66 research outputs found

    翼反角对高压捕获翼构型高超气动特性的影响

    Get PDF
    为研究翼反角变化对高压捕获翼构型高超声速气动特性的影响,基于一种双翼面、单支撑、翼身组合布局的高压捕获翼概念构型,以飞行马赫数6,飞行高度30km为计算状态,捕获翼和机体三角翼上/下反角为设计变量,结合均匀试验设计方法、数值模拟方法和Kriging建模方法,探寻了升阻特性、纵向和横航向稳定性随翼反角的变化规律。结果表明,升力、阻力及升阻比随翼反角的变化规律基本一致,且对上反角变化更加敏感;小攻角时,翼面上反会明显降低升阻比,而下反会使升阻比先略微增大后缓慢减小;大攻角时,翼反角对升阻比的影响较小;纵向稳定性主要受三角翼反角的影响,三角翼上反时,纵向稳定性降低,下反时,纵向稳定性基本不变;翼面上/下反都会提高航向稳定性,但下反的效果更明显;翼面上反会提高横向稳定性,下反则降低,但大攻角飞行时,三角翼上反角过大可能会导致横向稳定性降低

    Mechanism and kinetics of cellobiose hydrogenation catalyzed by Ru/CNT

    Get PDF
    联系人及第一作者: 谭雪松( 1985- ),男, 硕士, 助理研究员。[中文文摘]引言化石资源的日益枯竭,使得人们对从可再生生物质资源合成化学品和燃料的研究给予了广泛关注[1-2]。木质纤维素是地球上分布最广、产量最多的生物质资源之一。纤维素由葡萄糖通过β-1,4糖苷键连接而成,其分子的刚性结构和高度结晶性使其成为最难转化的多糖[3]。目前通过高温气化或热解转化纤维素为合成气等燃料的工艺过程已经建立[4]。但在温和条件下通过平台分子继而生成油品或化学品的过程还有待开发。山梨醇是纤维素转化中有价值的平台分子之一,可以在较温和条件下通过水汽重整和费托合成等方法合成烷烃燃油和化学品[5-6]。因而,对纤维素催化加氢制备山梨醇的研究将有助于纤维素的有效利用。Fukuoka等[7]报道了在水相体系下,铂/氧化铝催化剂催化纤维素加氢制备山梨醇的反应,在190℃反应24h,山梨醇的收率为25%。Liu等[8]利用高温水形成的独特酸性质,以钌/活性炭为催化剂,245℃反应得到山梨醇,收率为30%。Deng等[9]利用碳纳米管优异的氢吸脱附与溢流性质,以Ru/CNT为催化剂,在185℃反应24h,山梨醇收率达到36%。虽然在催化纤维素加氢制山梨醇的研究方面已取得一定成果,但山梨醇收率不高(<40%),高效催化体系 依旧缺乏, 开展相关基础研究仍十分必要。纤维二 糖是纤维素的次级结构单元, 由两个葡萄糖通过 β-1,4糖苷键连接而成。由于纤维二糖结构与纤维 素类似, 且易于溶解, 故可用于研究纤维素转化的 模型分子[ 10-11] 。 本研究考察了以Ru/ CNT 为催化剂, 水相条 件下催化纤维二糖加氢制备山梨醇的反应。推导了 纤维二糖转化反应机理, 建立了纤维二糖催化加氢 反应的动力学模型, 可为纤维素的催化加氢研究提 供指导。[英文文摘]The production of chemicals or fuels from renewable biomass resources especially cellulose has attracted much attention because of the worldwide demand for less dependence on fossil resources.However,the direct utilization of cellulose is still a challenge because of its robust crystalline structure.Herein,the hydrogenation of cellobiose,a typical cellulose,over carbon nanotube supported ruthenium catalyst (Ru/CNT) was reported.The mechanism of cellobiose conversion was proposed and the kinetic equation was obtained. Based on the kinetic experiments carried out in the range 120- 185℃ under 5. 0 MPa H2 , the reaction rate constants and activation energies of each reaction step in cellobiose hydrogenation were obtained with MATLAB, in which the activation energy for hydroly sis and hydrogenolysis of cellobio se was est imated as 147.1 kJ·mol- 1 and 71.2 kJ·mol- 1, respectively. The obtained kinetic model and some general rules on the catalyt ic hydrog enation of cellobio se may provide impo rtant data for eff icient ut ilization of cellulose.国家自然科学基金项目(20625310, 20773099,20873110

