PEDOT∶PSS掺杂丝素蛋白复合薄膜的半导体性能

为了揭示丝素蛋白与有机半导体聚合物聚3,4-乙撑二氧噻吩:聚苯乙烯磺酸(PEDOT∶PSS)复合薄膜作为有源层的场效应,采用旋涂制膜法在重掺杂氧化硅片上制备了厚度均一、表面平整度较好的场效应...国家自然科学基金(11404272);; 中央高校基础研究基金项目(20720140514);; 福建省自然科学基金(22171024);; 国家教育部博士点专项基金(20130121110018)~

A Platform for Supporting Dynamic Update and Resource Protection in an Embedded Operating System

[[abstract]]隨著硬體的快速發展與成熟的技術，嵌入式系統的功能需求也越來越多元與複雜。近年來，許多研究著重在提供動態更新的功能。動態更新的好處在於系統不需要重新開機即可動態升級系統的功能，如此一來才不會破壞系統的狀態或是停止任何系統的服務。對於已被售出或是配置出去的嵌入式系統像是無線感測節點來說，由於我們無法一一回收並更新它的功能，動態更新的機制更顯出它的重要。 本篇論文針對LyraOS [2-7] 嵌入式作業系統實作了一個動態更新的平台，透過此平台我們可以在不用重新開機的情況下動態升級嵌入式作業系統的功能。雖然在LyraOS先前的研究成果 [6,7] 已經支援動態更新的機制，但是此機制的主要目的在於降低系統在動態更新時的負擔，並且此機制也只有支援需求下載的功能。於本篇論文中，我們更進一步的實作動態更新的平台，來支援動態更新的傳播機制和提供系統資源保護機制。當系統完成更新之後，我們平台的元件管理單元會維護這些元件以及元件的相依性，被下載的元件也可以透過元件管理單元所釋出的API，讓與它相依的元件也一併被下載並安裝至嵌入式裝置中。 由於嵌入式系統的資源通常都是有限的，例如它所擁有的記憶體或是電源都非常有限。因此，如果沒有系統資源保護功能，動態更新下載的元件有潛在的風險可能會誤用系統的資源。雖然在LyraOS過去的研究成果中也已經實作一記憶體保護的機制，此機制是使用protection domain來限制下載元件的記憶體存取權限，使它們不會去破壞到其它的元件或是系統核心的記憶體空間。而這些下載的元件可以透過呼叫system call來取得系統的服務並且可以任意獲得系統資源。於本篇論文中，我們更進一步地設計與實作了一系統資源保護單元來保護我們系統的資源。透過此機制，我們的系統會記錄元件配置了哪些系統資源，如果偵測到元件誤用了系統的資源，我們系統將會回收系統資源並把設計不良的元件從系統中移除。目前，我們的平台可以有效地回收被浪費的記憶體空間、確保critical section的正常執行和防止null pointer access。 實驗結果證明，我們的平台可以有效地支援動態更新，並且防止設計不良的元件誤用系統資源。透過我們的修改，LyraOS的kernel image size總共增加了大約10%，記憶體保護功能的額外負擔小於5微秒。為了確保critical section能夠正常地執行，系統的額外負擔大約是11微秒。處理null pointer access的額外負擔需要約13915微秒。而每一個元件下載到嵌入式客戶端需要額外花費約66微秒，從系統移除元件則需要額外花費約190微秒。[[abstract]]As the rapid development of hardware and maturity of technology, embedded systems’ functions become more and more versatile and complex. In recent years, many researches focus on providing dynamic update functionality in embedded systems. The advantage of dynamic update is that we can dynamically upgrade system’s functionality without rebooting the whole system. Thus, this update would not corrupt system’s status or stop any system services. Dynamic update mechanism is very important for embedded systems such as wireless sensor modes. When they are deployed or sold, they can not be reclaimed to upgrade their functionalities. In this thesis, we have implemented a platform that can dynamically upgrade LyraOS [2-7] embedded operating system without rebooting the whole systems. Although the original LyraOS has already supported a dynamic update mechanism [6,7], its aim is to reduce energy consumption while upgrading system’s functionality. In addition, the mechanism only supports demand loading functionality. In this thesis, we have further implemented a platform for supporting dynamic update dissemination mechanism and providing system resource protection mechanism. A component manager is developed to maintain the downloaded components and their component dependency. The downloaded components can invoke component manager exported API to download their dependent components into our platform. Embedded systems’ resources such as memory and energy are usually limited. If our platform does not support any system resource protector functionality, the downloaded components have potential risk to misuse system resources. Although the original LyraOS has supported a memory protection mechanism, it uses ARM’s hardware protection domain to restrict the memory access permission of each downloaded component. Thus, downloaded components would not corrupt the memory spaces of other components or kernel. However, downloaded components can arbitrary acquire system resources through invoking system call service. In this thesis, we have designed and implemented a system resource protection mechanism to protect our system’s resources. Through this mechanism, the embedded client will record the information of each system resource that has been allocated to components. If our system detects the misuse of system resource from an error component, it will reclaim the wasted resource and remove the error component out of our embedded client. Currently, our platform can reclaim lost memory space, ensure normal execution of critical sections, and prevent null pointer access. Experimental results demonstrate that our platform can effectively support dynamic update and prevent incautiously components to misuse our system’s resources. Our work totally increases about 10% of the size of LyraOS kernel image. The extra overhead of garbage collection is less than 5 microseconds. In order to ensure the normal execution of a critical section, the extra overhead is less than 11 microseconds. The extra overhead for handling null pointer access is about 13915 microseconds. The extra overhead for downloading a component into our embedded client is about 66 microseconds. The extra overhead for removing a component out of our embedded client is about 190 microseconds.[[note]]碩

