Rescaling and Scalar Politics in the‘One Belt, One Road'Strategy

目前,"一带一路"已成为中国的核心发展战略之一。借鉴尺度重构和尺度政治理论,分析"一带一路"战略的内涵、影响和风险。研究发现"一带一路"战略重构了现有的国家角色和地域形式,催生了以跨国基础设施为基础、以资本和经贸合作为支撑的新尺度。该尺度一方面被国际和国内的资本和权力关系不断重构,另一方面也在重构着现有的权力关系和资本积累过程。还从尺度政治视角出发探讨了"一带一路"战略中的风险因素。在国际层面,中国既面临着基于多边国际关系和地方抵抗的尺度上推力量,也面临着基于旧有边界和尺度化表达的尺度下推因素。在国内,"一带一路"战略既面临着地方政府基于政策争夺和地方保护主义产生的重复建设问题,也存在疆独势力等通过国际联系复杂化地方趋势的风险。为了更好地推行"一带一路"战略,中国必须积极应对这些尺度政治的挑战,深入研究尺度政治的机制和破解之道,努力化解海外投资、国际合作和地方治理中的风险。‘One Belt, One Road'(OBOR) was proposed by President Xi Jinping in 2013 when he visited Kazakhstan and Indonesia. It is now the core regional development strategy in China. A series of studies(mainly in Chinese) have been conducted to provide the contextual knowledge or suggestion for this strategy. However,a theoretical examination of OBOR remains at the very superficial level among existing scholarship. This study aims to analyze the nature and impacts of OBOR from the perspective of rescaling and scalar politics,with a balanced consideration on the political geographical mechanisms and potential risks for promoting OBOR. It is argued that OBOR reshapes the roles and territoriality of Chinese state and produces a number of new geographical scales based on construction of international infrastructure, capital flows and trade cooperation. Specifically, the state power is re-territoralized through forming new international organizations and investing in the international infrastructure; the importance of some large cities are also highlighted as the nodes of OBOR. In other words, the inter-national processes are embedded in sub-national regions or new state spaces, confirming the previous theories on‘localization'. The rescaling strategies enable China to gain more influence on Eurasian geo-political and economic processes and more space to accelerate its capital accumulation.This echoes Lefebvre's arguments that the spatial fix of urban growth is based on scalar fixes. Therefore, it is interesting to note that the scale and power relations are mutually constructed. On the one hand, scale is produced and reconstructed by both international and domestic political powers and capitals; on the other hand,the rescaling processes have great impacts on the existing power relations and capital accumulation. The perspective of scalar politics suggests that there are some potential hindrance and risks behind this new initiative.At the international level, China is not only facing complex up-scaling forces related to the multilateral and international relations and local unrests, but also confronting the down-scaling forces based on the existing boundary and scalar discourses. At the domestic level, OBOR may lead to excessive competition, over accumulation and repeated construction due to local protectionism determined by the political promotion system in China. Some potential risks may also be caused by Xinjiang separatists, who can get supports easier than with the further opening of China to the rest of the world in the OBOR strategy. China must cope with these scalar politics actively in order to promote "one belt one road" strategy. This research has much policy implication for Chinese government to smooth the mechanisms of scalar politics on internationalization and reduce the potential risks of oversea investment, inter-national cooperation and regional governance. This aticle also furthers the understanding of scale in human geography by integrating discussions of rescaling and scalar politics from different sub-disciplines.国家自然科学基金项目(40701041;51208444);; 教育部人文社会科学研究基金项目(12YJAGJW007;11YJCZH058);; 中央高校基本科研业务费(20720140519)资助~

Content identification and optimization strategies of legal spatial planning system for airport-related economic zones

伴随临空经济的高速发展,空港经济区逐渐成为带动城市实现跨越增长的生力军。鉴于当前中国空港经济区发展不成熟、理论研究散乱、规划实践不成体系、不同类型的规划相互分割与各自为政等现实状况,本文通过系统文献梳理与项目实践研究,对空港经济区内涵与特征进行深入辨析,提出广义空港经济区的概念。并基于现状纷繁、多类别的空港经济区规划,系统梳理与介绍“城市总体规划—空港经济区总体规划—空港经济区控制性详细规划—空港经济区修建性详细规划“的多层次法定空间规划体系。进而结合当前规划实践,总结分析各层次法定规划的主要内容与要点。最后,提出明晰空港经济区功能定位、预留产业空间、配套跟进服务设施、建立高级别管理机构及实现职住平衡五方面发展建议。Along with the rapid development of airport economy, airport- related economic zone(AEZ) is becoming a vital force for promoting urban growth.At present, AEZ in China is characterized by early stage of development and there is a general lack of systematic theoretical research and planning practices; different types of planning lack of necessary coordination.Through a literature review and empirical research, this study differentiates and analyzes the connotations and characteristics of AEZ, and puts forward the concept of generalized AEZ.Based on the numerous, multiple types of existing AEZ planning, this study summarizes the AEZ-related Chinese legal spatial planning system(urban master planning—comprehensive planning of AEZ—regulatory planning of AEZ—site planning of AEZ).Combining with the current planning practices, this article identifies and analyzes the important contents of different levels of spatial planning.In the final part, it puts forward five suggestions: clarifying the functional position of AEZ; reserving industrial space; improving service facilities; setting up a high- level management bureau; and achieving a health balance between work space and housing.国家自然科学基金青年项目(51208444); 教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(11YJCZH058); 中央高校基本科研业务费项目(20720140519

