Abiogenous azotobacter on the body of Caloglossa leprieurii growing in Kandelia candel mangrove forest in Jiulongjiang estuary of Fujian Province

初步研究了福建九龙江口秋茄(Kandelia candel)红树林红藻鹧鸪菜(Caloglossa leprieurii)藻体异养自生固氮菌数量的季节变化和微生物区系。结果表明:鹧鸪菜上异养自生固氮细菌数量以春季最多(1.033×104cfu.g-1),冬季最少(0.567×104cfu.g-1),固氮菌的季节变化模式表现为春季>秋季>夏季>冬季;鹧鸪菜藻体氮含量也以春季最高(22.08g.kg-1),冬季最低(16.63g.kg-1),二者差异显著(Pautumn>summer>winter.The nitrogen concentration of C.leprieurii also had the same seasonal pattern,being the highest in spring(22.08 g·kg-1)and the lowest in winter(16.63 g·kg-1),which was closely related to the growth and matter accumulation of the seaweed.There was probably a kind of special cooperative relation between the azotobacter and the seaweed,which was influenced simultaneously by the environmental factors such as temperature,water,and others.The preliminary identification of isolated nine strains azotobacter showed that they were belonged to Azotobacter or Beijerinckia.国家自然科学基金资助项目(30270272

Material and Energy Conversion of Integrated 100,t/a-Scale Bio-Jet Fuel-Range Hydrocarbon Production System via Aqueous Conversion of Biomass

以农业废弃物生物质为原料，利用水相转化技术，进行了百吨/年规模生物航油类烃(C8~C15)合成试运行.过程中采用两步酸解法分别将玉米秸秆中半纤维素和纤维素转化为糠醛和乙酰丙酸，作为生物质基平台化合物.在碱性条件下糠醛与乙酰丙酸经Aldol缩合反应实现碳链增长，生成的长链含氧中间体经过低温预加氢、高温加氢脱氧及精制，生成C8~C15范围内液态烃，可作为生物航油组分.以试运行实验结果为基础，进行了过程的物质与能量转化分析.结果表明，该路线获得液态烃类的基本性质满足合成航油ASTM-7566标准要求，并充分利用了原料中纤维素和半纤维素组分，是一条基于生物质的长链液态烃合成路线，1t航油约需10~12t干基玉米秸秆

Relation between soil salinity in intertidal zone and electric conductivity

以5∶1的水土质量比浸提潮间带土壤,质量法测定的土壤盐度(质量分数),与电导法测定的稀释了5倍的土壤浸提液(5∶1水土质量比)的电导率值之间有极显著的相关性。质量法实测的土壤盐度与电导率计算的土壤盐度之间的相对误差多在5%以下。因此,用电导法测定潮间带土壤盐度不失为一种简便、快速的方法,尤其是样品数较多时更可节约时间。 【英文摘要】 There was significantly correlation between soil salinity in intertidal zone obtained by mass method (the ratio of mass of water to soil is 5∶1) and electric conductivity of extracting solution diluted five times by electric conductivity method The relative errors were almost below 5% between soil salinity measured by the mass method and the ones calculated by electric conductivity. So, electric conductivity method is a simple and rapid method for measurement of soil salinity in intertidal zone after defini...国家自然科学基金项目(30270272

关于“经济发展方式转变进程中的财税政策”的探讨(笔谈)

转变经济发展方式是当前中国的热门话题,而上海在城市发展中又肩负着率先转变的重要任务,在这一意义和背景下,2010年4月24日由上海金融学院学院主办、上海金融学院公共经济管理学院承办的“《中国城市财政发展报告2009/2010:促进‘两个中心’建设的上海城市财政》首发式暨‘经济发展方式转变进程中的财税政策’论坛“在我校举行。与会专家围绕经济发展方式转变进程中的财税政策的“趋势与目标“、“机遇和挑战“、“实施方略“和“地方实践“等四个专题进行研讨,各抒己见,智慧交锋。现将其真知灼见整理摘要与读者分享,以期待更多学者共同关注当前经济发展方式转变进程中的财税政策

时隙速率对APD直接检测接收机差错性能的影响

在光通信中,采用高调制阶数可获得高功率利用率,但同时也会导致时隙速率增大。针对于此,文章研究了时隙速率对雪崩光电二极管（APD）直接检测接收机差错性能的影响。在给出接收机模型的基础上,以脉冲位置调制（PPM）为例,推导了差错概率解析式,并分析了产生影响的根本原因。数值结果表明,时隙速率的增大减弱了系统的抗噪声性能,当误码率为10-6时,调制阶数每增加1,需要增加约1 dBm的信号接收功率

Microflora and antimicrobial activities of soil microorganisms in mangrove forests in the Jiulong Estuary,China

