质体反向信号研究进展

细胞内由叶绿体向细胞核发送的信号被称作质体反向信号。它可以协调细胞核与叶绿体编码的基因表达,促进叶绿体发育,并且参与调控植物多种生长发育过程。近年来已经鉴定出一些参与质体反向过程的信号及其转导的组分,为研究质体反向信号的调控网络提供了新视角。本文回顾了质体反向信号的研究历史,并对质体反向信号转导途径及其参与调节生长发育进程等方面的最新进展进行概述

THE VARIATION OF BACTERIAL EXTRACELLULAR ENZYMATIC ACTIVITY UNDER THE INTERACTION BETWEEN BACTERIA AND ALGAE

报道了在实验室培养条件下塔马亚历山大藻(Alexandrium tamarense) 与几株海洋细菌之间的生态关系。实验表明, 在培养前期, 培养液中的营养成分尚足以维持藻类和细菌的生长, 细菌的加入是胞外酶活性升高的主要原因所在; 在培养的后期, 混合培养液和藻对照培养液中胞外酶活性持续升高。A. tamarense 在单独培养下,其胞外酶活性从第12 天起才有明显的提高,第16 天增加较快,达到0. 104μmol/ (L ·h) ; 至第20 天藻体衰败时,胞外酶活性达到最高水平,为0. 385μmol/ (L ·h) 。Z7 细菌单独培养时,其胞外酶活性在单独培养的2d 后有一个高峰值0.133 μmol/(L ·h), 随着培养时间的延长, 其酶活性逐渐降低。细菌Z7 和Z10 与A.tamarense 共培养下,两者胞外酶活性变化趋势相似。国家973 项目2001CB409710 号; 国家自然科学基金项目39790110 号和30070157 号

THE VARIATION OF BACTERIAL EXTRACELLULAR EN-ZYMATIC ACTIVITY UNDER THE INTERACTION BE-TWEEN BACTERIA AND ALGAE

报道了在实验室培养条件下塔马亚历山大藻 (Alexandriumtamarense)与几株海洋细菌之间的生态关系。实验表明 ,在培养前期 ,培养液中的营养成分尚足以维持藻类和细菌的生长 ,细菌的加入是胞外酶活性升高的主要原因所在 ;在培养的后期 ,混合培养液和藻对照培养液中胞外酶活性持续升高。A.tamarense在单独培养下 ,其胞外酶活性从第12天起才有明显的提高 ,第16天增加较快,达到0.104μmol/(L·h);至第20天藻体衰败时 ,胞外酶活性达到最高水平 ,为0.385μmol/(L·h)。Z7 细菌单独培养时 ,其胞外酶活性在单独培养的2d后有一个高峰值0.133μmol/(L·h) ,随着培养时间的延长 ,其酶活性逐渐降低。细菌Z7 和Z10 与A.tamarense共培养下 ,两者胞外酶活性变化趋势相似。This article reported the ecological relationship between Alexandrium tamarense and several strains of marine bacteria under laboratory cultivation condition.The result showed that at the prophase of cultivation,the addition of bacteria con- duced an increasing ofβ-glucosidase activity(βGlcA)when the nutrition in the culture medium was sufficient to maintain the growth of algae and bacteria.At the anaphase of cultivation,theβGlcA rose continually in the mixed cultivation and the control.Also the finding indicated that firstly,after12 th day in the pure culture of A.tamarense,theβGlcA rose obviously and increased to0.104mmol/(L·h)at the16 th day.Secondly,the highest level of theβGlcA(0.385mmol/L·h)has been detected at the20 th day during the decline of algae.And finally when Z 7 bacteria was cultivated sepa-rately,theβGlcA reached a peak value at2 nd day(0.133mmol/(L·h)),then begun decreasing with the time.Moreover,the variation ofβGlcA,when Z 7 and Z 10 were cultured with algae respectively,has been investigated during this research work.when国家973项目2001CB409710号;; 国家自然科学基金项目39790110号和30070157号

