Other Spaces in Legal Pedagogy

There is an increasing focus upon the material and metaphoric spatial dimensions of various academic disciplines, including law. This essay considers the spatial dimensions of legal pedagogy, focusing on Critical Race Theory (CRT). The essay first explains the critical program in law and how CRT grows out of it. The essay then suggests that the critical program, and especially CRT, is as much a human geographic or spatial construct as it is a social, political or historic one, and briefly describes the nature of human geography and legal geography. It next considers how metaphors for understanding CRT\u27s position in legal pedagogy are found in some of Foucault\u27s work on geography. In Des Espaces Autres ( Other Spaces ), Foucault argues that there are three distinct social spaces in society: real spaces, utopias, and heterotopias. What unites them, Foucault suggests, is a space that includes elements of all of these spaces, a space that he calls the mirror. Applying this frame, this essay posits that CRT, both the explicit courses on the topic and the discipline itself, should be re-mapped , that is, barriers to its inclusion in the broader legal pedagogy should be eliminated. In this way, CRT can function as a Foucauldian mirror rather than a heterotopia in legal pedagogy

Determination of D-ribose by ion chromatography with integrated pulsed amperometric detection

采用离子色谱-积分脉冲安培检测法(IC-IPAd)测定d-核糖,采用CArbO PACTM PA10色谱柱进行分离,60 MMOl/l nA OH溶液为淋洗液,流速0.6 M l/MIn,柱温30℃,Ed3000安培检测器,Au工作电极,TI对电极,Ag/Ag Cl复合参比电极。以外标法定量,d-核糖质量浓度为3.60~43.2Mg/l范围内峰面积呈良好的线性关系(r2=0.9999),检出限及定量限分别为0.200、0.620 ng,精密度实验的相对标准偏差(rSd)为0.524%,平均回收率为101%。因此,IC-IPAd可用于d-核糖含量的测定,且操作简便、无需衍生、分离效果好、灵敏度高。An analytical method was proposed and established for determination of D-ribose by ion chromatography with integrated pulsed amperometric detection(IC-IPAD).The separation was performed on a 250 mm×4 mm Carbo PacTM PA10 column at 30 ℃ by HPLC equipped with an ED3000 detector.The mobile phase was 60 mmol/L sodium hydroxide with a flow rate of 0.6 m L/min.The quantification was performed by an external standard approach.The concentration linear range for D-ribose was 3.60~43.2 mg/L(R2=0.9999).The relative standard deviation of precision was 0.524%.The detection and quantification limits for D-ribose were 0.200 ng and 0.620 ng,respectively.The average recovery ration for D-ribose was 101%.IC-IPAD was proved to be suitable for the determination of D-ribose with its convenience,rapidness,and sensitivity.海洋公益性专项(201105029); 国家重大科学仪器专项(2013YQ170525); 厦门市海洋经济发展专项资金项目(13CZP003HJ05

“动物酵素营养液”对母猪便秘的影响

从200头母猪中选出同一时期怀孕的母猪40头做两次试验,以验证“动物酵素营养液“对母猪便秘的影响。结果显示,A组试验,试验组便秘猪痊愈,治愈时间短,且没发现复发情况。b组试验,对照组有便秘情况发生,腹泻发病率达14.46%,仔猪死淘率达13.25%,试验组无便秘发生,腹泻发病率仅为3.125%,仔猪死淘率仅为1.56%。黑龙江省教育厅自然科学研究项目:酵素在黑龙江省养猪生产中的应用研究。项目编号为1253515

hexagonal spectral methods for direct numerical simulation of two-dimensional homogeneous isotropic turbulence and their gpu implementation and optimization

本文在六边形傅里叶分析及六边形快速傅里叶变换的基础上,提出了二维各向同性湍流直接数值模拟的对偶六边形傅里叶谱方法和六边形傅里叶谱方法,基于二维Navier-Stokes方程的涡度-速度形式,构造了两种六边形傅里叶谱方法的离散格式,设计了其快速求解算法,并且在GPU高性能平台上研制并优化了相应的数值模拟程序.根据方程的具体形式和六边形傅里叶谱方法的特点,从算法层面对方程的求解过程,尤其是非线性Jacobian项快速计算进行优化,经过优化之后,方程求解算法的计算复杂度减少了约30%;根据GPU的体系结构和数值模拟程序的功能要求,将计算模块全部设计为在GPU上运行的kernel函数,尽量避免内存与显存之间的数据拷贝,并在软件工程层面上对代码进行性能优化.优化后的GPU程序获得了高达50倍的加速比.在此基础上,我们对二维各向同性湍流进行了初步的数值模拟,并考察了在不同初始雷诺数条件下,能量和拟涡能随着时间的演变曲线.计算结果表明六边形傅里叶谱方法与传统的傅里叶谱方法一样高效精确.国家自然科学基金项目(No.91130014)资助|广东省计算科学重点实验室和广东省引进创新科研团队计算科学科研团队支持In this paper, a hexagonal spectral method and a dual hexagonal spectral method are proposed for the direct numerical simulation (DNS) of the tow-dimensional homogeneous isotropic turbulences on the basis of Fourier analysis and fast Fourier transform (FFT) on hexagons. Taking advantage of the vorticity-velocity form of the two-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations, we develop a discrete scheme of the two hexagonal spectral methods, and design their fast implementation algorithm on the GPU platform. A collection of optimizations are then made in the algorithm level for seeking the numerical solution, in particular, for evaluation the nonlinear Jacobian term. These efforts yield a reduction of 30 percent for the total computational complexity. On the other hand, a number of optimization efforts are made in the software engineering level to improve performance of our programs, such as avoiding data copy between host memory and GPU memory, increasing the parallel granularity, optimizing the storage hierarchy, merging the kernel functions. These steps finally obtain a 50-times speedup or our GPU programs in comparison to the CPU programs. With the help of our high performance GPU programs, a series of experiments are carried out for the DNS of two-dimensional homogeneous isotropic turbulences. The evolution of energy and enstrophy of turbulences with different initial Reynolds numbers are studied. Our experimental results show that the DNS results of both the hexagonal and the dual hexagonal Fourier spectral methods possess the same accuracy and efficiency as the classical rectangular Fourier spectral method

