Optimization of β-Cyclodextrin Inclusion Technology of Volatile Oil from Pueraria Compound by Orthogonal Design

目的优选葛根复方挥发油的包合工艺,提高制剂的稳定性。方法采用饱和水溶液法制备包合物,以挥发油中藁本内酯、桂皮醛、甲基丁香酚包合率及包合物得率为综合评价指标,采用正交试验法考察挥发油与β-环糊精的比例、包合时间、包合温度对包合工艺的影响,优化得到葛根复方中挥发油的最优包合工艺。结果葛根复方中挥发油的最佳包合工艺条件为挥发油与β-环糊精比例为1∶8,包合温度为30℃,包合时间为1h,验证试验中,藁本内酯、桂皮醛及甲基丁香酚的包合率为别为86.58%±0.009%,73.34%±0.001%,68.89%±0.020%,包合物得率为67.98%±0.047%。结论所确定的包合工艺挥发油的包合率高、工艺稳定可行。Objective To obtain the optimized technology of volatile oil from Pueraria Compound with β-Cyclodextrin（ β-CD）. Methods The inclusion compound was prepared by saturated peroxide solution method. In order to optimize inclusion technology,orthogonal design was performed,with the content of multi-target ingredient,such as ligustilide,cinnamic aldehyde,methyleugenol and the yield of inclusion as comprehensive evaluation indexes. Three factor was performed,the ratio of volatile oil（ m L） to β-CD（ g）,the inclusion temperature and the inclusion time. Results The optimum conditions for inclusion process were as follow： the ratio of volatile oil（ m L） to β-CD（ g） was 1： 8,the inclusion temperature was 30℃ and the inclusion time was 1h. With the optimum inclusion condition,the content of ligustilide,cinnamic aldehyde and methyleugenol and the yield of inclusion were 86. 58% ± 0. 009%,73. 34% ± 0. 001%,68. 89% ± 0. 020%,and 67. 98% ± 0. 047%,respectively.Conclusion The optimum inclusion condition was stable and reproducible with a high inclusion yield.国家自然科学基金（No.81270901）;上海市教委基金（No.15cxy21

New Process of Palladium Electroplating Form Potassium Citrate Bath

研究在柠檬酸钾和草酸铵镀液体系中镀钯工艺。结果表明，采用本实验室研制的添加剂XP-4和XP-7以及PPS和ff，则可在电流密度0.5~3.5A/dM2、温度40~60℃的宽范围内获得全光亮的钯电沉积层。钯沉积的电流效率和沉积速度在镀液中钯含量为10g/l、1.0A/dM2的条件下分别可达到92.0%和0.25μM/MIn，并随电流密度和镀液中钯含量的变化而改变。XP-4和XP-7均阻化钯的电沉积，提高钯电沉积的过电位。它们共存时可使把电沉积的电位负移达240MV。Process of Pd plating From system of potassium citrate and ammonium oxalate is investigated.Results show, with additives of XP-4, XP-7, PPS and FF prepared in our laboratory, Full bright Pd electrodeposit can be obtained in wide range of 0.5-3.5 A/dm2 and 4a-60℃ and at 1.0 A/dm2 and Pd 10 g/L contg in bath, current eFFiciency and deposition rate are 92.0% and 0.25μm/min respectively,which will be changed with change of c.d.and Pd content in bath.Both XP-4 and XP-7 inhibit Pd electrodeposition and cause increase of deposition overpotential.Their co existence can make Pd electrodeposition potential shiFt to negative value, up to 240mV

