磷酸盐氧同位素在有机磷降解研究中的应用

磷的有机化合物广泛分布于土壤和水体中,发挥着重要作用的同时,也给环境带来潜在的污染。研究有机磷化合物的磷循环过程对于防控磷的污染有着重要作用。磷酸盐中的氧同位素作为一种地球化学的示踪剂,近年来被广泛应用于研究磷在自然界中的循环过程。本文总结了磷酸盐中氧同位素的应用原理以及其在有机磷降解和溯源方面的应用,并在此基础上展望本领域下一步的工作重点。中国国家自然科学基金(41173113);;中国环保部公益项目(201509049

A PZT/Si composite transducer for resonant ultrasound spectroscope

提出并设计了一种应用于超声共振检测的PZT/Si复合材料圆片换能器。该换能器是将一小硅片粘贴在PZT压电片上复合而成,硅片中心已有一个应用MEMS技术加工制造的倒金字塔小坑。这使得待测样品很容易安装在超声共振谱检测的平台上,并能提高测量的精确度。文中利用ANSYS对该换能器和单独PZT-4压电片换能器进行比较分析,得出了不同结构在相同电压和外力作用下产生的静态位移结果以及共振频率,并讨论了复合结构参数对换能器工作灵敏度的影响。结果表明,复合换能器的灵敏度仅降低4%~4.8%,可以应用在超声共振谱检测中。In this paper,a PZT/Si composite transducer for resonant ultrasound spectroscope(RUS) measurement is proposed and designed.This composite transducer is made of a PZT piezoelectric disk,where a tiny silicon piece is adhered in its centre.For the silicon piece,a pyramid pit is fabricated by using MEMS technology.By using this composite transducer with a central pyramid pit,the tested sample is easily amounted to RUS stage and measurement accuracy can be improved.In the paper,we use finite element method in ANSYS to analyze the performance of composite transducer,and compare it with that of single PZT plate piezoelectric transducer.The results show that the sensitivity of composite transducer decreases only by 4%~4.8% and can be used in RUS measurement.厦门大学引进人才启动基金资

水飞蓟素固体分散体的制备及5种成分的溶出度

目的制备水飞蓟素固体分散体,并评价5种成分的溶出度。方法以F68与PVPk30为联合载体,溶剂熔融法制备固体分散体。再考察联合载体比例、药物-载体比例对水飞蓟宾、异水飞蓟宾、水飞蓟宁、水飞蓟亭、花旗松素溶出度的影响。结果最佳条件为联合载体比例1∶3,药物-载体比例1∶5。固体分散体中5种成分的溶出度显著高于原料药和物理混合物(水飞蓟素-载体)中。结论固体分散体可显著提高水飞蓟素中有效成分的溶出度。福建省自然科学基金项目(2015J01491

Research on facial spectrum and color characteristics of five-zang disease status

目的:观察疾病状态人群面色光谱色度情况,为疾病状态五脏病评价提供可供依据。方法:采用日产柯尼卡美能达CM-2600d分光测色仪,观测健康组(183例)、疾病组(370例)额部、眉间部、鼻部、下颏、左右颧部、左右眼胞8处明亮度l、红光度A、黄光度b、饱和度C值及波长段(400~700nM)下的面色反射率值等指标,并据中医理论对疾病状态进行五脏病位分析。结果:疾病组l值显著低于健康组,b、C值均显著高于健康组;疾病组各波长段下反射率显著低于健康状态组(P<0.05)。疾病组除左右眼胞外的6个位点间的l、A、b、C值有显著性差异(P<0.05),不同点位有其特异性的色度变化特征。疾病组五脏病各组光谱色度特征比较有显著差异(P<0.05),结果与中医面部脏腑五色理论在一定程度上相符合。结论:运用光谱色度测定方法,可以作为诊断疾病状态五脏病的重要指标。Objective: To observe disease status facial spectrum and color,providing good quantitative basis for disease assessment.Methods: We gathered the facial color information in health(183) and disease groups(370) including L,a,b,C values and reflection of different wavelengths in 400-700nm with CM-2600D spectral photometric color measuring instrument on 8 points including frontal part,glabellas nose,mandible two cheeks and eye cells and analysized disease status five-zang positioning according to the principle of TCM syndrome differentiation.Results: L value of Disease group was lower than health status group and b,C values were higher than health status group,reflection of different wavelengths of disease group were lower than health group(P<0.05).6 points in disease group between loci L,a,b,C values with varying degrees of significant differences(P<0.05).Different point had its own specificity facial complexion variation characteristics.Facial spectrum and color of each five-zang disease group had significant difference through comparion of facial complexion.To a certain extent the result was consistent with TCM facial organs Five-color theory.Conclusion: There existed diagnostic value in distinguishing five-zang disease status in some degree by spectral photometric color measuring technique.国家科技支撑计划(No.2012BAI37B06);国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)资助项目(No.2008AA02Z407);国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.30873463;No.81173200);国家自然基金青年项目(No.81102558);上海市重点学科(第三期)建设项目(No.S30302;No.S30303)---