Cognitive Graphic Design of Tactile Visual Fusion in Visually Impaired Children

目的 针对视障儿童群体认知渠道受限、感觉通道缺失导致的图形图像认知困难的问题，设计帮助他们加深理解对象，提高认知水平，增加学习趣味的辅助认知图形工具。方法 通过融合多种感觉信息的方法提高触摸图形的信息量，基于盲人的V-T-M图像认知模式，采用结构化问卷调查、结构化设计流程，对小学教材中的主要内容对象进行触视觉融合图形设计，并采用CAT同感评估技术评估设计效果。结果 设计了适用于小学视障儿童学习使用的视觉与触觉融合系列图形，显著改善了视障儿童对课文对象的认知清晰度，同时增加了他们的理解程度、想象力、学习兴趣和美感体验。结论 基于触视觉融合的图形设计在一定程度上满足了视障儿童的图形认知需求，明显改善了视障儿童对课堂学习内容的认知效果。</p

Effects of Different Atmospheric Correction Methods on Remote Sensing Monitoring Results of Ulva prolifera

HJ-1 CCD数据具有较高的时间分辨率和空间分辨率,可以实现大范围的浒苔灾害动态监测,大气校正是实现浒苔信息提取的基础,但是不同大气校正方法对同一影像的处理结果会有差异。基于黄海中南部浒苔暴发时期的环境卫星影像,采用FLAASH、6S、COST 3种方法分别对其进行大气校正处理以消除大气影响,并运用NDVI阈值法提取浒苔,通过划分多个研究区以及对光谱特征、NDVI、类间距、混合像元、阈值敏感性、提取结果等多个变化量的统计与分析,比较了3种大气校正方法在浒苔提取中的效果,为后续浒苔定量化监测提供了帮助。结果表明：在采用NDVI阈值法提取浒苔信息时,使用COST大气校正会取得良好的提取效果,其次是FLAASH大气校正方法和6S大气校正方法

固定床中邻二甲苯氧化的二维非均相模拟

采用二维非均相模型，模拟了邻二甲苯固定床氧化反应器．对于气相方程，使用CrankNicolson预测&mdash;校正格式求解，对于颗粒相方程，使用中心差分并结合迭代方法求解．比较了二维作均相模型和二维拟均相模型的差别．使用二维非均相模型，分析了原料进口温度、进料气速、进口浓度、熔盐温度和催化剂尺寸的大小对反应的影响

Spatial and temporal distribution characteristic of green tides in the Yellow Sea in 2016 based on MODIS data

