依据ITS rDNA序列探讨我国盾腹虫属种类的系统发育关系(英文)

盾腹吸虫为寄生扁形动物中一小的类群。我国已报道7种盾腹吸虫,其中5种隶属于盾腹虫属(Aspidogastridae,Aspidogastrinae)。研究测定了在我国采集到的4种盾腹虫属吸虫的核糖体DNA转录内间隔区(ITSrDNA)序列,并分别采用邻接法和最大似然法构建分子系统发育树。结果显示,这4种盾腹吸虫的ITS-1和ITS-2序列的长度分别在728—877bp和518—645bp之间,其G+C含量分别在50.1%—52.3%和49.2%—52.2%范围内。4种盾腹吸虫的种间遗传距离在0.2%—2

利用改良Nest-tetra-primerspecificPCR技术对两种石斑鱼的鉴别

云纹石斑鱼(EPInEPHEluS MOArA)和褐石斑鱼(E.brunEuS)为石斑鱼属内近缘种,外形相似常被混淆.本研究改良建立了nEST-TETrA-PrIMEr SPECIfIC PCr方法,获得了云纹石斑鱼和褐石斑鱼线粒体dnAnd2基因内的3个特异性条带,分别为内参序列nC1(394bP)、特异性条带nd2-M(268bP)和nd2-b(122bP),以及核基因组中核糖体dnAITS1区的5个特异性条带,分别为内参序列nC2(588bP)、nC3(563bP),特异性条带rdnA-M(426bP)、ITS1-M(488bP)和ITS1-b(304bP).研究结果不仅为两种石斑鱼的鉴别提供了稳定、可靠、快捷的特异性分子标记,而且也为鱼类近缘种的dnA鉴别提供了新的途径.国家自然科学基金(批准号:40576064);国家“八六三”计划(项目编号:2006AA10A414)资助项

经济全球化、国际竞争力与福建产业结构调整

经济全球化背景下，产业的国际比较竞争优势是开放地区产业结构调整的重要决定因素。本文运用贸易竞争指数研究福建产业的国际比较竞争优势及其演变。结论是：从九十年代中期开始，福建产业的国际比较优势正在从杂项产品为代表的低技能劳动密集型产业向机械及运输设备类产品装配为代表的一定技能劳动密集型产业转移。现有的工业和科技基础决定了福建近期在总体上并不具备发展真正高新技术产业尤其是自主知识产权高新技术产业的比较优势。遵循比较优势原则，有选择地发展某些高新技术产业中的某些加工环节，逐步实现产业分工的升级，是目前福建产业调整与发展的可行选择

Catalytic Epoxidation of Propylene Using Nitrous Oxide or Oxygen as Oxidant

丙烯环氧化制环氧丙烷是催化领域的最关键的挑战之一.本文对作者等近年来开展的以一氧化二氮为氧化剂的铁催化体系和以氧气为氧化剂的铜催化体系的研究进展进行了综述.在这两类催化体系中,碱金属离子(特别是K+)的修饰作用均是获得较高环氧丙烷选择性的关键.碱金属离子通过调变催化剂中铁或铜物种的分散度、配位环境和酸碱性等,实现了对反应途径的调控,使反应朝着有利于环氧丙烷生成的方向进行.活性金属组分(铁或铜)与氧化剂(一氧化二氮或氧气)间的特定的组合对丙烯环氧化反应的发生也起着重要作用.推测在两类催化体系中,氧化剂均在具有特定结构和价态的铁或铜活性位上活化,产生导致丙烯环氧化反应发生的亲电性活性氧物种.The epoxidation of propylene to propylene oxide is one of the most challenging research targets in catalysis.This review highlights our recent studies on the epoxidation of propylene by nitrous oxide and oxygen catalyzed by iron-and copper-based heterogeneous catalysts.For both iron-and copper-based catalysts,the modification with an alkali metal ion(especially K+) plays pivotal roles in obtaining high selectivity to propylene oxide.Alkali metal ions may enhance the dispersion of iron and copper species,change their coordination environments,and regulate the surface acid and base properties,and thus contribute to the selective formation of propylene oxide.The unique combination of active metal component(iron or copper) and oxidant(nitrous oxide or oxygen) is also crucial for the epoxidation of propylene.We propose that the oxidant is activated on active iron or copper sites with peculiar structures and oxidation states,forming active oxygen species responsible for the epoxidation of propylene.国家自然科学基金(20625310,20773099,20433030);; 国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划,2003CB615803,2005CB221408

Energy Efficiency Evaluation of Frozen Food Production Factories

At present, food production factories in our country evaluate energy consumption level by using energy consumption per unit production or energy consumption fees. However, these indices do not reflect the influence of the using level, business level, and the quality level on the enterprise energy efficiency. In this study, energy consumption situation of some food production factories at home and abroad were compared, and the problems caused by the current energy consumption evaluation indices were analyzed. A new energy efficiency evaluation index which can reflect using level, business level, and the quality level was proposed. Then the evaluation of energy efficiency for six representative domestic food production factories was performed with the present index. The result shows that energy efficiency difference among factories is obvious

Environment Security Monitoring System for Offshore Caged Fish and Water Quality

为了更好地开展渔业养殖中深水网箱中鱼群状态与水质环境的安全监测,提出了一种深水网箱鱼群与水质环境安全远程监测系统.该系统使用声学方式对鱼群分布状况进行监测;同时采用传感器对水质环境的温度、溶解氧、p H值等进行监测,监测结果通过无线数据传输方式实时传送至微处理器,完成信号去噪、数据提取、显示及报警等.实验结果表明,该监测系统性能稳定可靠,结合嵌入式控制技术与无线数据传输技术,监测操作简便,移动性好;同时兼顾鱼群与水质环境安全,监测更全面到位,在推广深水网箱养殖安全配套设施上具有良好的应用前景.Environment monitoring of fish activity state and water quality is the key to offshore cage safety management.A remote monitoring system for offshore caged fish and water quality is developed in the research.The fish distribution and abundance are monitored strategically using acoustic transducers in the system.Meanwhile,some parameters of water quality are obtained using various sensors,such as temperature sensor,dissolved oxygen sensor and p H sensor. Then the collected data are sent to the user monitor terminal in real time through wireless transmission module.Finally,the results are displayed on a 7-inch liquid crystal display screen( LCD) after data processing. The experiment has been conducted to verify the excellent performance of this system.Combined with embedded control technology and wireless data transmission technology,the flexibility and mobility are improved significantly. Besides,both fish activity and water quality are taken into account,making the monitoring more comprehensive.The results suggest that the system has good application prospects.国家海洋局海洋公益性行业科研专项(201505027-2

信贷政策结构性变化下的企业融资难问题——基于民营经济发达地区企业用信率的视角

企业"融资难"程度一直缺乏有效的度量指标,不利于信贷政策实施效果的评估。在获取了民营经济发达的浙江台州地区超过44万条企业授信和用信数据基础上,对可以反映企业"融资难"程度的用信率...教育部人文社会科学项目(16YJC790128);; 浙江省自然科学基金项目(LQ17G020002