    Effect of salinity on microbial densities of soil in the dilution plate technique applied in mangrove areas

    Get PDF
    作者简介:张瑜斌(1970~) ,男,湖南郴州人,博士,副教授,主要从事海洋微生物学与海洋生态学研究. E2mail: zhangyb@gdou. edu. cn 通讯作者Corresponding author. E2mail: linpeng@jingxian. xmu. edu. cn[中文文摘]在使用稀释平板法分离潮间带红树林及其对照光滩土壤微生物以及计数时,多数情况下使用陈海水制作培养基和稀释水,很少考虑培养基和稀释水的盐度对最终计数结果的影响。使用稀释平板法研究了盐度对福建九龙江口红树林区与深圳福田红树林保护区土壤微生物平板计数的影响,结果表明培养基与稀释水盐度对微生物数量有明显的影响。统计分析显示细菌的海水稀释效果优于淡水,而放线菌与真菌则刚好相反(P<0.05,一个例外)。海水不适合配制红树林区土壤微生物平板计数的培养基,从0~35,高盐度的平板培养基会降低微生物的数量,尤其是放线菌的数量,尽管培养基的盐度对真菌影响无规律,但细菌数量在低盐度时比在高盐度和不加氯化钠时要多。根据盐度效应,提出了稀释平板技术应用于潮间带的红树林及其相应光滩时的优化方法,认为细菌应该用海水作无菌稀释水,而放线菌和真菌则应用淡水作稀释水;包括光滩在内的红树林区土壤微生物分离与计数的培养基宜控制较低盐度范围。[英文文摘]When the soilmicrobial densities are determined in mangroves and correspondingmudflat at the same tidal level by the dilution p late method, the agarmedia and dilution water are generallymade up of aged seawater in most cases, and effects of salinity in agar media and dilution water on the enumeration of microbes is seldom taken into consideration. The effects of salinity on soil microbial counting from the samples in mangrove areas in Jiulongjiang Estuary of Fujian, and Futian Mangrove Nature Reserve of Shenzhen, China, were tested by dilution p late technique. The results showed that the soil microbial densities in mangroves and mudflat were significantly influenced by the salinity of dilution water and agarmedia. For the bacteria, the seawater served as sterilized dilution water was significantly ( P < 0. 05) more benefic to the enumeration on the p lates than the freshwater, but in reverse for the actinomycetes and fungi. The increasing salinity of media within 35 significantly decreased microbial colonies on the p lates, especially for the actinomycetes, in sp ite of the fact that the effect of salinity ofmedia on fungal numberswas not indefinite. The bacterial colonieswere more abundant on the agar p lates with low salinity than with high salinity or without any NaCl. It was p roposed that some methodological imp rovements were needed when the dilution p late technique was app lied to microbial counting in the samp les of mangrove forest and mudflat at the same tidal level in inter2tidal zone. The sterilized dilution water should be p repared with seawater for the bacteria, but with freshwater or low saline water for the actinomycetes and fungi. The salinity of agarmedia should be low for the microbial isolation and enumeration of soil samples from the mangrove areas including mudflats.国家自然科学基金资助项目(30270272

    Tissue Culture Technique of Acacia mangium Elite Trees

    Get PDF
    作者简介: 黄烈健( 1971—) ,男,博士,副研究员,研究方向为林木遗传育种与森林培育,电话: 020-87033463,E-mail: hlj@ ritf.ac.cnTaking Acacia mangium elite trees as explants,the tissue culture technique system for dormant bud of 3-5 year-old elite trees was established. The system includes the germination-inducing of the dormant buds,the multiplying of shoots,the rooting of adventitious shoots,and the pre-treating and transplanting of seedlings. The medium MS + Sucrose 30 g·L-1 + BA 0.5 mg·L-1 + NAA 0.1 mg·L-1 was used for inducing the dormant buds; the medium MS + BA 1.0 mg·L-1 + NAA 0.05 mg·L-1 was used for multiplying; while the medium 1 /2 MS +IBA 2.0 mg·L-1 + NAA 0.5 mg·L-1 was used for rooting.The results revealed that it was viable to producing field seedlings with micropropagation.Although the branches with dormant buds harbored many kinds of microbes and the adventitious shoots were not easy to root,20% to 30% healthy germination could be yielded and the rooting rate of adventitious shoots could be higher than 85%.Pretreated with ABT powder ( rooting hormone) ,both the rooting rate and survival rate of adventitious shoots were nearly 100%.国家“十一五”科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD01A15-5,2006BAD32B010-3); 农业科技成果转化项目(2009GB24320482

