺杆幽（ＨＰ）感染程度的方法，使ＮＵＴ法可同时用于定性及半定量诊断ＨＰ感染及感染程度．对经过半定量检测的３５０例患者作分析，显示轻、中、重度感染比率分别为５４．６％、３４．０％及１１．４％，另对其中１８２例慢性浅表性胃炎进行病变程度与ＨＰ感染程度的相关性分析，表明慢性浅表性胃炎的病变程度与ＨＰ的感染程度呈明确的正相关性（ｐ＜０．０５），提示胃部疾病的恶性演变尚与感染程度有关

ANALYSES ON LDH ISOENZYME AND PROTEIN FROM BOTH GUANGDONG STRAIN AND FUJIAN STRAIN OF ECHINOCHASMUS FUJIANENSIS

目的　探讨福建与广东两地福建棘隙吸虫生化特点。方法　用不连续聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳及薄层等电聚焦电泳等进行比较分析虫体乳酸脱氢酶 (LDH)同工酶和蛋白质。结果　福建与广东两地虫株都有 5种LDH同工酶 ,其中LDH1、LDH4 和LDH5的迁移率相同 ;蛋白质电泳都分离出 9条区带 ,其中有 7条带的等电点相同。但在LDH2 和LDH3 的迁移率 ,蛋白质区带的相对含量 ,同工酶的总活力与比活力 ,以及A和B亚基的含量等存在差异。结论　LDH同工酶与蛋白质的某些差异 ,可归因为基因型相似条件下所出现两地虫株生化遗传上差异Aim\ Inguired into the biochemical characteristrics of Echinochasmus fujianensis found in Fujian and Guangdong provinces. Methods\ Compared and analysed two strains by LDH isoenzyme eletrophoresis, discontinuous PAGE and thinlayer isoelectric equilibrium PAGE.Results\ Two strains both had five LDH isoenzyme, among them, LDH\-1、LDH\-4 and LDH\-5 had the same mobilities. There were nine bands in protein electrophoresis. Seven bands had the same isoelectric point.But there were differences in the mobilities of LDH\-2 and LDH\-3,the comparative amount of protein bands, total and specific activity of isoenzyme and the amount of A and B subunit. Conclusion Under the similar condition of genotypes, the differences of the biochemical inheritance can be contributed to the differences of LDH isoenzyme and protein.福建省科技计划基金资助项目!(No.98-Z-156);; 福建省“百千万人才”人选培养资金资助项