Biosorption and Bioreduction of Silver by Bacterium SH09 and their Characterization

微生物对于金属离子的生物吸附和生物还原作用因其在环境保护和金属回收方面的潜在应用价值而一直受到人们的关注。本文主要研究了细菌SH09对一价银离子和银氨离子的吸附还原特性，并基于这一过程的生物还原机理制备出了纳米级的单质银颗粒。SH09菌种是从福建上杭金属矿区废水排出口附近的土壤分离得到的一株微生物，初步鉴定其属于棒状杆菌。以SH09的干菌体和活菌体为研究对象，本文探讨了二者在不同条件下对一价银离子Ag+和银氨离子[Ag(NH3)2]+的吸附特性。结果表明，吸附液pH＝2和5的条件下，SH09干菌体对Ag+的吸附是一个快速的过程，其最大吸附量分别约为260和230mg(Ag)/g(干菌体)。当p...Biosorption and bioreduction of metal by microorganisms has received much attention due to its potential applications in the field of environment protection and metal recovery. In this study, the characteristic of biosorption and bioreduction of silver ion and diamine silver complex by bacterium SH09 was explored. Silver nanoparticles were further prepared based on the mechanism of bioreduction in...学位：工学硕士院系专业：化学化工学院化学工程系_化学工程学号：20023300

The Preparation of Silver Nanoparticles

［中文文摘］在简要介绍纳米银在各个工业领域应用的基础上,总结比较了各种制备纳米银颗粒的方法。物理和化学方法的工艺技术都比较成熟,但也存在着一定的不足。新兴的生物还原法因其具有微生物原料来源广,生物还原反应条件温和,产物纳米颗粒不易团聚,以及过程加入的化学试剂和产生的有毒副产物少等特点而开始受到关注。微生物还原金属离子有2种不同的机理:微生物的酶催化机理和非酶还原机理。对生物还原法原理的充分认识是将该方法发展成为可实际应用的纳米银制备工艺的重要基础。［英文文摘］The main applications of silver nanoparticles in industry were briefly reviewed in the present paper. The methods used for preparation of silver nanoparticles were summarized and compared. The physical and chemical methods are relatively mature but they have some shortcomings. The biological method is recently developed as a promising method because of its special advantages such as sufficient material sources, mild reaction conditions, good dispersion of nanoparticles as well as few chemical addictives and poisonous byproducts. The biological method for preparation of silver nanoparticles included two mechanisms, namely enzymatic catalysis mechanism and non-enzymatic reduction mechanism. The full understanding of two mechanisms would be necessary for developing it into a practical process to prepare silver nanoparticles.国家自然科学基金(20376076); 中国石油化工股份有限公司项目(0041-K81042)

工程测绘中无人机遥感测绘技术的应用

近年来，我国社会经济水平得到了显著的提升，从而为科学技术发展创造了良好的基础，使得大量的新型科学技术被人们研发出来，在实践运用中取得了良好的效果。在整个建筑工程领域中，要想从根本上对建筑工程施工质量和施工效率加以保证，那么最为重要的就是需要不断提升工程测绘工作的整体水平，在这种发展形势下，无人机遥感测绘技术应时而生。将这项技术切实的运用到工程测绘工作之中，能够有效的提升测绘工作的效率和测绘结果的准确性，其所具有的最为突出的优越性就是实践操作的灵活性，并且能够实现对工程成本的控制，为整个建筑工程行业的稳步持续发展带来了良好的机遇。这篇文章主要针对工程测绘中无人机遥感技术的实践运用展开全面深入的研究分析，希望能够对我国建筑工程行业的未来良好发展有所帮助。</jats:p

Research Progresses of Sequencing Batch Reactor Technology

［中文文摘］回顾了序批式反应器(SBR)技术的发展历史,介绍了近20年来国内外SBR技术研究与应用的新发展,着重分析了其基本原理、技术优势和不足之处,指出SBR技术是一项极具竞争力的废水生物处理技术。［英文文摘］The development and application of sequencing batch reactor (SBR) technology in recent twenty years at home and abroad are reviewed. The principle, technology features and shortages of SBR technology are analyzed in detail. It points out that SBR is a biological wastewater treatment technology with very strong competitive power.国家自然科学基金资助项目(20076037