    3-UPS/S踝关节康复机构及运动分析

    No full text
    通过分析人体踝关节的结构特性,并针对现有踝关节康复机构的现状,提出一种3-UPS/S并联康复机构,该机构具有3自由度转动功能,可以分别完成踝关节的背伸/趾屈、内翻/外翻、内旋/外旋3种模式的训练。运用螺旋理论对其进行了自由度分析,采用D-H法建立了机构位置反解方程,利用Matlab编程计算出了位置反解理论值,并利用ADAMS进行了位置反解仿真分析,验证了D-H法位置反解的正确性

    基于RPR业务流统计部分的FPGA实现

    No full text
    文章从现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)的角度,着重描述业务流统计部分的实现过程。流程先把源、目的地址转换为一个映射地址,再通过标记矩阵标记业务流信息,最后存储本地节点的统计信息。仿真表明,文章提出的基于弹性分组环业务流统计部分的FPGA实现方法,能准确快速地统计出流经下游阻塞节点和非阻塞节点业务流的数目,具有很高的工程应用价值

    铝酸钠溶液晶种分解过程中游离碱对晶体附聚的影响

    No full text
    利用铝酸钠溶液晶种分解过程研究游离碱对晶体附聚的影响,利用NaOH溶液模拟游离碱环境研究AlOOH和Al(OH)3在NaOH溶液中的溶解-结晶性能。结果表明:游离碱对晶体附聚起抑制作用,并且抑制作用随其浓度增加而增强。由于可作为附聚粘结剂的新生细晶粒活性高,而游离碱对高活性晶粒有强烈侵蚀作用,因此晶体附聚受到抑制。晶粒溶解速率随温度、游离碱浓度、转速、晶粒活性的增大而增大。基于溶解-结晶模型并拟合实验数据发现,AlOOH和Al(OH)3在NaOH溶液中的溶解速率正比于游离碱浓度的1次方及晶体表面积的1.5次方。比较AlOOH和Al(OH)3在NaOH溶液和铝酸钠溶液中的溶解-结晶性能可知,铝酸根的存在抑制了游离碱对晶体的侵蚀作用

    铝酸钠溶液晶种分解过程中游离碱对晶体附聚的影响

    No full text
    利用铝酸钠溶液晶种分解过程研究游离碱对晶体附聚的影响,利用NaOH溶液模拟游离碱环境研究AlOOH和Al(OH)3在NaOH溶液中的溶解-结晶性能。结果表明:游离碱对晶体附聚起抑制作用,并且抑制作用随其浓度增加而增强。由于可作为附聚粘结剂的新生细晶粒活性高,而游离碱对高活性晶粒有强烈侵蚀作用,因此晶体附聚受到抑制。晶粒溶解速率随温度、游离碱浓度、转速、晶粒活性的增大而增大。基于溶解-结晶模型并拟合实验数据发现,AlOOH和Al(OH)3在NaOH溶液中的溶解速率正比于游离碱浓度的1次方及晶体表面积的1.5次方。比较AlOOH和Al(OH)3在NaOH溶液和铝酸钠溶液中的溶解-结晶性能可知,铝酸根的存在抑制了游离碱对晶体的侵蚀作用

    铝酸钠溶液晶种分解过程中游离碱对晶体附聚的影响

    No full text
    利用铝酸钠溶液晶种分解过程研究游离碱对晶体附聚的影响,利用NaOH溶液模拟游离碱环境研究AlOOH和Al(OH)3在NaOH溶液中的溶解-结晶性能。结果表明:游离碱对晶体附聚起抑制作用,并且抑制作用随其浓度增加而增强。由于可作为附聚粘结剂的新生细晶粒活性高,而游离碱对高活性晶粒有强烈侵蚀作用,因此晶体附聚受到抑制。晶粒溶解速率随温度、游离碱浓度、转速、晶粒活性的增大而增大。基于溶解-结晶模型并拟合实验数据发现,AlOOH和Al(OH)3在NaOH溶液中的溶解速率正比于游离碱浓度的1次方及晶体表面积的1.5次方。比较AlOOH和Al(OH)3在NaOH溶液和铝酸钠溶液中的溶解-结晶性能可知,铝酸根的存在抑制了游离碱对晶体的侵蚀作用
    corecore