学生参与大学治理的价值、现实与取向

学生是大学的主体,学生参与大学治理有助于维护学生合法权益、完善大学内部治理结构、推动高校综合改革以及培养现代公民素质。然而,学生在参与大学治理上仍存在参与意识淡薄、参与程度不高、参与效用低下、权利保障机制滞后等问题。以现实剖析和经验借鉴为基础,从依法保障学生参与大学治理权利的范式、理念、主体、范畴与功能五大实践取向上进行优化设计,以此推进大学治理体系和治理能力现代化,提升高等教育的质量和水平。2016年福建省社会科学规划项目“基于大学治理体系现代化的学生参与机制研究”(FJ2016B132

企业孵化器的复杂性:分析与启示

企业孵化器作为国家创新体系的重要组成部分,其本身蕴含了内在的复杂性机理。阐述了从线性思维到复杂分析的企业孵化器认知过程,分析了企业孵化器的复杂性特征以及成因,并得出了几点关于孵化器管理的启示。其要点为:企业孵化器不仅要为在孵企业提供各种外部支持,更要建立以知识交流与共享为核心的促进在孵企业内生活力的微观机制,以提高自身成长的能力。国家软科学研究计划(2004DGQ1D110

基于在孵企业观点的孵化服务重要性评估研究

将孵化服务分为八大类共66个具体项目,通过问卷调查收集在孵企业对各项孵化服务的需求信息,采用R id it方法进行排序。发现:在孵企业对孵化器提供的各项服务的需求是有差别的,被认为最重要的服务是孵化器提供的政策法律支持和财务及融资服务;在各具体服务项目中,在孵企业钟情于容易评估的服务项目,对那些可以自行解决的简单服务和不容易在短时期内见成效的服务项目普遍不感兴趣;不同行业的在孵企业对孵化服务的需求既有共同点也存在较多差异;以成立时间为基准分成的三组在孵企业在孵化需求方面并不存在大的差别。国家软科学研究计划(2004DGQ1D110

Occurrence and Distribution of Organotin Compounds in Thais clavigera from Xiamen Coast

采用戊基化格式衍生法,gC-fPd分析了厦门港周边海域9个小岛屿分布的疣荔枝螺(THAIS ClAVIgErA)体内3种丁基锡化合物(buTylTInS)和3种苯基锡化合物(PHEnylTInS)的存在形态与分布特征.结果表明,丁基锡化合物总浓度(ΣbTS)为0.3~70.6ng.g-1,平均值为28.8ng.g-1,以一丁基锡化合物(MbT)为主.苯基锡化合物总浓度(ΣPHTS)为nd~18.8ng.g-1,平均值为7.9ng.g-1,以三苯基锡化合物为主.厦门港周边海域以丁基锡化合物为主要污染物,占到总有机锡化合物(ΣOTS)的74.3%~96.8%.疣荔枝螺体内(ΣbTS)和(ΣPHTS)呈现从厦门港内到港外逐渐降低的趋势.疣荔枝螺体内TbT和TPHT的浓度显示良好的相关关系(r2=0.7109,P<0.01),说明TPHT和TbT来源趋同,即来源于船舶防污涂料,或水产养殖污染源.与我国东南沿海港口相比,厦门海域疣荔枝螺体内丁基锡化合物的污染处于一个较低水平但比2002年有所加重.Occurrence and distribution of 6 organotin compounds including butyltin and phenyltin species were detected in Thais clavigera which were collected from 9 coastal areas sites around Xiamen Coast,by pentylized derivatization,GC-FPD.Results indicated that all Thais clavigera samples were contaminated with organotin compounds.The concentrations in Thais clavigera soft bodies varied from 0.3 to 70.6 ng.g -1 with a mean value of 28.8 ng.g -1 for butyltin compounds,and from nd to 18.8 ng.g -1 with a mean value of 7.9 ng.g -1 for phenyltin compounds,respectively.MBT and TPhT were high levels in butyltin compounds and phentyltin compounds,respectively.In addition,butyltin compounds were the dominant contaminates in all samples with high percentage from 74.3% to 96.8%.There was a significant correlation between TBT and TPhT (R2 = 0.710 9,p < 0.01).This result showed that both TBT and TPhT came from antifouling paints for ships or for mariculture nets.Compared with those data reported from the other regions around southeast coast of China,present study reveals that contaminated level of organotin compounds in Thais clavigera are relatively lower in Xiamen Coast.But it is higher than those in 2002.国家自然科学基金项目(40476048;20777060