hexagonal fourier spectral method

首先,建立了晶格Fourier分析的一般理论,并具体研究了六边形区域上周期函数的数值逼近.在此基础上,提出了六边形区域上的椭圆型偏微分方程的周期问题求解的六边形Fourier谱方法,设计了相应谱格式快速实现算法,建立了Fourier谱方法的稳定性与收敛性理论.同方形区域上的经典Fourier谱方法一样,六边形Fourier谱方法可以充分利用快速Fourier变换,并具备了"无穷阶"的谱收敛速度.国家自然科学基金资助项目(10971212|91130014

新型喷头式节点抗弯性能及其幂函数模型研究

传统碗式节点作为一种典型装配式节点，常应用于大跨度空间网格结构，但因其抗弯刚度较小，使其应用范围受限。基于此，对传统碗式节点进行改进，提出了一种抗弯性能更好的喷头式节点。首先，对喷头式节点进行设计，并对喷头式节点与碗式节点进行了纯弯作用下的有限元模拟，对比了二者的抗弯性能；然后，研究了周围螺栓半径、轴向压力和轴向拉力对喷头式节点抗弯性能的影响；最后，建立了喷头式节点弯矩-转角的幂函数模型，采用模拟退火算法得到了该模型曲率系数，利用多元非线性拟合方法确定了相关的模型参数，并对幂函数模型进行了评估。结果表明，与传统碗式节点相比，新型喷头式节点的初始刚度提高了21.71倍，极限弯矩提高了5.42倍，而用钢量仅增加了15%；随着周围螺栓半径的增大，节点的初始刚度缓慢增大而极限弯矩显著增加；随着轴向压力的增大，节点初始刚度和极限弯矩也逐渐增大；增大轴向拉力会明显降低节点初始刚度和极限弯矩，当轴向拉力达到一定值时，节点会出现明显的螺栓颈缩提前现象；轴向力对节点的失效模式有较大影响；建立的幂函数模型能很好地吻合节点的实际弯矩-转角曲线，幂函数模型的各项特征参数及其影响系数拟合效果较好。所得结论可为该节点的工程应用与研究提供参考

考虑杆件缺陷的双层焊接球柱面网壳稳定性研究(英文)

双层柱面网壳的稳定承载能力通常由杆件失稳控制,而杆件中的缺陷对其临界荷载有显著影响。系统地研究了杆件缺陷、节点偏差及其二者耦合作用对不同矢跨比、不同网格数双层柱面网壳的稳定承载能力的影响程度与规律,并提出了确定杆件缺陷分布最不利分布模式的方法。主要得出如下结论:杆件中的缺陷(初弯曲、残余应力)可被等效为杆件弯曲缺陷,其形状可假设为正弦半波、幅值可取为l/400(偏安全);杆件缺陷对网壳承载能力的影响程度与网壳矢跨比、杆件长细比有密切关系,对矢跨比较大、杆件长细比较大的网壳的影响更为显著。在实际工程中,须考虑杆件缺陷的影响,否则会高估网壳的承载能力;杆件弯曲缺陷的弯曲方向会明显影响网壳稳定承载能力,对于研究的所有情况,最不利杆件弯曲缺陷的分布模式为Form4,由修正的一致缺陷模态法确定的Form1也可看作最不利杆件弯曲缺陷的分布模式,二者的极限荷载非常接近,而修正的特征缺陷模态法不能得到最不利缺陷的分布模式。对于研究的网壳来说,其稳定承载力对节点偏差不敏感

甲烷化催化剂颗粒设计与流化床强化

甲烷化工艺将煤制合成气(H2和CO)在高温高压和催化剂作用下转化为天然气(CH4),其作为液化石油气和常规天然气资源的替代和补充,可缓解我国天然气供应不足问题。CO甲烷化反应的强放热和减分子反应特性,由此引起的积碳和烧结是催化剂活性降低的两个主要因素