Physiological effects of methmidophos and phoxim on Porphyra haitanensis

In this paper, the effects of methmidophos and phoxim with different concentrations and schedule on soluble protein content and chlorophyl a (Chla) content in Porphyra haintanensis were studied under experimental and ecological conditions. The results showed as follows: (1) there were some time-effect and dose-effect relationships between the pollutants and Chla contents. The Chla content of most of groups decreased with the increasing of dose and prolonging of the exposure time. In the same concentration, the toxicities of phoxim to Chla content was stronger than that of methmidophos. (2) All concentration groups in this study didn't show the significant time-effect and dose-effect relationships between pollutants and the soluble protein. And there was no significant difference of the soluble protein content among various groups.福建省重大科技项目(2001Z017

Y型聚乙二醇干扰素琢-2b注射液治疗HCV基因2/3型慢性丙型肝炎患者疗效和安全性的多中心随机对照试验研究

目的以标准剂量的聚乙二醇干扰素(Peg IFN)α-2a联合利巴韦林作为阳性对照,评价新型试验药物Y型Peg IFNα-2b注射液联合利巴韦林治疗2型/3型慢性丙型肝炎(CHC)患者的疗效和安全性。方法采用多中心、随机开放、阳性药对照的Ⅲ期临床试验,筛选符合要求的2型/3型CHC患者,按照2:1的比例随机分配到Y型Peg IFNα-2b组和Peg IFNα-2a组,同时口服利巴韦林,疗程24 w,停药随访24 w。采用Abbott Real Time HCV Genotype II检测HCV基因型,采用Cobas Taq Man实时定量PCR法检测血清HCV RNA水平。详细记录不良事件。主要疗效指标为持续病毒学应答(SVR),并进行非劣效检验。结果本试验实际入组2型/3型CHC患者255例,实际治疗241例。全分析集(FAS)数据显示,158例试验组和83例对照组患者SVR分别为85.4%(95%CI 79.94%~90.94%)和79.5%(95%CI 70.84%~88.20%,P=0.2402);对符合方案分析集(PPS)人群分析显示,试验组和对照组患者SVR分别为87.9%(95%CI 82.45%~93.27%)和85.9%(95%CI 77.82%~94.01%,P=0.7060),率差的95%可置信区间均符合非劣效标准;对PPS人群分析显示,85.8%受试者获得了早期病毒学应答(RVR),RVR的阳性预测值为90.1%;试验组和对照组不良事件发生率相似,分别为95.6%和95.2%,严重不良事件发生率分别为3.8%和3.6%。结论应用Peg IFNα联合利巴韦林治疗2型/3型CHC患者,新型试验药物Y型Peg IFNα-2b具有与对照药物Peg IFNα-2a相似的疗效和安全性。国家科技部“十二五”重大专项(编号:2012ZX10002-003)；“重大新药创制”十二五科技重大专项(编号:2012ZX09303019)

Study on Biochemical Effect of Cu~(2+) and Cd~(2+) on Porphyra haitanensis

研究了不同浓度(0.1、0.5、1.0、10、20 mg/L)和不同培养时间(12、24、48、72 h)下,重金属(Cd2+和Cu2+)对坛紫菜(Porphyra haitanensis)核酸(RNA和DNA)含量、过氧化物酶(POD)活性的影响.结果表明:1)10、20 mg/L Cd2+、Cu2+暴露,POD活性先上升(48 h前)后下降(48 h后),其它浓度组POD活性均随污染时间的延长而升高.24、48、72 h均出现比较良好的剂量 效应关系.2)Cd2+和Cu2+对RNA、DNA含量的影响基本上表现为先上升后下降的时间效应关系,同一污染物浓度越大越早出现下降.同时出现随暴露剂量的增加,RNA、DNA含量先上升后下降或全部下降的剂量 效应关系.Effects on nucleic acid (RNA and DNA) content and peroxidase (POD) activity of Porphyra haintanensis exposed to bivalent cadmium (Cd~(2+)) and bivalent copper (Cu~(2+) ) at concentrations of 0.1,0.5,1,10,20 mg/L were studied in experimental conditions.Samples were taken after exposure for 12 h,24 h,48 h and 72 h.Time-effect and dose-effect relationships of the nucleic acids and POD were investigated.The results showed:1)In groups exposed to 10 mg/L or 20 mg/L Cd~(2+) and Cu~(2+),the POD activity increased at first 48 hours,then decreased during the prolonging of the exposure time.In other dealing groups exposed to lower concentration of two heavy metals,POD activity increased throughout the exposing time.2)With the prolonging of exposure time, the effects of Cd~(2+) and Cu~(2+) on RNA and DNA contents in all group showed similar way:the content first increased and then decreased.And the higher the concentrations of the same pollutant,the earlier the decrease turned up.At the same time,there were significant dose-effect relationships between pollutants and RNA and DNA contents.The contents of nucleic acids increased first,then decreased or decreased completely with concentrations of two heavy metals increased.福建省重大科技项目(2001Z017

Effects of two organophoshporus pesticides on nucleic acid of Porphyra haitanensis