City-Regional Governance from the Perspective of Comparison:Conception Clarification, Theory Development and Research Progress

“治理“是国际上处理区域事务的基本理念,强调多利益协调、多元协同等理念,大都市区治理是区域治理的重要尺度层面,也最能体现“政府、市场、公民社会“三者关系。在剖析治理、区域治理及大都市区治理等概念基础上,梳理了大都市区治理理论的发展脉络,进一步研究国内外大都市区治理的主要内容,并进行比较与评述。国内外大都市区治理理念一致,但由于国情差别,研究领域、关注重点、治理机制和具体实践差别较大。国外较为注重“多元利益协调“基础上大都市区治理问题研究,充分考虑各方面诉求,并关注地区社会公平、公共资源和环境问题;国内较注重“政府间关系“基础上的大都市区治理研究、本土化探讨等,实践中均以政府为主导,对其他利益诉求考虑不充分。"Governance" is a basic concept in regional affairs around the world which emphasizes different interests and multiparty coordination.City-regional governance is an important dimension of regional governance, which can best embody the relations between "the government, market and civil society".On the basis of analyzing the concept of the governance, regional governance and city-regional governance, the paper hackle the development and main content of city-regional governance at home and abroad connotation, then do comparison and analysis.City-regional governance theory is consistent at home and abroad connotation.But due to national differences, there are great differences in governance mechanism, research focus and practice method.The research pays more attention to "multiple interest coordination" of city-regional governance issues, fully considers all aspects of the demands and concerns of social justice areas, public resources and environmental issues aboard.The domestic research pays more attention on city-regional governance and localization discussing on "intergovernmental relations" view.It's based on government-led in practice,and lacking of other interest demands.国家自然科学基金青年项目(51208444); 教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(11YJCZH058); 中央高校基本科研业务费项目(20720140519

Rent Gap,Gentrification and Urban Redevelopment: the Reproduction of Urban Space Driven by Capital and Right

绅士化是西方国家再城市化过程中,城市中心区更新(复兴)的一种新的社会空间现象。Smith的租差理论从生产/供给的视角,认为绅士化出现的根本原因在于资本的逐利性。基于马克思主义的分析范式与路线,借助土地产权的理论视角,对Smith的租差理论进行重新诠释,认为绅士化与再开发,不仅是资本主导的"回归城市运动",更是资本与权利驱动下的城市空间再生产过程。由再开发转向再生产,从关注城市物质空间的变迁转而关注社会空间与物质空间的互动机理及其相应的空间效应,将是未来包括中国在内的城市空间研究的必然趋势。Gentrification is a social spatial phenomenon of redevelopment of urban center in the process of re-urbanization of western countries. Smith's rent gap theory proposed that the primary reason of gentrification is the capital profit-driven from the perspective of production and supply. This research based on the Marxist analysis paradigm and route,borrows the land property right to redefine the rent gap theory and believes that gentrification and redevelopment are not only the movement of return to city,but also the reproduction of urban space driven by the capital and right. From redevelopment to reproduction,the key point changes from urban physical space to interaction mechanism between social space and physical space and its spatial effects,these will become the new trend for China' s urban space research.国家自然科学基金青年项目(No.51208444);; 教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金(批准号:11YJCZH058);; 厦门大学校长基金项目(项目编号:20720140519

Restructuring Theoretical Framework of Sustainability: From the Dimension of Health

我国快速城镇化导致的环境危机引发了诸多公共健康问题,渐成为实现可持续发展过程中的新常态问题。基于2000年后西方学者对城市环境、健康、可持续发展; 及其关系的论述,从医学地理学、公共卫生学、城市规划学3个视角对健康与环境的关系进行述评;并在现有可持续发展研究维度的基础上,提出引入健康维度的必; 要性、合理性及其理论基础,整合并重构健康与可持续性研究框架。我国应以广义城市环境系统为平台,以健康与可持续性的两重性为出发点,基于健康维度重构可; 持续性的研究框架,为新常态下实现城市可持续发展提供新的理论视角。Within the context of rapid urbanization, increasing environmental; issues are threatening human health, which has become a critical 'new; nominal' issue towards urban sustainability. To construct the; relationship between health and sustainable development theoretically,; this paper firstly reviews the widely-discussed topics on health and; environment from multiple perspectives including medical geography,; public health and urban planning. Additionally, based on reviewing the; research dimensions of sustainability, this study proposes the; necessity, rationality, theoretical foundation and possibility of; embedding health into sustainability. It argues that health should be; integrated with the analytical framework of sustainability on the; platform of urban environment system and the duality of health and; sustainability, providing a new theoretical perspective for achieving; urban sustainable development.福建省软科学研究项