Imposex of Thais clavigera and Cantharus cecillei in the coastal waters of Xiamen

海产腹足类性畸变以其对有机锡的敏感性、特异性和不可逆性而成为海洋有机锡污染的理想指示种。调查研究了厦门海域岩相海岸带疣荔枝螺(THAIS ClAVIgErA)和甲虫螺(CAnTHAruS CECIllEI)的性畸变情况,通过生物学指标IOI(性畸变率)、rPSI(相对阴茎发展指数)、VdSI(输精管发展指数)及SrI(性比指数)综合评价其性畸变发展程度,间接指示厦门周边海域的有机锡污染程度。研究结果发现,在采集疣荔枝螺的17个站点中有5个站点种群性畸变率为100%,其中宝珠屿种群性畸变程度最为严重,VdSI达4,采集甲虫螺的4个站点的种群性畸变率均为100%。性畸变程度较严重的种群普遍集中于厦门西港,并且表现出由港内到港外逐渐减轻的趋势,而白城、会展中心和大嶝岛等位于开阔的厦门东海域的种群性畸变程度最轻,与往年厦门西海域有机锡污染监测数据相比一致,体现出性畸变程度与有机锡污染程度及海港码头远近之间的相互关系。The degree of imposex,i.e.the imposition of male characteristics onto females,in neogastropods can be used as a sensitive and accurate biomarker to evaluate organotin contamination in coastal marine environment.Now,the imposex status in females of Thais clavigera and Cantharus cecillei in 17 sites was investigated to evaluate the organotin contamination along Xiamen Bay during 2006 and 2007.The four indices including incidence of imposex(IOI),relative penis size index(RPSI),vas deferens sequences index(VDSI) and sex ratio index(SRI) were used comprehensively to assess the imposex status in order to ascertain the extent of organotin bioavailability in Xiamen Bay.Based on this research,T.clavigera in 5 sites and C.cecillei in all survey sites exhibited the IOI of 100%.At Bao ZhuYu Islet,the imposex level was the most serious with maximum VDSI value of 4.In general,the imposex level decreased from the inner to the outer of Xiamen Western Harbour,and the populations in the open Xiamen Eastern Waters including Bai Cheng,Convention and Exhibiton Center and Dadeng Island showed a lower imposex level.These results were accordant with the concentrations of organotins in 2005.The imposex degree also increased with increasing organotin contamination and decreasing distance from shipping facilities.国家自然科学基金资助项目(40476048);厦门大学近海海洋环境科学国家重点实验室开放基金资助项目;厦门大学新世纪优秀人才计划基金资助项