在实验生态条件下研究了不同浓度、不同时间甲胺磷、辛硫磷暴露对坛紫菜 (Porphyrahaitanensis)核酸 (RNA和DNA)含量的影响。结果表明,随着污染时间的延长 ,所有污染物对RNA、DNA含量的影响基本上表现为先上升后下降的时间效应关系 ,同一污染物浓度越大就越早出现下降。同时出现随暴露剂量的增加 ,RNA、DNA含量先上升后下降或全部下降的剂量 -效应关系。This paper considers the impact on the RNA and DNA of Porphyra haintanensis when exposed to different concentrations and exposure durations of methmidophos and phoxim in both experimental and ecological conditions. The results show signiticant dose-dependant relationships between pollutants and RNA and DNA content. As the dose increases both RNA and DNA amounts initially increase before then decreasing.福建省重大科技项目(2001Z017

A Primary Validation of Remote AVHRR SST in Taiwan Strait and Its Vicinity

采用现场走航数据与站点观测数据分别对台湾海峡及其邻近海域的高(1.1 km、每天)、低(9 km、月平均)时空分辨率遥感AVHRR MCSST和PFSST产品进行检验.结果表明,MCSST和PFSST产品与两种现场资料在时空变化趋势上都有着很好的一致性,相关系数的平方(R2)在0.68以上.高分辨率MCSST精度为(0.11±0.97)℃,与美国沿岸海域验证精度相当,达到当前国际上利用NLSST算法反演LAC数据所能达到的水平.虽然低分辨率PFSST在探测强烈的温度梯度时存在不足,趋向于削弱实际的温度锋.但总体来看,AVHRR SST遥感数据可适用于分析台湾海峡及其邻近海域温度场的时间变动趋势及空间变化特征.To estimate the accuracy of remote sensing SST in Taiwan Strait and its vicinity,the high(1.1 km,daily) and low(9 km,monthly) spatial-temporal resolution remote sensing AVHRR SST data are validated with the underway mapping SST and in-situ SST measured by CTD.Results of validation show that: both high and low resolution AVHRR SST products are consistent with two kinds of in-situ SST data.The accuracy of low resolution AVHRR PFSST is(0.09±1.40)℃ when compared with in-situ SST measured by CTD,which is the lowest of three comparison.The accuracy of high resolution AVHRR MCSST derived from local algorithm is(0.11±0.97)℃.This accuracy is equivalent with that of the SST products derived from LAC data with the NLSST algorithm.In upwelling zone of summer and warm-cold water fronts of winter,there is great difference between the low resolution PFSST and two kinds of in-situ SST data.The low resolution PFSST seems to weaken the actual SST fronts when it is used to detect these strong temperature gradient.However in conclusion,remote AVHRR SST data are fit to analyze the temporal and spatial variation of SST in Taiwan Strait and its vicinity.国家自然科学基金重点项目(40331004)资

50型轮胎式装载机异常噪声故障诊断

某单位生产的轮胎式装载机在出厂试车时发现部分装载机有异常噪声。通过对有异响和无异响装载机在不同转速下进行的噪声对比测量、分析及计算,查出了异常噪声原因,提出诊断意见和建议措施,使问题得以解决

Adsorption Performance of Arsenic(Ⅲ) in Water on Hyperaccumulating Plant-Pteris vittata

采用流动注射-氢化物发生-电热石英管原子吸收光谱法研究了超富集植物蜈蚣草对水中As(Ⅲ)的吸附行为。探讨了蜈蚣草的前处理方法、溶液pH值、吸附时间、吸附剂用量、As(Ⅲ)浓度和溶液体积等因素对蜈蚣草吸附As(Ⅲ)的吸附率的影响。结果表明,以50 mg经2 mol.L-1HCl洗脱处理后的蜈蚣草粉末为吸附剂,在pH为2.0、As(Ⅲ)浓度为20 ng.mL-1、溶液体积50 mL、吸附时间15 min条件下,蜈蚣草对As(Ⅲ)的吸附率可达86.1%,水中残余As(Ⅲ)仅为2.8 ng.mL-1。本法成本低廉、操作简便,可望直接用于地下水中As(Ⅲ)的去除。The adsorption performance on As(Ⅲ) in water with Pteris vittata(hyperaccumulating plant) was studied.The concentration of As(Ⅲ) in water was determined by flow injection-hydride generation-atomic adsorption spectrometry(FI-HG-AAS).The influence factors,including the pre-treatment of Pteris vittata,pH value,concentration of adsorbate,sample volume,adsorption time and amount of adsorbent were studied.The adsorption ratio of 20 ng/mL As(Ⅲ) with Pteris vittata(L) which was pre-treated by 2 mol/L HCl was 86.1% and the residual concentration of As(Ⅲ) was reduced to 2.8 ng/mL under the optimum conditions.The method was economical,manipulated simple and convenient,which could be used to remove As(Ⅲ) of groundwater directly,and met the standards of drinking water made by EU,EPA and WHO.国家自然科学基金(No.40506020

Feeding habit of Erisphex potti from Changjiang Estuary and adjacent sea in spring