本研究利用高分辨率的GF-1卫星影像对MODIS数据绿潮监测的精度进行验证,并在此基础上利用MODIS数据对2016年黄海绿潮过程进行连续动态监测,结果表明：相较于GF-1卫星影像,MODIS数据对绿潮的监测误差高于50%;2016年黄海绿潮移动路径总体呈先向北,然后沿山东半岛海岸线向东北方向移动,并最终停滞于青岛、威海附近海域;此次绿潮持续时间为80天左右,并呈现出与往年类似的“出现→发展→暴发→治理→消亡”的规律;其中“出现”的时间为5月12日,“发展”阶段时间为5月中下旬,此时绿潮主体分布于苏北浑水区,适宜前置打捞治理,当5月底6月初绿潮进入清水区之后才开始进入“暴发”阶段,本年度绿潮灾害“暴发”规模较大,对山东沿海水产养殖业及旅游业影响严重。本研究成果对于绿潮预警和防控具有科学和实际意义

Study of remote sensing monitoring and comparison of green tide in the Yellow Sea based on VB-FAH index

Most current monitoring methods are based on single remote sensing data, and thus have considerable limitations. To compensate for spatial resolution and time resolution deficiencies, multi-source remote sensing data are used to capture the green tide(large green algae-Ulva prolifera)in the Yellow Sea in 2015 and 2016. Data are then monitored and analyzed through the VB-FAH index and a manual assisted interpretation method. Monitoring results of GF-1 WFV and CBERS-04 WFI are then compared with two scene synchronous images, and results of ship monitoring and satellite image monitoring are also compared. Results show that compared with GF-1 WFV data, monitoring results of CBERS-04 WFI data produce a relative deviation of 15.3%~37.32%; this is mainly attributed to the mixed pixel effect caused by the different spatial resolution. By superimposing the monitoring results of satellite images on measured data for comparison and analysis, it is found that the relative monitoring accuracy is higher above grade III. The green tide outbreak lasts about 100 days, from late April to early May. It initially appears in the turbidity zone of the Northern Jiangsu Shoal, and external factors enable it to gradually reach suitable growth conditions. It then continues to grow until it becomes an outbreak, and then flows northwards by the Yellow Sea surface flow until it finally arrives on the southern coast of the Shandong Peninsula. July and August are the extinction stages of the green tide and by mid-August it has almost completely disappeared. Results of this study can be used to improve monitoring accuracy and provide effective information support for the prevention and control of green tide.</p

一种培养发菜细胞的方法

本发明公开了一种培养发菜细胞的方法,1.培养液的配制：将配制好的贮藏液加入水中的顺序是,硝酸钠、磷酸氢二钾、七水硫酸镁、二水氯化钙、九水硅酸钠、微量金属元素溶液PIV、土壤浸出液按比例配制；2.藻细胞匀浆的制备,首先将野生发菜丝状体用乙醇和蒸馏水洗涤,无菌培养液浸泡8-10h；其次是用玻璃匀浆器将丝状体匀浆破碎,匀浆液用于细胞培养；3.藻种无菌纯化；4.藻细胞培养；5.实时监控；6.收获；7.干燥；8.继续培养。本发明方法简单,操作方便,安全无污染,生长周期短,生产效率高,营养成分全面,营养含量高,广泛适用于城乡规模化生产培养

Assessment of ecosystem health in the Bohai Sea and countermeasures study

Based on the index system of 22 indicators including water environment, sedimentary environment, and ecosystem obtained from the investigation data of several voyages in the Bohai Sea during 2014 to 2016, the ecosystem health in the Bohai Sea was assessed using the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP)method. The results showed the CEI value of marine ecosystem health is 0.643 and its health level is medium, which indicates the ecosystem health around the Bohai Sea is in a sub-health state. The maritime areas with poor ecosystem performance were located mainly in Laizhou Bay, Bohai Bay, and its adjacent area of the Yellow River Delta. The ecosystem health of offshore waters and high-seas area nearby Tangshan, Qinhuangdao, and Huludao were generally at an intermediate level. The central study area along with Bohai Straits displayed relatively better health state. Be familiar with the assessment result, this paper performed analysis on the health stress factors in Laizhou Bay and Bohai Bay, and obtained land-based input and reclamation results. Based on these stress factors, countermeasures are studied to provide decision support in the management of the Bohai Sea