Developing and Testing a Nursing Teaching Quality Scale

[[abstract]]This study was aimed to develop and test a scale for nursing student evaluation of teaching quality. The conceptual model used herein was derived from system theory. The scale was developed by a group of experts in course evaluation he tool included input, process and output, as well as the psychometric properties of the measure were initially tested on a convenient sample of ninety nine students. Both the internal consistency alpha of 0.91 and the test-retest reliability of 0.81 supported the reliability of the scale. Meanwhile, the content validity and exploratory factor analysis documented instrument validity. The content validity agreement was 0.86, and exploratory factor analysis results suggested that the scale was a single factor structure, which could account for 68.96% of the variance. The scale was further tested on a random sample of 470 students recruited from a surfing college. Collected data were analyzed with SPSS 8.0 and LISREL8.0 computer software. Item analysis revealed that the coefficient of corrected item-total correlations were＞0.6(p＜.01). Meanwhile, internal consistency α was 0.95, and confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the overall structure model correlates well with the data (χ2/df=3.l6,RMR= .01,GFI= .98,NFI= .99,CN=320) . Results in this study psychometric property of the scale

Quality of Life of Primary Caregivers of Liver Cirrhosis Patients and Related Factors

[[abstract]]背景：肝硬化病人主要照顧者常面對病人疾病的合併症及反覆入院，可能出現負荷，進而影響生活品質。目的：探討肝硬化病人主要照顧者生活品質及其相關因素。方法：採相關性研究設計，問卷包括：負荷量表、因應行為量表、生活品質量表、照顧者基本屬性。以描述性及推論性統計（獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數分析、皮爾森積差相關分析以及逐步複迴歸分析）進行資料分析。結果：以北部某醫學中心肝硬化病人主要照顧者共113位為研究對象。結果發現：(1)負荷以財務負荷最高，身體負荷最低；生活品質以環境層面得分最高，以生理健康層面最低，(2)大多採取問題取向因應策略，(3)整體負荷與整體生活品質呈顯著負相關（r = -.223, p ＜ .05）。自覺健康狀況好、每日照顧時數少，其生活品質較好。照顧者「自覺健康狀況」、「財務負荷」及「每日照顧時數」三者為整體生活品質之重要預測因子（F = 52.78, p ＜ .05），可解釋總變異量的58%。結論：本研究有助於護理人員瞭解肝硬化病人主要照顧者生活品質狀況，尤其是當照顧者有較差的經濟狀況及健康狀況時，應評估其需求，以便能適時提供必要的支持與協助

The bioaccumulation of Zostera japonica for five heavy metals (Zn, Cr, Cu, Pb, Cd) at different growth stages in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea

Three distribution areas of Zostera japonica located in Liaohe Estuary (Bohai Sea), Sanggou Bay (Yellow Sea), and Dachangshan Island (Yellow Sea) were investigated to study the bioaccumulation of Z. japonica for environmental heavy metals at different growth stages. The contents of five heavy metals (Zn, Cr, Cu, Pb and Cd) in the aboveground and belowground tissues of Z. japonica during the early growth stage (May), the full growth stage (August) and the decline stage (October), as well as the relations between heavy metal contents in seagrass tissues and that in sediments were analyzed. The heavy metal levels, except Zn, in the sediments of seagrass beds in Liaohe estuary were significantly higher than that in Dachangshan island and Sanggou bay. The contents of Pb and Zn in Z. japonica were significantly higher than those of other heavy metals. The Cd, Pb and Cu were enriched in the above-ground tissues of Z. japonica with the highest bioconcentration factor for Cd was 37.18, but Z. japonica had no enrichment effects on Zn and Cr. The contents of Cu and Zn in the aboveground tissues of Z. japonica at the early growth stage showed a good linear relationship with the contents of Cu and Zn in the substrate, while the contents of Pb in the belowground tissues of Z. japonica at the decline stage had a significant correlation with the contents of Pb in the sediments. The bioaccumulation of Z. japonica for heavy metals at different growth stages can be applied for biological monitoring of heavy metal levels in the Bohai Sea and the Yellow Sea. The present results could provide important guideline for pollution regulation in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea