The Supplying Mechanism and System Innovation of Urban Water Industry: With Some Views on the Market-oriented Reform of Xiamen Water Group

由于城市水务业具有投资需求大、回收周期长、沉淀成本大，以及规模与网络经济十分显著等技术经济特征，因此，人们一直固守着一种观念：城市水务业是市场失灵的典型领域，城市水务等产品供给应该以财政投资为主导。 伴随着世界范围内的“新公共管理”趋势，城市水务等公用事业产品必须由政府垄断供给的神话终于被打破，人们开始意识到有必要去区分公共产品的“供给”与“生产”，并在城市水务行业中引入市场机制，打破政府垄断经营，实行民营化。因此，如何从公共财政学的视角，运用相关经济理论，对城市水务产品的供给主体与机制以及供给制度创新等问题进行分析，提出一些可行的政策建议，无疑具有重要的理论意义和现实意义。 本文共分为六...As the urban water industry have the characters of large demand of fund, long investment cycle, high sunk cost and scale economies, people always think it is a typical field of market failure and the supply of urban water goods should be invested by government. With the development of the new public administration around the world, the public goods of urban water is no longer invested by govern...学位：经济学硕士院系专业：经济学院财政金融系_财政学(含税收学)学号：S20044105

The FTIR Study on Morphologies of Si(111) Surfaces Chemically Prepared in NH_4F-HCl Solutions

【中文文摘】运用偏振衰减全反射傅立叶变换红外光谱技术 (ATR-FTIR) ,研究了 Si(1 1 1 )在不同比例的 NH4F-HCl溶液中腐蚀后的表面形态。通过分析表面振动模型的偏振波长及红外粗糙因子 ,表明在较低的 PH值的NH4F-HCl溶液中腐蚀的 Si(1 1 1 )表面粗糙度较大 ,与通过扫描隧道显微镜 (STM)技术测量的结果基本一致 【英文文摘】The morphologies of Si(111) surface etched in several NH 4F-HCl solutions have been studied by using polarized attenuated reflection FTIR spectroscopy.Analysis of the polarization position and IR roughness factor indicates that lower pH value leads to rough surfaces,which is consistent with the roughness measured with STM.福建省自然科学基金会 ( E0 110 0 0 4);; 国家自然科学基金重大研究计划 ( 90 2 0 60 39);; 国家重点基础研究发展规划( 0 0 1CB610 5 0 5 )的资

Neural mechanisms of 1-back working memory in intellectually gifted children

To investigate the neural mechanisms underlying intellectually gifted children, electroencephalograms (EEG) were recorded while 13 intellectually gifted children and 13 average children accomplished a 1-back working memory task. The results showed that intellectually gifted children elicited significantly shorter P3 latency than their intellectually average peers. These results support the neural efficiency theory that intellectually gifted individual can use their brain more efficiently

EFFECT OF STRUCTURAL RELAXATION ON THE DEFORMATION BEHAVIOR OF A Zr64.13Cu15.75Ni10.12Al10 BULK METALLIC GLASS UNDER NANOINDENTATION

Structural relaxation by isothermal annealing below the glass transition temperature is conducted on a Zr64.13Cu15.75Ni10.12Al10 bulk metallic glass. The effect of structural relaxation on thermal and mechanical properties was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry and instrumented nanoindentation. The recovery of the enthalpy in the DSC curves indicates that thermally unstable defects were annihilated through structural relaxation. During nanoindentation, the structural relaxation did not have a significant influence on the serrated plastic flow behavior. However, Structural relaxation shows an obvious effect in increasing both the hardness and elastic modulus, which is attributed to the annihilation of thermally unstable defects that resulted from the relaxation

Gold Nanoparticles Application in Gene Mutation Detection and SNP Analysis

[中文文摘]对特异核苷酸序列的高选择性检测在生物医学研究和临床检测中日趋重要.纳米金特殊的光学性质、电学性质、化学性质、以及良好的生物相容性,使之成为检测生物大分子的首选工具.本文介绍了几种典型的基因突变检测及单核苷酸多态性(SNP)分析系统:基因芯片、生物传感器和光学检测系统.综述了多种颇有新意的检测方法和原理,详细阐明了它们的检测机制和研究进展,分析并比较了纳米金不同的作用方式,为纳米金在突变检测上的进一步研究提供了一定思路和参考.[英文文摘]Highly selective detection of specific oligonucleotide sequences is increasingly important in biomedical research and clinical diagnosis.The excellent optical,electrical,and chemical properties make gold nanoparticles(GNPs) unique tools for biomolecule detection.GNPs-based methods for the detection of gene mutation and single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) are more selective,sensitive,and cost-efficient,compared to the conventional technologies,which require bulky and expensive instruments or involve time-cost procedures. This paper presents and demonstrates the principles and mechanisms of several typical GNPs-based methods for gene mutation and SNP analysis , aiming to provide some ideas and references for further studies.福建省青年科技人才创新项目(No.2006F3128)资助

稀薄大气密度涨落对高空超高速飞行器气动性能的影响

地球周围的大气环境特性,随高度的上升,显著变化。对于本文关心的高度100km附近高超声速飞行器气动特性而言,稀薄大气密度涨落影响是一个重要的问题。按照大气层划分,高度100 km属于热层。热层的下界高度约86 km,上界高度与太阳活动有关,在太阳宁静期约为200 km,太阳活动期约500 km。热层下接中间层(高度50～86 km),上连电离层(高度80～1000 km),大气研究已知,中间层主要受重力波和湍流影响,电离层主要受太阳活动和地磁效应影响。高度100 km附近空域,处在热层下界,重力波、湍流、太阳活动和地磁效应等均有影响,理论上需要Navier-Stokes方程和Maxwell方程..

典型氟工业园周边河流沉积物中全(多)氟化合物的分布特征

采用超高效液相色谱/质谱联用(UPLC/MS-MS)分析了我国重要的氟化物工业园区周边河流———辽宁细河(阜新段)、山东小清河(淄博段)和长江(江苏常熟段)表层沉积物中全(多)氟烷基化合物(PFASs)的污染状况.细河表层沉积物中,PFASs含量范围(以干重计,下同)为15.8~ 2770ng·g~(-1),全氟丁烷磺酸(PFBS)和六氟环氧丙烷二聚酸(HFPO-DA)是主要污染物;小清河表层沉积物中,PFASs含量为12.2~ 7853ng·g~(-1),全氟烷基辛酸(PFOA)和HFPO-DA为主要污染物;长江表层沉积物中,PFASs含量为9.20~ 35.9ng·g~(-1),全氟十四酸(PFTeDA)和6∶ 2氟调磺酸(6∶ 2FTS)为主要污染物.工业园区废水排放(点源污染)是本研究中3个区域PFASs的主要来源.3个区域PFASs含量及组成差异明显,与工业园区生产规模和产业类型有关.PFASs含量及各组分含量与TOC、沉积物粒径没有显著相关性,PFASs各组分间相关性也有差异,说明PFASs在沉积物中的富集过程与多种因素有关