采用碳氮稳定同位素技术和聚类分析法对春季长江口及其邻近海域虻(Erisphex potti)的饵料组成、摄食随体长的变化进行研究,结果表明:(1)虻的食物由大于900μm的浮游动物、细螯虾(Leptochela gracilis)、太平洋褶柔鱼(Todarodes pacificus)、双喙耳乌贼(Sepiola birostrata)、火枪乌贼(Loligo beka)、日本枪乌贼(Loligojaponica)、脊腹褐虾(Crangon affinis)和仔稚鱼组成,优势饵料为浮游动物,其重量贡献率为69%~75%。(2)虻的食物组成及摄食量在体长为60mm时发生较大变化,脊腹褐虾、仔稚鱼及软体动物等饵料对体长大于60 mm的虻的贡献率增大,增幅为1%~12%。In order to assess the relative trophic importance of the spotted velvetfish in Changjiang Estuary and adjacent sea in summer,carbon(δ~(13)C) and nitrogen(δ~(15)N) stable isotope ratios were determined in spotted velvetfish and its potential food sources.Based on an organism's stable isotope ratios are an integration of the isotopic signatures of food sources that have been assimilated through time.The δ~(13)C and δ~(15)N values showed that the spotted velvetfish's food sources were composed of plankton >900 μm,Leptochela gracilis,common squid,Lantern cuttlefish,Beka squid, Common Japanese squid,larvae and juvenile and Japanese sand shrimp.plankton >900 μm was the most important food source,accounting for 69%-75% of the total food by weight.Food proportion of the spotted velvetfish varied among different classes of sizes.Cluster analysis dived the body lengths of the spotted velvetfish into two groups according to stable isotope ratios,>60 mm and 900 μm was 68%-87% to 75%-88% for the > 60 mm to 900 μm was the most important prey,while others were eaten occasionally by the spotted velvetfish.If the production of plankton >900 μm decrease in some cases,the spotted velvetfish would increase the other food proportion,sharing the large size food with other organisms,which would decrease the production of high trophic level organisms or shorten the length of food chain.国家自然科学基金重大项目(30490233);; 国家自然科学基金面上项目(30570293

不同生长基质对白云山国家森林公园苔藓谱系多样性的影响

本研究分析了洛阳白云山国家森林公园1 hm2样地内腐木、岩石、树干和土壤等4种不同生长基质上苔藓植物的谱系多样性,探讨了地形与光照对不同基质苔藓植物谱系多样性的影响,以及不同生境苔藓植物谱系多样性变化的原因。结果显示:样地内土壤生苔藓植物的谱系多样性最高,而树附生苔藓植物的谱系多样性最低;腐木生苔藓植物谱系多样性与坡度、冠层覆盖度和平均叶倾角显著相关;土壤生苔藓植物谱系多样性与总透光比、冠层下散射辐射以及冠层下的总直接辐射相关性显著;岩石生苔藓植物谱系多样性仅与凹凸度显著相关;而树附生苔藓植物的谱系多样性与地形和光照均无显著相关性。同时,光照与地形通过复杂的互作共同影响苔藓植物的谱系多样性

Effects of nitrate and phosphate on the biochemical composi-tion of Thalassiosira weissflogii

探讨了高营养盐条件下氮浓度及氮磷摩尔比[n(N):n(P)]异动对微氏海链藻(Thalassiosiraweissflogii)的细胞碱性活性基团含量、细胞干质量、细胞形态及细胞体中碳水化合物、蛋白质、叶绿素含量,即对细胞生命力和表面吸附力的影响。结果表明,n(N):n(P)=16时,叶绿素、碳水化合物和蛋白质含量最高,生长状况及生命力最佳,有利于金属吸收,n(N):n(P)偏离16,各组份含量均减少。碱性活性基团和藻细胞大小,当n(N):n(P)=8时最大,表面吸附金属能力最强;n(N):n(P)=64时最小,不利于金属的吸附。氮磷摩尔比对微氏海链藻细胞体主动吸收和生物吸附金属的影响不同。Thalassiosira weissflogii was cultured in high levels of nutrients, and the influence of different levels of two macro-nutrients, nitrate and phosphate on biochemical composition, including the contents of carbohydrate, protein, chlorophyll, basic function group, cell dry weight and cell shape was investigated to assess the bioactivity, surface adsorption capability, i.e., the metal uptake/adsorption ability by T. weissflogii. When the ratio of nitrate to phosphate n(N):n(P) is 16, the contents of chlorophyll, carbohydrate, and protein were the highest, its growth level and bioactivity were the best, and its ability to absorb the trace element were also outstanding. But the quantity of basic function group in cellular wall and cell size was the highest when n(N):n(P) is 8, the lowest when n(N):n(P) is 64. So, the ability for bio-absorption trace element is good when n(N):n(P) is 8, and poor when n(N):n(P) is 64. So, the influences of n(N):n(P) on the metal uptake and adsorption were quite different.国家自然科学基金资助项目(40131160735,40506020);; 福建省科技三项费用资助项目(K02093);; 福建省青年科技人才创新项目(2003J035);; 福建省教育厅A类项目(JA00233