Well Width Dependence of Band Gap Renormalization of Single ZnO/MgZnO Quantum Well

通过室温下的时间积分光致发光(Pl)谱,研究了阱宽lW渐变的znO/Mg0.1zn0.9O单量子阱在高激发强度下的能带重正化与阱宽的关系。实验中光生载流子浓度为n=1.6x1014CM-2,在lW从2.3 nM渐变到4.3 nM,Pl谱峰位的红移量从5.9 MEV变化到97.1 MEV。红移量随阱宽增大而增加,但增加率却逐渐减少。当lW>2αb(αb,znO体材料激子玻尔半径,约为2 nM)时,红移量逐渐呈现出饱和的趋势(100 MEV)。研究发现峰位的红移是由于多体效应所导致的能隙收缩以及在高的激发强度下带内填充效应的这两种机理相互竞争的结果。Band gap renormalization of ZnO/Mg0.1Zn0.9O single quantum well(QW) with gradual well width(Lw) is studied by room-temperature time integrated photoluminescence(PL) spectra at high excitation power density.The photo-generated carrier density is n=1.6×1014 cm-2 and the magnitude of red shift of PL spectrum peak increases from 5.9 meV to 97.1 meV with Lw changing from 2.3 nm to 4.3 nm.With Lw increaseing,the red shift increases but the increase rate gradually decreases.When Lw>2αB(αB,the exciton Bohr radius of ZnO bulk,is about 2 nm),the red shift starts to be gradually saturated.It is found that the red shift is the competition result of energy gap contraction due to many body effect and intraband filling effect at high excitation power density.The result is useful for designing and application of ZnO QW-based optoelectronic devices.国家973计划(2004CB719804);国家自然科学基金(60876007);广州市科技局推荐项目(2005Z3-C7451)资助课

类泛素蛋白及其中文命名

泛素家族包括泛素及类泛素蛋白,约20种成员蛋白.近年来,泛素家族领域取得了迅猛发展,并已与生物学及医学研究的各个领域相互交叉.泛素家族介导的蛋白质降解和细胞自噬机制的发现分别于2004和2016年获得诺贝尔奖.但是,类泛素蛋白并没有统一规范的中文译名. 2018年4月9日在苏州召开的《泛素家族介导的蛋白质降解和细胞自噬》专著的编委会上,部分作者讨论了类泛素蛋白的中文命名问题,并在随后的\"泛素家族、自噬与疾病\"(Ubiquitinfamily,autophagy anddiseases)苏州会议上提出了类泛素蛋白中文翻译草案,此草案在参加该会议的国内学者及海外华人学者间取得了高度共识.冷泉港亚洲\"泛素家族、自噬与疾病\"苏州会议是由美国冷泉港实验室主办、两年一度、面向全球的英文会议.该会议在海内外华人学者中具有广泛影响,因此,参会华人学者的意见具有一定的代表性.本文介绍了10个类别的类泛素蛋白的中文命名,系统总结了它们的结构特点,并比较了参与各种类泛素化修饰的酶和它们的生物学功能.文章由45名从事该领域研究的专家合作撰写,其中包括中国工程院院士1名,相关学者4名,长江学者3名,国家杰出青年科学基金获得者18名和美国知名高校华人教授4名.他们绝大多数是参加编写即将由科学出版社出版的专著《泛素家族介导的蛋白质降解和细胞自噬》的专家

月湖底栖动物的空间格局及其对水草可恢复区的指示

底质适宜是富营养湖泊恢复沉水植物（水草）的重要前提。大型底栖动物可综合指示底质的污染程度，于2002-2003年在武汉月湖开展了底栖动物水平分布对水草可恢复区指示作用的研究。首先通过月湖底栖动物与环境的相关分析，选择颤蚓科寡毛类作为底质营养状况的指示类群，然后利用同类湖泊群颤蚓与水草数据分析阈值，初步确定颤蚓密度≤100ind／m^2的底质适合水草生长，最后绘制月湖颤蚓分布的水平等值线，显示水草恢复的合适区域。在此基础上构建了应用底栖动物空间格局指示水草恢复区的技术原理框架

