The Effect of NaCl Stress on the Ion Absorbtion of Manilkara roxburghiana(Wight)Dubard

为了研究古巴牛乳树在nACl胁迫下的离子效应及抗性方式,本试验测定了古巴牛乳树根、枝条、叶在nACl胁迫下Cl-、nA+、k+、CA2+的含量及分布特点。结果表明:古巴牛乳树根、枝条、叶的Cl-、nA+、CA2+含量随处理浓度的提高而增加,k+、k+/nA+随处理浓度升高而降低;在8‰处理浓度时,根、枝条、叶中的Cl-含量分别为对照的7.86、11.82、16.53倍,nA+含量分别为对照的3.36、3.04、4.40倍,k+/nA+分别为0.17、0.25、0.16;相同处理浓度下,Cl-、k+、CA2+含量高低顺序均为:根<枝条<叶,nA+含量高低顺序为:枝条<根<叶;叶中的Cl-、nA+、k+、CA2+等4种离子含量均比根、枝条高。说明古巴牛乳树吸收Cl-、nA+、k+、CA2+后,较大部分的将4种离子输送至叶片中,推测其抗性方式为耐盐性。In order to study the ion response and mode of salinity resistance of M.roxburghiana,the contents and distribution of 4 kinds of ions(Cl-,Na+,K+,Ca2+)in roots,branches,leaves under NaCl stress were assayed.The results showed that Cl-,Na+,Ca2+ contents in M.roxburghiana roots,branches,leaves raised with the rising NaCl concentration,while K+content and the ratio of K+/Na+dropped.The Cl-content in roots,branches,leaves was respectively 7.86,11.82,16.53 times higher than that in the control under 8‰ NaCl and Na+content was respectively 3.36 times,3.04 times,4.40 times.The K+/Na+ratio in roots,branches,leaves was respectively 0.17,0.25,0.16.The Cl-,K+,Ca2+ contents followed the order: roots<branches<leaves,Na+content did: branches<roots<leaves.The 4 kinds of ions contents were larger in leaves than in branches or roots under the same NaCl concentration.The results showed most of the ions were transported to the leaves after entering the plants.It was deduced that the mode of salinity resistance was salt tolerance for M.roxburghiana and that the imbalance of Ca2+ related to the salt damage.厦门市科技计划项目(No.3502Z20092023

The Physiological Response of Synsepalum dulcifcum Denill Leaves to NaCl Stress

为明确神秘果(Synsepalum dulcifcum Denill)的耐盐能力,研究其在NaCl胁迫下的适应机制并丰富果树的耐盐机理,通过盆栽试验法,以0、2‰、4‰、6‰、8‰NaCl溶液分别对幼苗进行胁迫处理,测定叶片叶绿素、渗透调节物质、抗氧化物酶、丙二醛含量及土壤实际盐度。结果表明:在NaCl胁迫下,神秘果叶片的叶绿素合成受到明显抑制;超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)的活性随浓度增加而显著升高,过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性则是先升后降,在4‰时达到最高;可溶性蛋白含量与处理浓度呈负相关;脯氨酸、可溶性糖含量和对照相比有显著增加,推测脯氨酸和可溶性糖在胁迫过程中起着重要的渗透调节作用。To clear the tolerance and adaptive mechanism of S. dulcifcum and to rich the theory about the salt tolerance mechanism of fruit trees. The potted plants were watered with 0, 2‰, 4‰, 6‰, 8‰ NaCl and the physiological characteristics including the changes about chlorophyll, soluble protein, soluble proline, soluble sugar,SOD, POD, CAT, MDA of NaCl stress in S. dulcifcum leaves were measured. The result showed that the chlorophyll synthesis was significantly restricted under NaCl stress. The activity of SOD or POD increased clearly with the NaCl concentration, and the CAT activity increased to a peak under 4‰ NaCl and then dropped. The content of soluble protein dropped under NaCl stress while that of proline, soluble sugar increased significantly. It was deduced that proline or soluble sugar working as osmotic potentials in cells played a key role in salt tolerance of S. dulcifcum.厦门市科技计划项目(No.3502Z20092023

类泛素蛋白及其中文命名

泛素家族包括泛素及类泛素蛋白,约20种成员蛋白.近年来,泛素家族领域取得了迅猛发展,并已与生物学及医学研究的各个领域相互交叉.泛素家族介导的蛋白质降解和细胞自噬机制的发现分别于2004和2016年获得诺贝尔奖.但是,类泛素蛋白并没有统一规范的中文译名. 2018年4月9日在苏州召开的《泛素家族介导的蛋白质降解和细胞自噬》专著的编委会上,部分作者讨论了类泛素蛋白的中文命名问题,并在随后的\"泛素家族、自噬与疾病\"(Ubiquitinfamily,autophagy anddiseases)苏州会议上提出了类泛素蛋白中文翻译草案,此草案在参加该会议的国内学者及海外华人学者间取得了高度共识.冷泉港亚洲\"泛素家族、自噬与疾病\"苏州会议是由美国冷泉港实验室主办、两年一度、面向全球的英文会议.该会议在海内外华人学者中具有广泛影响,因此,参会华人学者的意见具有一定的代表性.本文介绍了10个类别的类泛素蛋白的中文命名,系统总结了它们的结构特点,并比较了参与各种类泛素化修饰的酶和它们的生物学功能.文章由45名从事该领域研究的专家合作撰写,其中包括中国工程院院士1名,相关学者4名,长江学者3名,国家杰出青年科学基金获得者18名和美国知名高校华人教授4名.他们绝大多数是参加编写即将由科学出版社出版的专著《泛素家族介导的蛋白质降解和细胞自噬》的专家

Correlation Between Leaf Anatomy and Salt Tolerance of 5 Sapotaceae Species

为探讨古巴牛乳树(Manilkara roxburghiana (Wight) Dubard)、人心果(M.zapota (L.) van; Royen)、蛋黄果(Lucuma nervosa A.DC.)、神秘果(Synsepalum dulcifcum; Denill)、星苹果(Chrysophyllum cainito; L.)叶片组织结构与其耐盐性的相关性,基于植株耐盐性强弱的研究,应用石蜡切片法,结合光学显微镜、扫描电镜研究了5种果树叶片的形态结构差异.结果表; 明:5种山榄科果树叶的气孔器均为无规则型;耐盐性较高的古巴牛乳树、人心果叶片的气孔器密度相对较小,叶片、角质层、表皮层、栅栏组织的厚度明显高于其; 他3种较不耐盐的树种,且叶片结构呈现出典型的适应性特征.初步推断5种山榄科果树叶片的气孔器密度、组织结构与植株的耐盐性具有一定的相关性.To explore the correlation between leaf anatomy of 5 Sapotaceae; species(Manilkara roxburghiana (Wight) Dubard,Manilkara zapota (L.) van; Royen,Synsepalum dulcifcum Denill, Lucuma nervosa A.DC. and; Chrysophyllum cainito L.)and their salt-tolerance,we adopted paraffin; section together with light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy; to illustrate the leaf anatomy. The results indicated that the 5; Sapotaceae species all showed the anomocytic stomatal type,however,both; M. roxburghiana and M. za pota had smaller stomatal density, as well as; thicker leaf, cuticula, epidermis and palisade tissue than the other; three sensitive species. Furthermore,the leaf structures of the two; Manilkara species revealed their adaptability to the salty condition.; Our preliminary study suggests that the stomatal density and leaf tissue; structure are correlated with the salt tolerance of 5 Sapotaceae; species.厦门市科技计划项