研究了九龙江口的秋茄(Kandeliacandel)林和白骨壤(Avicenniamarina)林两个红树林群落及其相应对照光滩土壤微生物的类群及抗菌活性.对微生物类群的研究结果表明:九龙江口红树林区土壤细菌中,芽孢杆菌(Bacillus)是最占优势的属;放线菌以小单胞菌属(Micromonospora)最具优势;其次是链霉菌属(Streptomyces),从秋茄林到白骨壤林,由于潮位降低,小单胞菌比例增加,而链霉菌比例下降;丝状真菌以半知菌占绝对优势,木霉(Trichoderma)、曲霉(Aspergillus)和青霉(Penicillum)是最常见的属;随着土壤深度的增加,微生物的类群减少,但芽孢杆菌和小单胞菌的相对比例增加;红树林土壤微生物类群比对照光滩丰富,缘于林内土壤营养与微生物的栖息条件比光滩优越.对抗菌活性研究表明:土壤真菌的抗菌活性低,抗菌谱窄;放线菌的抗菌活性高,抗菌谱宽,具有抗菌活性的放线菌多为小单胞菌,小单胞菌是一类值得重视的放线菌. 【英文摘要】 Microflora and antimicrobial activities of soil microorganisms were investigated in Kandelia candel forest, Avicennia marina forest and their corresponding mud-flats in the Jiulong Estuary, Fujian of China. The studies on microflora indicate that Bacillus is dominant genus in bacterial genera; Micromonospora is dominant genus followed by Streptomyces in actinomycete genera; increase of percentage of Micromonospora and decrease of that of Streptomyces is presented with descending tidal level from K. candel f...国家自然科学基金资助项目(30270272)

SEASONAL VARIATION OF SEVERAL NUTRIENT ELE-MENTS OF RED ALGA Caloglossa leprieuriiIN Kandelia candel FOREST IN JIULONGJIANG ESTUARY,FUJIAN OF CHINA

研究了福建九龙江口秋茄 (Kandeliacandel)红树林潮间带的红藻鹧鸪菜 (Caloglossaleprieurii)的氮、磷、钾、钠、钙与镁6种营养元素含量的季节变化。氮、磷、钾与钠均以春季含量最高 ;钙与镁分别以秋季和冬季最高。氮与磷含量冬季最低 ,钾含量秋季最低 ;钠、钙、镁均以夏季含量最低 ,6种元素含量的季节变化模式不一致。营养元素含量的季节变化表明鹧鸪菜春季富集的营养物质较多 ,与春季有较高的生物量一致。营养元素含量的季节变化反映了鹧鸪菜的生长与环境因子的季节变化。鹧鸪菜的氮、磷含量高于土壤含量 ,并明显高于水体氮、磷含量 ,说明鹧鸪菜能强烈富集环境中的氮、磷 ,因此鹧鸪菜类的大型藻类的存在可能是红树林区赤潮极少发生的原因之一。Seasonal variations ofsixnutrientelements ofred alga Caloglossa leprieurii were investigated in Kandelia candel forestin JiulongjiangEstuary,Fujian of China.The concentrations of nitrogen,phosphorus,potassiumand sodiumwere the highestin spring.However,those of calcium and magnesiumwas the highest in autumn and winter respectively.The concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus were the lowest in winter and that of potassiumwas the lowest in autumn respectively.But the least concentration ofsodium,calciumand magnesiumwere in summer.Seasonal patterns of concentrations of sixnutrientelements were different one another.Seasonal variations of concentrations of six nutrient elements indicated that the red alga C.lep-rieurii enriched abundantnutrient matters in spring,whichwere identical with accumulating higher biomass in this season.At the same time,Seasonal variations ofnutrientelements reflected seasonal changes ofgrowthofthe red alga C.leprieurii and its environmental factors.The concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus were higher in samples of red alga C.leprieurii than in ones of soil and were much more higher than in ones of water,which manifested that the red alga C.leprieurii could greatly enrich nitrogen and phosphorus fromenvironments.Therefore,it was preliminarily speculated fromthis investigation that the macroalgae such as C.leprieurii was one of the reasons why no red tide occurred in mangrove areas.国家自然科学基金资助项目30270272

无线光通信中PPM的差错编码调制研究

文章推导了基于线性分组码的脉冲位置调制（PPM）通信系统纠错后的差错概率上限,分析了差错编码的纠错能力和PPM位分辨率的参数设置对差错性能的影响,并进行了仿真。结果表明,在纠错个数能被位分辨率整除时,PPM系统达到较高编码调制性能,同时指出适合PPM系统的纠错编码一般为高阶码

葡萄糖催化脱水制取5-羟甲基糠醛研究进展

5-羟甲基糠醛（HMF）是重要的平台化合物,是制取生物液体燃料和其它许多重要精细化工品的前体。以木质纤维素为原料,通过水解得到葡萄糖,葡萄糖继续脱水可以得到5-羟甲基糠醛。本文对近年来利用葡萄糖制取5-羟甲基糠醛的研究进行了综述,重点阐述了葡萄糖脱水制取5-羟甲基糠醛过程的反应机理、反应体系和催化剂,反应体系包括离子液体、极性非质子有机溶剂、双相反应体系;催化剂包括无机酸、金属盐、固体酸和碱。指出未来可能取得突破的研究重点在于：研制高效的催化剂、萃取剂,开发高效的分离纯化技术

Research Progress on Reaction Mechanism and Catalysts for Hydrogenation of Carboxylic Acids

生物质衍生羧酸化合物的加氢反应是生产生物质化学品的重要过程之一.我们从羧酸分子加氢反应机理与加氢催化剂两个方面进行概述,着重介绍了第Ⅷ族金属,尤其贵金属作为活性金属的羧酸加氢反应机理,以及不同催化剂对羧酸加氢反应途径的影响.此外,还介绍了羧酸水相加氢反应中Ru基催化剂的研究进展