チュウゴク ニオケル セイショク ホジョ イリョウ ノ ジョウキョウ

摘要美子生殖補助医症的宴施，目前中国尚没有明碗的法律規定。近年来，中国ヱ生部公布了一系列実施技ボ規萢、伶理原則等管理亦法。然而，由干：E生部的管理亦法只是針対医症机杓実施輔助医症技未的行政管理規章，井不能成力司法判断的法律依据，所以，現宴中利用生殖輔助医庁技木遊行商並活劫等現象日益狽獄，己引起全社会対立法的　浸要求和美注。本文概述了迭一現状，着重介鋸和探村了目前美干立法的各和児解

中国における民営非学歴高等教育機関の経営行動 : 湖南省にある外国語専修学院(M校)の事例分析を中心に

There are three types of private higher educational organizations in China: four-year universities, three-year colleges (high vocational polytechnic colleges) and non-academic credential colleges (specialized colleges & self-taught adult education test schools).Working through the case study of a specialized college (M College) in Hunan province and getting knowledge of the preceding study in China and Japan, I\u27d like to investigate in this essay what kind of influence the government policy and law, the market mechanism (the number of students, social needs and social economic environment, etc.) and proprietor\u27s executive ability (management judgment and the funding ability) have, to the management behavior of the specialized college in four development stages of private higher educational organizations.Management of Chinese non-academic credential education is independent management mainly, but it is also subject to restrictions and participation of the government. It is expected to reorganize by the government to restrict the new set-up of private higher educational organizations in three or five years later. It is urgent to think about the measurements which can make the specialized college develop continuously and the management strategy & management behavior which can make the specialized college survive under such situation

成人看護学実習における臨床実習指導者の指導に対する学生の認識

【目的】本研究の目的は、臨床実習指導者の指導に対する学生の認識を明らかにすることである。【方法】2016年10月～12月にB病院で成人看護学実習を履修したA大学看護学部３年生84名を対象に、臨床実習指導者の指導方法やサポート等について自由記述で回答を求め、得られたデータを質的帰納的に分析した。【結果】学生が認識していた臨床実習指導者の指導として、《看護計画・行動計画の発表時間の調整》《学生の自己効力感を高め、エンパワーする関わり》《ロールモデルとなる言動》《学生の経験の深化と拡充の支援》《実習しやすい物理的・人的環境作り》《学生指導に対する無関心の様相》の６つのカテゴリーが抽出された。【考察】学生は臨床実習指導者からの指導や関わりについて肯定的に評価しており、臨床実習指導者の指導やサポートを受けながら看護体験を深めていると認識していることが示された。しかし、臨床実習指導者の学生指導に対する無関心さも抽出されており、課題をさらに明確化した実習指導改善の取り組みが必要であることが示唆された

中国における民弁高等教育行政 : 中国湖南省の事例分析を中心に

In this text, the current state and the problem of the non-government higher education and the administration are verified by analyzing the case of Hunan China. And, the characteristic of the effect and the administration of the continuing condition and the administration of the non-government higher education organization are clarified from the management realities of the nongovernment higher education organization. // The ideal way of administrative management to secure making of the management of the non-government higher education organization is pointed out

＜個人論文＞中国における民弁高等教育機関経営に関する研究動向

The focus of this paper is to analysis the prior research of the management of the non-government higher education organizations. The typical books and the thesis about the non-government higher education of four developmental stages from 1978 to present are outlined, and the research trend in the future is presented.// The administrative management and the management activities of non-government higher education organizations have been changed according to the market needs and policy guidance of government. That is why the research content is also being changed. For this reason, the research of the management of non-government higher education organizations under the management mechanism is becoming more important now. This is just the meaning of this paper