Literature Research on TCM Syndromes Distribution Characteristics of Menopausal Syndrome

目的研究围绝经综合征的中医证候分布特点,为规范本病的诊断和治疗提供依据。方法检索中国期刊全文数据库、中文科技期刊数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库、中国中医药数据库、万方数据资源系统1991-2011年发表的有关围绝经期综合征文献,进行文献整理分析。结果纳入分析文献191篇。围绝经期综合征常见中医证候有49个,其中肝肾阴虚、肾阳虚、肾阴虚、肾阴阳两虚、心肾不交、肝郁气滞、脾肾阳虚最多见;提取常见症状共65个,包括月经紊乱、头晕耳鸣、失眠、烘热汗出、腰膝酸软、心悸、易怒、纳呆等;病位以肾、心、肝、脾为主;病性以虚为主;脉象以细数、沉细、弦细为主,舌象以舌淡或舌红,苔薄或少苔为主。结论围绝经期综合征的中医证候分布比较集中,本研究为下一步临床科研工作奠定了基础。Objective To analyze TCM syndromes distribution characteristics of menopausal syndrome,provide evidence for further research.Methods The articles related to menopausal syndrome in CNKI Chinese Academic Journal database,Chinese Science and Technology Journal database,China Biological Medicine database,Chinese medicine database,Wanfang database during 1991-2011 were retrieved and analyzed.Results A total of 191 articles were included in the analysis,49 syndromes were found in menopausal syndrome,in which the common syndromes were liver and kidney yin deficiency,kidney yang deficiency,kidney yin deficiency,kidney yin and yang deficiency,heart and kidney deficiency,liver depression,spleen and kidney yang deficiency.We extracted a total of 65 common symptoms,including menstrual disorders,dizziness and tinnitus,insomnia,hot flashes sweeting,waist and knees,palpitations,irritability,poor appetite and so on.The common positions were kidney,heart,liver and spleen.The common disease characteristic was the deficiency-based.The common pulse were fine rapid,sunken fine,string-like fine.The common tongue were pale or red,the tongue fur were mainly moss thin or less moss.Conclusion The menopausal syndrome of TCM syndromes distribution characteristics were more concentrated,and this research laid a foundation for further clinical research work.国家高技术研究发展计划(2008AA02Z407);国家自然科学基金(30873463);上海市重点学科项目(S30302、S30303

雷公藤减毒增效工艺的研究进展

目的:为更安全使用雷公藤提供参考。方法:检索中国知网,从制备工艺上对雷公藤减毒增效的技术手段进行文献综述。结果:雷公藤减毒增效的制备工艺主要有传统的炮制减毒、超临界流体萃取技术和加压溶剂提取技术。制剂新技术制备的如胃漂浮缓释片、微乳凝胶等均能明显缓解患者的不良反应,减毒效果明显。结论:不同的制备方法可为研究更加安全有效的雷公藤制剂提供理论依据。福建省科技计划项目(No.2012I1001

