231 research outputs found
Platinum-nickel alloy excavated nano-multipods with hexagonal close-packed structure and superior activity towards hydrogen evolution reaction
铂镍合金在氢析出(HER)、氧还原(ORR)等重要能量转化反应中具有优异催化性质,受到了人们广泛的关注。近日,谢兆雄教授课题组通过简单的溶剂热方法,首次合成出六方晶系的铂镍合金枝状纳米晶,其中每个枝杈结构由六个{11-20}高能晶面裸露的超薄纳米片组装而成。与面心立方晶系铂镍合金相比,亚稳态的六方晶系铂镍合金在HER反应中表现出更加优异的性质。当电流密度为10 mA·cm-2时,其过电位仅有65 mV,同时质量电流密度高达3.03 mA·µgPt-1 (-70 m V vs. RHE),是目前为止报道的HER催化剂中质量活性最高的,其突出的催化性能主要来源于晶相作用(同质异晶)及大的比表面积。该项工作为发展高催化性能的铂基合金纳米晶提供了新的研究思路。该研究是在谢兆雄教授和蒋亚琪副教授指导下,与傅钢教授共同合作完成。实验部分由博士生曹振明(第一作者)、陈巧丽、沈守宇、卢邦安,硕士生李慧齐以及博士后张嘉伟共同完成,理论计算部分由傅钢教授课题组完成。【Abstract】Crystal phase regulations may endow materials with enhanced or new functionalities.
However, syntheses of noble metal-based allomorphic nanomaterials are extremely difficult,
and only a few successful examples have been found. Herein, we report the discovery of
hexagonal close-packed Pt–Ni alloy, despite the fact that Pt–Ni alloys are typically crystallized
in face-centred cubic structures. The hexagonal close-packed Pt–Ni alloy nano-multipods are
synthesized via a facile one-pot solvothermal route, where the branches of nano-multipods
take the shape of excavated hexagonal prisms assembled by six nanosheets of 2.5nm
thickness. The hexagonal close-packed Pt–Ni excavated nano-multipods exhibit superior
catalytic property towards the hydrogen evolution reaction in alkaline electrolyte. The
overpotential is only 65mV versus reversible hydrogen electrode at a current density of
10 mAcm-2 , and the mass current density reaches 3.03mA µgPt-1 at -70mV versus
reversible hydrogen electrode, which outperforms currently reported catalysts to the best of
our knowledge.This work was supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant 2015CB932301), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants 21333008, 21603178 and J1030415) and the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province of China (No. 2014J01058).
该研究工作得到科技部(批准号:2015CB932301)、国家自然科学基金委(批准号:21333008, 21603178 和 J1030415)和福建省自然科学基金委(No. 2014J01058)的大力资助与支持
304不锈钢表面十七氟癸基三甲氧基硅烷的缓蚀性能研究
采用电化学方法对十七氟癸基三甲氧基硅烷在304不锈钢表面的缓蚀性能进行了研究,结果发现,十七氟癸基三甲氧基硅烷对304SS有明显的缓蚀作用,增大了304不锈钢表面的电荷转移电阻,降低了自腐蚀电流密度并且提高了点蚀电位,缓蚀效率高达96%。国家科技支撑计划(2014BAE12B01
戊型肝炎病毒衣壳蛋白结合CYP 2A6并降低其底物催化能力
肝炎病毒的感染常常导致人体肝脏代谢能力变化,研究表明甲型肝炎病毒(Hepatitis A Virus,HAV)、乙型肝炎病毒(Hepatitis B Virus,HBV)和丙型肝炎病毒(Hepatitis C Virus,HCV)的感染都会影响肝细胞对药物的代谢能力。在本研究中,通过酵母双杂交系统在人肝cDNA文库中筛选与戊型肝炎病毒重组衣壳蛋白E2结合的蛋白,发现了与细胞色素P450 2A6(CYP2A6)部分片段高度同源的蛋白序列。通过pull-down、免疫共沉淀以及特异性底物催化反应评价等方法进一步证实了CYP2A6与重组衣壳蛋白E2、p239间的相互作用,并发现与p239结合可以降低CYP2A6对其特异性底物香豆素的催化能力。上述结果提示CYP2A6可能在戊肝病毒入侵细胞后的细胞病变过程中起作用
Challenge by Head Transplant
范瑞平:诸位好!受《中国医学伦理学》杂志王明旭主编所托,组织一篇"换头术的挑战"争鸣笔谈,特邀各位参与。请踊跃发表意见,观点不拘,长短不限,畅所欲言,各抒己见,若能针对已发观点形成争论,则更能增加读者兴趣
中国旅游发展笔谈——品质旅游
我国经济已由高速增长阶段转向高质量发展阶段。就旅游业而言,也进入了品质化发展的关键阶段。随着人们出游机会的增多,人们对旅游的追求开始从\"有没有\"转向\"好不好\"。国务院发布的《\"十三五\"旅游业发展规划》关于旅游业发展形势的一个重要判断就是\"需求品质化\"。可以说,发展品质旅游既是对高质量发展国家战略的响应,也是满足人民群众美好生活需要的客观要求,同时是旅游业发展进入大众旅游中高级阶段之后的必然选择
Education Is the Key to Avoiding "Medium Revenue Trap"
针对中国当前已经进入中等收入门槛有可能陷入“中等收入陷阱“这种状况,本文指出缺乏与新兴产业和经济转型对应的创新型人力资本储备是国家创新能力不足、产业升级滞后并陷入“中等收入陷阱“的重要原因。成功跨越“中等收入陷阱“并实现经济转型的关键是由传统资本要素拉动式增长转向人力要素拉动式增长,而这种转型需要加大政府对教育投入,同时由传统重视基础教育发展转向重视高等教育竞争力和创新能力的提高。针对“中等收入陷阱“中典型的社会问题,本文进一步指出打破既得利益集团控制、实现制度转型和社会转型是解决这一问题的关键。Many NEM were caught by the "Medium Revenue Trap" after a certain development stage and growth was ceased.China is also facing a lot of similar situation after 30 years' development and how to realize the economic transition and survive the "Medium Revenue Trap" is vital to Chinese future.This paper points out that the deficiency of the relevant educational development and reform is the main reason to the "Medium Revenue Trap" because the newly emerged industries need plenty of creative human capital,not only the primary human capital.As a result,increasing educational input and educational transition from the traditional family based input mechanism to public input mode and from the emphasis on primary education to the emphasis on higher education is the key to avoiding the "Medium Revenue Trap".In addition,the development of the education can also help to reduce the inequality and thus to reduce the social conflict and this is very important to avoiding the "Medium Revenue Trap".教育部优秀咨询报告“通过发展教育来规避中等收入陷阱”;国家自然科学基金项目(项目编号:71003058);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(项目编号:2010221054
Direct Power Control Strategy based on Space Vector Modulation
Direct power control technology is applied on three-phase PWM rectifier. Using space vector modulation instead of switching tables can eliminate the bad effect of unconstant switching frequency on the rectifier. It is induced a new estimated power formula based on virtual flux, analyzed the parameter design of power-adjuster and also researched the coupling relations between the active and reactive poweradjuster. The simulation result shows that this method exhibits several features under the unbalanced input voltage of three-phase, such as high power factor, low current harmonic and good dynamic performance
责任对后悔强度的影响:来自ERP的证据
采用事件相关电位技术,研究责任对后悔的影响。实验采用赌博范式,主要因素是被试对于负性结果所负责任的大小,分为三个水平:1(只有被试一人犯错)、1/2(被试和另外一个人犯错)以及1/3(三人同时犯错)。研究结果发现,被试主观评定的情绪强度和责任感上,1条件下的显著大于1/2和1/3条件下的,而1/2和1/3条件无显著差异;被试的反事实思维则在三个水平上差异显著,责任越大,反事实思维越强。fERN(feedback error-related negativity,反馈错误相关负波,也称FRN,反馈负波)的波幅在1条件下的显著大于1/2和1/3条件下的,而1/2和1/3条件下的无显著差异;而P300的波幅则在三种水平上差异显著,责任越大,波幅越小。结果支持责任对后悔强度有所影响,且后悔强度在一定程度上随责任大小呈线性变化
倾斜角度及加热方式对脉冲热管传热性能的影响
该文对以FC-72为工质的脉冲热管进行了实验研究,采用高速动态采集系统测量了脉冲热管的热力型脉动曲线,并获得了脉动周期,分析了加热功率及倾斜角度对脉动周期的影响。通过实验发现在倾斜角度0=0°~10°时,脉冲热管传热性能对角度极为敏感,加热段温度随着倾斜角度的增加急剧下降;当e=10°~15°时,加热段温度反而略有上升;当e=15030°时,加热段温度又缓慢下降;而当倾斜角度e=30°-90°时,加热段温度变化很小,倾角对传热性能几乎无影响。同时,实验还发现采用非均匀加热方式脉冲热管的传热性能要优于均匀加热方式的传热性能
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