中草药饲料添加剂对动物应激反应的影响

为探究项目组所研制的中草药饲料添加剂对动物应激反应的影响,本实验以昆明种小白鼠作为实验动物,采用对比试验的方法,将中草药饲料添加剂分为高、中、低剂量组及生理盐水对照组,采用灌胃的方式分别给小白鼠灌服不同浓度的添加剂,进而对其结果进行研究。结果表明,在抗热应激实验中,与生理盐水对照组相比,添加剂高、中剂量组差异极显著(PPPPP<0.05)。说明本添加剂具有良好的抗应激作用,可以显著提高动物的抗热应激、抗疲劳、耐常压缺氧能力

Phosphorus Uptake by Heterotrophic Bacterioplankton and Its Affecting Factors in Jiaozhou Bay

为了解异养浮游细菌在磷的海洋生物地球化学循环和海湾富营养化中的作用,于2003年6月、8月和2004年3月采用现场调查和实验室培养相结合的方法,对胶州湾异养浮游细菌的无机磷酸盐吸收量、周转时间及影响因素进行了研究,结果表明,胶州湾异养浮游细菌对无机磷酸盐的吸收量在春、夏、冬季分别为4.34,2.13,0.89×10-2μg/dm3.h,周转时间分别为39.78,29.29,6.56d,水温和有机质含量是其主要限制因子,胶州湾春季异养浮游细菌与藻类可能存在对无机磷酸盐的吸收竞争。The seasonal variation and affecting factors of phosphorus uptake amount and turnover time of heterotrophic bacterioplankton in Jiaozhou Bay were studied in June, August, 2003 and March, 2004. The results showed that the uptake amounts of inorganic phosphorus in central Jiaozhou Bay in spring, summer and winter were 4.34, 2.13 and 0.89×10~(-2)μg/dm~3·h, respectively, while the turnover time were 39.78, 29.29 and (6.56) days, respectively. Water temperature and organic matter content were the main limiting factors. Total phosphorus uptake amount by heterotrophic bacterioplankton was also studied in March, 2004 at 5 stations in Jiaozhou Bay through isotope tracing techniques. The results showed that the uptake amount exhibited a typical high level in nearshore and low level in offshore feature. The average uptake amount was 0.064μg P/dm~3·h in winter. The uptake amount was the highest at A1 station (0.083μg P/dm~3·h) and the lowest at C3 station (0.027μg P/dm~3·h). High salinity and low nutrients would decrease the total phosphorus uptake. The uptake ratio of inorganic to total phosphorus in winter was 0.33 in center of Jiaozhou Bay.国家自然科学基金重点项目(40036010);; 山东省环保重点基金(2004040-1);; 中国海洋大学物理海洋教育部重点实验室开放基金资

基于倾向性评分的病理分期ⅡB~ⅢA期非小细胞肺癌患者胸腔镜与开胸手术的疗效比较

目的通过对比病理分期ⅡB~ⅢA期非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）患者电视胸腔镜微创手术（VATS）与开胸肺癌根治术的近期、远期疗效之间的研究。探讨胸腔镜肺叶切除手术对于病理分期ⅡB~ⅢA期是否安全有效的手术方式。方法回顾性分析2010年1月至2016年12月中国科学技术大学附属第一医院行肺癌根治术的病理分期ⅡB~ⅢA期且资料完整的非小细胞肺癌患者221例，根据手术方式分为VATS组和开胸组，对两组患者进行倾向性评分匹配（PSM）分析，并比较两组患者的近期、远期疗效。结果VATS组相较于开胸组患者术后住院时间短、术中出血量少、胸引管带管时间短、术后胸腔引流量少等优点（P＜0.05）。生存分析显示VATS组5年生存率优于开胸组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。进一步分析，ⅢA组、腺癌组VATS手术预后优于开胸手术，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论对于病理分期ⅡB~ⅢA期NSCLC患者VATS手术不但能减少术中出血及术后胸引量，缩短胸引管带管时间和住院时间，还能达到和开胸手术相似的淋巴结清扫，同时延长患者术后生存时间