Safety nets for improved tilapia

With more farmers adopting aquaculture as an option for improving food production and farm income, scientists are looking at ways to raise productivity through genetic improvement. This carries a number of risks, principally in terms of the fish escaping into the wild and endangering endemic species. Much of the fish breeders focus has been on the Nile tilapia species, Oreochromis niloticus, which has captured a place in both the local and export markets of many countries in Africa, the Caribbean and beyond. The Netherlands growing import volume of tilapia, for example, comes mainly from fish farms in Jamaica. Specialists, almost 50, from 10 African countries and scientific and international organisations gathered in Nairobi in February 2002 to develop guidelines to foster the development of aquaculture while maintaining biodiversity. The meeting, organised by ICLARM the World Fish Centre, in collaboration with the Convention on Biological Diversity, CTA, FAO, IUCN and UNEP, issued the sort of Declaration that is so fashionable in seminars these days. All good stuff: identifying areas in Africa with unique wild stocks and managing them as conservation areas, protected from alien or genetically altered species; strengthening the collection of baseline data on fish genetic diversity; drawing up international codes for the movement of germplasm; drafting incentives and legislation for ensuring that those 'to whom benefits accrue' also bear the costs of rectifying damaged environments. These safety nets, though, are full of holes before they start. Delegates spoke of poor implementation of existing protocols, weak institutions, and lack of trained personnel and financial resources. Get darning! [caption to illustration] Any movement of fish between natural ecological boundaries such as watersheds may involve risk to biodiversityWith more farmers adopting aquaculture as an option for improving food production and farm income, scientists are looking at ways to raise productivity through genetic improvement. This carries a number of risks, principally in terms of the fish..

ランダム量子回路の機械学習 (研究の進捗発表)

publishe

中国脑血管病临床管理指南（第2版）（节选）——第5章 脑出血临床管理 Chinese Stroke Association Guidelines for Clinical Management of Cerebrovascular Diseases (Second Edition) (Excerpt) ——Chapter Five Clinical Management of Intracerebral Hemorrhage

自发性脑出血是卒中的一种严重亚型，在中国卒中患者中占23.4%，以急性发病、病情迅速变化以及高致死和致残率为显著特点。鉴于管理脑出血所面临的紧迫和复杂挑战，本指南旨在为其临床处理提供系统性和全面性的推荐意见。本章节覆盖了从脑出血院前评估、医疗干预到二级预防和康复的各个关键环节。在具体推荐方面，本指南根据不同的证据等级，为早期诊断、影像学评估、急性期干预、内科和重症监护、外科干预以及二级预防策略提供了指导，旨在全面提升自发性脑出血诊疗的科学性和系统管理质量。 Abstract: Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage represents a severe subtype of stroke, accounting for approximately 23.4% of stroke cases in China. It is characterized by its rapid onset, swift disease progression, and high rates of mortality and disability. Given the urgency and complexity in managing intracerebral hemorrhage, this guideline aims to provide systematic and comprehensive recommendations for its clinical management. This chapter covers all key aspects ranging from pre-hospital evaluation and medical intervention to secondary prevention and rehabilitation. With respect to specific recommendations, this guideline offers exhaustive guidance based on varying levels of evidence for early diagnosis, imaging assessments, acute-phase interventions, medical and ICU management, surgical interventions, and secondary prevention strategies, with the ultimate aim of enhancing the scientific rigor and systematic quality of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage management

近70年来中国自然地理与生存环境基础研究的重要进展与展望

自然环境是人类赖以生存和发展的基础,探索自然环境及其各要素(如地貌、气候、水文、土壤等)的特征、演变过程、地域分异规律以及驱动机制是自然地理学的重点研究内容.中国自然地理要素类型丰富且区域差异较大,为开展自然地理研究提供了难得的机遇.文章主要围绕青藏高原隆升与亚洲内陆干旱化及河流发育、高原冰冻圈环境演化、全新世多时间尺度季风与西风气候变化、湖泊与湿地、流域模型与土壤侵蚀、过去人-地关系演化、生物地理及中国三维地带性规律等几个方面,梳理了近70年来中国自然地理与生存环境研究的重大理论进展与重要贡献.在简要交代国际前沿研究进展的基础上,回顾并梳理了中国自然地理学各分支领域的研究脉络,进一步聚焦重大研究成果或具有较大争议、重大影响的学术争鸣问题,归纳目前研究现状,并进行未来工作展望.最后提出在推进生态文明建设的国家需求下,应发挥中国自然地理研究的优势,厘清自然地理要素变化的过程、规律与机制,持续推进中国自然地理研究为国家战略服务,在全球视野下做出具有中国特色的自然地理学理论贡献