＜個人論文＞中国における民弁高等教育機関経営に関する実証的研究 : 湖南省の事例分析を中心に

From the period of Reform and Opening, the system of marketization of the education has been introduced in China. The establishment of non-government higher education organizations in China has become possible again. The non-government higher education in China has passed three different kinds of periods: "the period of recovery" (1978-1991), "the period of fast development" (1992-1996) and "the period of management by law" (After 1997). It is said that the local non-government higher education organizations are being adjusted under the macro control from Chinese central government now. The management of these organizations is becoming more difficult under the new policy of education system changing slowly from market economy to planning management.// In this paper, Complete non-government, which is one kind of non-government higher education organizations was chosen as the object of study. By clarifying the actual condition of the school management as well as the factors of its successes and the failures, I would like to study the management strategy and policy indemnification, which can make the non-government higher education organizations in china keep up developing and succeeding forever

Effects of Soil Moisture and salt on Populations Distribution of Two Halophytes

盐生植物的开发利用对于改良盐渍土、遏制土地荒漠化，改善干旱和半干旱区生态环境具有重要作用。人们对盐生植物耐盐特性有一定的认识，但目前为止，由于受到条件的限制，对于植物耐盐性的认识大多是通过室内人工调控的方法获得，在野外原位条件下研究植物对土壤盐分的耐受范围鲜见报道。 本研究以浆果猪毛菜(Salsola foliosa(L.)schard.)和刺毛碱蓬(Suaeda acuminata (C.A.Mey.)Moq.)这两种具有不同盐分适应性的盐生植物为试验材料，通过野外实验调查这两种盐生植物种群适宜生存的盐度范围，研究盐分、水分等重要环境因子对种群分布、更新和演替的影响，以明确盐渍作为主要的限制因子影响盐生植物种群分布的规律，为干旱、半干旱区生态的恢复以及研究盐生植物种群动态和的变化提供重要的依据。 研究结果表明在浆果猪毛菜种群生境内，随着表层土壤盐分含量的增加，水分含量的降低，浆果猪毛菜种群密度、盖度逐渐减小。浆果猪毛菜种群在群落中的优势度受深层土壤盐分含量影响显著，土壤含盐量增加，浆果猪毛菜种群优势度降低。 刺毛碱蓬种群密度和优势度在整个幼苗生长期内受土壤盐分和水分含量影响不显著。刺毛碱蓬和浆果猪毛菜萌发策略不同，浆果猪毛菜在适宜的环境条件下，种群密度迅速增加至最高值，而后下降；而刺毛碱蓬种群密度则是逐渐增加，达致最高点后不断下降。The utilization of halophyte plays an important role in the improvement of salted soil and prevention of the soil desertification and protection of the ecological environment of arid and semi-arid regions. The attention has been paid to salt tolerance and performance of halophytes in extremely saline environment. However, due to the restrictions on research methods, the cognition to salt tolerance was obtained by artificial means mostly, and it has been scarcely reported about soil salinity tolerance by the field site experiment so far. In this study, two halophytes - Salsola foliosa and Suaeda acuminata that have different salt tolerance were chosen as experimental materials. The range of salt tolerance of two halophytes and the effect of soil salt and moisture on population distribution and succession were investigated. The purposes of this study were: firstly, to understand the effect of soil salt on halophyte population distribution, secondly, to provide an important basis for ecological restoration of arid and semi-arid regions and halophyte population dynamics. The result indicated that the population density and coverage of Salsola foliosa decreases gradually with the rise of soil salt content and reduction of soil moisture of surface layer soil in habitat of Salsola foliosa. Soil salt content (0-90 cm) significantly affected population dominance of Salsola foliosa. With salt content increasing the dominance of population decreased. During the whole seedling stage, the population density and dominance of Suaeda acuminata were not significantly affected by soil salt and moisture content. The strategy of germination was different between Salsola foliosa and Suaeda acuminata. On the suitable environment, the population density of Salsola foliosa increased to the highest value rapidly and then decreased gradually. But, the population density of Suaeda acuminata is increased gradually