基于多组分评价的雷公藤提取物固体分散体的制备及体外表征

目的制备雷公藤提取物(ETW)固体分散体(ETW-SD),提高其体外溶出度。方法通过溶剂-熔融法,以聚乙二醇6000(PEG 6000)、泊洛沙姆188(F68)为载体制备ETW-SD。以雷公藤甲素、雷公藤内酯酮、雷公藤次碱、雷公藤红素以及雷公藤内酯甲为评价指标,通过体外溶出度、电子扫描电镜(SEM)、差示热量扫描(DSC)和X-射线衍射(XRD)对ETW-SD进行表征。结果 ETW-SD的最优处方为ETW-PEG 6000-F68(1∶2∶1)。与原料药相比,在60 min内雷公藤内酯酮、雷公藤甲素的溶出度分别提高了3.32倍,雷公藤次碱提高了2倍,而雷公藤红素和雷公藤内酯甲的溶出度均达到83%以上。福州总医院院立课题(2016L02);;福建省科技计划重大项目(2012I1001

海洋微型生物碳泵储碳机制及气候效应

海洋中存在一个巨大的惰性溶解有机碳(rdOC)库,可与大气CO2碳量相媲美.两个碳库之间的交换势必影响气候变化.rdOC可在海洋中保存数千年,构成了海洋储碳的重要机制.探寻rdOC碳库形成机制是认识海洋如何储碳的关键.新近提出的“海洋微型生物碳泵(MICrObIAl CArbOn PuMP,MCP)“理论指出,海洋微型生物是rdOC碳库的主要贡献者.本文从MCP的主动机制和被动机制及其环境调控出发,论述了海洋rdOC的组成与生物来源,rdOC组分的微型生物代谢途径,病毒的裂解过程以及浮游动物活动对rdOC生产的贡献,不同类群微型生物有机碳代谢特征及其生物标记物与碳氢同位素表征,以及MCP的能量代谢特征与储碳效率,并结合MCP储碳的地史证据展望了MCP在增加海洋储碳能力方面的应用前景.国家自然科学基金(批准号:91028001); 国家重大科学计划(编号:2013CB955700); 国家自然科学基金(批准号:91028005;91028011;41172030;41076091); 国家海洋公益性行业科研专项(批准号:201105021)资

Synthesis and biodistribution of ~(18)F-labeled pyridyl pyridaben analogues

目的设计并合成一种氟-18标记的哒螨灵类似物:4-氯-2-叔丁基-5-[[6-[[4-[2-[2-[2-氟[18f]乙氧基]乙氧基]乙氧基]-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基]甲基]-2-吡啶基]甲氧基]-3(2H)-哒嗪酮([18f]fPTP-P3),并评价其用于心肌灌注显像的可能性。方法采用[18f]f-取代OTS前体的方法进行标记,通过稳定性研究、脂水分配系数测定、生物分布实验等手段对标记物进行评价。结果 [18f]fPTP-P3的总制备时间为70~90 MIn,校正后的放化产率为36±5.6%,放化纯>98%。[18f]fPTP-P3为脂溶性化合物,在水溶液中可稳定放置3 H以上。生物分布实验结果显示,[18f]fPTP-P3在小鼠心肌具有一定的初始摄取,且肝部清除较快,但其心肌滞留较差。结论 [18f]fPTP-P3不具有用于心肌显像的潜力。Objective A fluorine-18 labeled pyridazinone derivative: 4-chloro-2-tert-butyl-5-[[6-[[4-[2-[2-[2-[18F]fluroethoxy] ethoxy]ethoxy]-1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl]methyl]-2-pyridinyl]methoxy]-3(2H)-pyridazinone([18F]FPTP-P3) was designed and prepared,and its potential as a myocardial perfusion imaging agent was evaluated.Methods [18F]FPTP-P3 was prepared by substituting tosyl of precursor with 18 F.The tracer was evaluated by stability study,octanol/water partition coefficient and biodistribution study.Results The total radio-synthesis time was 70-90 min,typical decay-corrected radiochemical yield was 36 ± 5.6%,and the radiochemical purity(RCP) was >98% after purification.It is a lipophilic compound,and stable in water for 3 h.The results of biodistribution study in mice showed that [18F]FPTP-P3 had certain initial heart uptake and the clearance of liver was very fast as well.However the retention of heart uptake was not ideal.Conclusion [18F]FPTP-P3 is not suitable for heart imaging in vivo.国家自然科学基金(20871020;81271613;21271030); 北京市自然科学基金(2092018)资助项目~