Connotation·Model·Value: The Review,Comparison and Expectation on Urban Governance Research in Western Counties and China

为给现阶段我国行政体制改革、行政管理权下放、国家治理能力创新提供国际经验与比较样本,系统回顾西方学术界在城市治理内涵及模式研究中的理论成果与我国城市治理研究的理论成果,深入分析西方治理研究的最新动态,指出我国城市治理研究的强化方向。研究发现:西方语境中治理形成的本质在于公私伙伴关系的认知,公私伙伴关系叠合于不同地域尺度形成城市治理和区域治理等概念;城市治理将治理概念具体化,其理论模式较为成熟,现已形成多学科交叉研究框架。西方治理研究的最新方向是协作型治理及治理价值,协作型治理研究已从理论模型构建逐步转向案例实践分析。治理价值研究尚处于价值体系构建阶段,注重合法性与民主责任性分析;我国城市治理概念与模式研究在系统继承西方治理研究成果的基础上,进行了有效的理论本土化,侧重在丰富的个案分析基础上归纳符合国情的治理模式。并开始逐步重视公共利益的界定与公民社会作用及公众参与实现路径。研究认为:我国需一方面加强对协作型治理及其实施路径的研究,另一方面加强对差异化城市治理模式价值的分析,促进治理研究向纵深化发展。This paper reviews the achievements of governance research in terms of the connotations of governance,urban governance and regional governance,urban and regional governance models. Besides,this study summaries the achievements of governance research in China. Moreover,this paper analyses the new trend of governance in western countries and points out the new trend of governance research in China. This research reaches the following conclusion. The essence of governance is public-private exchange and the concepts of urban governance and regional governance form by embedding governance into geographical units. The theoretical model of urban governance is complete and not only makes the abstract concept become specific,but also brings governance into a broader multidisciplinary framework. The new trends of governance in western countries include collaborative governance research and governance value research. The collaborative governance model has already been established and increasingly develop to practical fields by using case studies. The governance value concentrates on legitimacy and democratic accountability and starts to establish wellrounded governance value system. In China,based on western countries' governance research achievements,scholars localized the connotation and model and highlight the Chinese style governance models by using empirical cases. In addition,scholars focus on the role of civil society,the path to achieve public participation and how to define common good. Finally,this research believes that we need to strengthen the research on the path of achieving collaborative governance and the values of different governance models and then promotes governance research deeply in China.国家自然科学基金青年项目“基于“社会-空间统一体”的城市空间成长机理与治理研究——以厦门市为例”(项目批准号:51208444);; 教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金“体制转型背景下的城市蔓延机理与调控研究——以闽东南区域为例”(批准号:11YJCZH058);; 中央高校基本科研业务费“基于城市交通与土地利用耦合发展的厦门城市空间演化与优化研究”(项目编号:20720140519

The Impact of Walking Accessibility of Public Services on Housing Prices:Based on the Cumulative Opportunities Measure

构建节能环保低碳的"绿色交通体系"是目前解决城市交通及其一系列衍生问题的重要举措。"将生活与服务混在一起"对于提升步行效能、促进步行和降低机动交通需求有重要的现实意义。公共服务设施步行可达性,反映居民获取公共服务设施的难易程度,对住宅价格具有资本化效应。文章以厦门岛1840个普通多、高层住宅为样本,通过累积机会法评价教育、商业、医疗和文体4种公共服务设施的步行可达性,并构建特征价格方程来检验公共品在住宅市场的资本化方向与程度。研究发现,教育、医疗和商业3类公共服务设施的规划布局已资本化入住宅价格:教育和商业服务步行可达性对住宅价格有正向影响,而二、三甲医院步行可达性有负向影响;省示范小学步行可达性对房价的正向影响大于重点中学;市区级文化体育中心对房价的影响不显著。特征价格模型也实证估计了各特征变量对住宅价格的影响程度。Establishing an environment- friendly and low- carbon "green transport system "is an important approach to solve the problems of urban transport and a series of its derivatives. M ixing living and urban services together has a great significance to increase the utility of w alking,promote w alking and reduce the motorized travel demand. The w alking accessibility of public services,referring to the ease to reach the public services facilities in the w alkable region,affects the housing prices. Based on 1840 housing samples in multi- or high- story residence communities in Xiamen Island,the paper uses the cumulative opportunities method to measure the w alking accessibility of public service facilities,and develops hedonic price models to study their effects on housing prices. It finds the follow ing : the externality of three types of public services( education,health care and business services) have been capitalized into housing prices; The w alking accessibility of education and health care facilities have a positive effect on house prices w hile the w alking accessibility of class 2A and 3A comprehensive hospitals affects the housing prices negatively; The effect of star primary schools is greater than that of star middle schools; City / district- level cultural and sports center's w alking accessibility does not affect housing prices. The calibrated hedonic price model empirically estimates the impacts of all characteristics.国家自然科学基金青年项目(51208444);; 教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(11YJCZH058);; 中央高校基本科研业务费项目(20720140519)资