骨髓间充质细胞联合PDMS支架构建移植胰岛微环境的实验研究

目的为了提高移植胰岛的活性和功能,构建适合移植胰岛生存的微环境。方法采用聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)和氯化钠晶体构建三维支架,联合骨髓间充质细胞(MSCs)、纤维蛋白和胰岛共同构建迷你\"人工胰腺\"。采用链脲佐菌素(STZ)诱导的糖尿病大鼠移植模型评价效果,将\"人工胰腺\"移植到糖尿病大鼠大网膜内,对照组行假手术,术后隔天监测移植大鼠血糖水平;数据采用t检验和曼-惠特尼U检验。结果用PDMS构建的三维巨孔支架,支架内可见大量不规则孔洞空间。胰岛和MSCs可成功装载入支架内,HE染色结果显示,支架孔内存在胰岛,胰岛周围包绕有MSCs。糖尿病大鼠大网膜内移植结果显示,移植后各时间点(1,3,5,7 d),\"人工胰腺\"移植组糖尿病大鼠血糖水平分别为(278.70±86.06) mg/dl、(323.50±44.29) mg/dl、(283.30±74.00) mg/dl、(304.80±13.33) mg/dl,较假手术对照组(606.00±52.40) mg/dl、(589.70±55.78) mg/dl、(615.00±54.84) mg/dl、(630.30±48.17) mg/dl均降低,差异具有统计学意义(t=7.96、9.15、8.82,U=0.00,P均<0.01)。结论 MSCs联合PDMS三维支架构建的微环境,可为移植胰岛提供生存的环境,为临床开展胰岛移植提供新的策略

企业孵化器投资的动机与模式：一个探索性案例研究

本文采用案例研究的方法,选取了四家典型的企业孵化器作为案例研究对象,通过半开放式的访谈和查阅公司资料等方式对企业孵化器投资的动机和模式进行了研究。结果发现,我国企业孵化器进行投资的动机有追求财务收益、未来战略导向、建立激励机制、完善孵化手段、配合战略伙伴、响应政策诱导以及主管部门或者股东的要求等7种;孵化器投资的组织形式有从附属部门向独立机构分离的趋势;孵化器投资的地理范围有逐渐扩大,专业领域范围有逐渐集中的趋势;孵化器投资与专门的风险投资以及大公司的风险投资相比,投资方式更为丰富。中国博士后科学基金(编号：20070410809)

Relationships among Entrepreneurial Self-efficacy,External Environmental Support and Performance of Newly-established High-Tech Venture:An Empirical Study Based on Tenant Companies of Business Incubators

初创科技企业的特点决定了创业者个人因素和创业环境是影响其绩效的关键因素。本研究以社会认知理论为基础,依托企业孵化器获取数据,从创业者角度对创业自我效能感、外部环境支持与初创科技企业绩效之间的关系进行了系统考察和实证分析,发现创业自我效能感对初创科技企业绩效产生直接的积极影响;外部环境支持从总体上对初创科技企业绩效也会产生积极影响,但其直接影响并不显著,该影响主要通过创业自我效能感间接施加;创业自我效能感对初创科技企业绩效的影响作用较为独立,外部环境支持对该影响的调节效应并不显著。The characteristics of new high technology ventures de-termine entrepreneur’s individual factors and external entrepreneur-ial environment are key influencing factors in their performance. This article makes definitions of entrepreneur’s entrepreneur self-efficacy and external environmental support and the performance of start up high technology ventures and then analyzes the structure dimensions of them in the abstract,discusses potential moderating effect of external environmental support during the course of entre-preneur self-efficacy effecting on the performance of new high tech-nology ventures,then puts forward several relevant theoretic hy-potheses,and sets up overall framework of this study. Based on this structure,this study testifies the theoretic hypotheses and research framework by the method of empirical analysis based on data about enterprises and entrepreneurs of 141 new high technology ventures collected from the business incubators of Shanghai,Xiamen,Ning-bo,Changsha,Jiaxing,Taiyuan in China,and then reaches three conclusions: The first is entrepreneurial self-efficacy takes positive effects on entrepreneurial performance of new high technology venture directly. The second is external environmental support also takes positive effect,but its direct effect is not remarkable,and the effect is taken though entrepreneurial self-efficacy indirectly. The third is the effect of entrepreneurial self-efficacy on entrepreneurial performance of new high technology ventures,on which the effect from external environmental support is not remarkable,and is more independent than external environmental support. The conclusions of this study put forward a different more effective approach pos-sibly supported from new high technology ventures itself,not as current prevalence approach that new high technology ventures are supported from outside,that is improving the performance of new high technology ventures through helping entrepreneurs to enhance entrepreneurial self-efficacy.中国博士后科学基金项目(20070410809)成