甲烷水合物在天然砂中的分解动力学研究

研究了在常压、275.1 K条件下,甲烷水合物在天然砂中的分解动力学,考察了天然砂粒径、水合物饱和度(40%,30%,20%)、NaCl对甲烷水合物分解过程中产气量及温度的影响。实验结果表明,在水合物饱和度相同的条件下,甲烷水合物在中值粒径为55μm的天然砂中初期分解速率最快。在水合物饱合度为30%~40%的天然砂中,在中值粒径为87μm的天然砂中获得了最大产气量;在水合物饱合度为20%的天然砂中,在中值粒径为24μm的天然砂中产气量最大。天然砂中的无机盐可以极大地促进甲烷水合物的分解。在含3.5%(w)NaCl溶液的沉积物中,当水合物饱和度约为30%时,甲烷水合物在中值粒径为87μm天然砂中产气量较纯水体系降低了约69.89%

nacl溶液中co2置换ch4水合物的分子动力学模拟

The process of methane hydrate replacement with carbon dioxide in aqueous NaCl solutions is investigated using molecule dynamics simulation.The results show that at the beginning of the simulations,the cages near the hydrate/solution interface distort i

胺基聚醇AP-1和有机硅抑制剂GWJ及其复合剂对水合物生成的影响

利用自制装置，模拟深水钻井中的温度和压力，考察不同含量的胺基聚醇AP-1、有机硅抑制剂GWJ和胺基聚醇AP-1与有机硅抑制剂GWJ的复合剂对钻井液中水合物生成的影响。实验结果表明，当胺基聚醇AP-1含量为0．5％（w）时促进水合物的生成；当胺基聚醇AP-1含量为1．0％（w）或2．0％（w）时则抑制水合物的生成，且随胺基聚醇AP-1含量的增加，其对水合物生成的抑制作用增强；当有机硅抑制剂GWJ含量为2．0％（w）时促进水合物的生成，水合物生成速率随有机硅抑制剂GWJ含量的增加而降低；在初始压力7MPa、初始温度4℃时，当添加胺基聚醇AP-1含量为2．0％（w）和有机硅抑制剂GWJ含量为2．0％（w）的复合剂时，水合物生成的诱导时间为580min，有效抑制了水合物的生成

Effects of Amino Polymeric Alcohol AP-1, Organic Silicon Inhibitor GWJ and Their Complex on the Hydrate Formation

The effects of amino polymeric alcohol AP-1 with different content, organic silicon inhibitor GWJ and their complex agents on the hydrate formation in drilling fluid were studied in a self-made experimental installation. The results showed that 0.5%（w） A

Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Methane Hydrate Replacement With Carbon Dioxide in Aqueous NaCl Solutions

The process of methane hydrate replacement with carbon dioxide in aqueous NaCl solutions is investigated using molecule dynamics simulation.The results show that at the beginning of the simulations,the cages near the hydrate/solution interface distort i

Study of the PerFormance of Gun-colour Sn-Ni Plating Film

研究了镀液成分和工艺条件对论黑色Sn-nI合金镀层性能的影响，结果表明，改变镀液中金属比可获得高锡（75WT%）、中锡和低锡且颜色不同的合金镀层。添加剂XSn-2浓度、PH值、温度（＜45℃）和电流密度变化使锡含量有规律地变化。镀层的耐磨性和抗变色性不仅与锡含量有关，也与镀层厚度有关。EFFects of bath composition and working conditions on perFormance of gun-colour Sn-Ni electroplating Film have been investigated.Results show alloy plating Films with high Sn (75 wt.%),medidm Sn and low Sn content and with diFFerent tone colour can be obtained by changing ratio of metals in bath.Concentration of additive XSN- 2, pH, temperature (<45℃) and c.d.can make Sn con-tent in plating Film change in regular manner.Wear resistance and discolour resistance are dependent not only on Sn content but on thickness of plating Film

Gun-Colour Sn-Ni Alloy Electroplating

研究了电镀枪黑色锡镍合金XSn焦磷酸盐镀液的性能，结果表明，控制镀液中SnCl2·2H2O/nICl2·6H2O浓度比，可获得不同色调和光亮范围的镀层。在电沉积过程中，XSn-2对nI起极化作用，对Sn起去极化作用，使Sn和nI的沉积电位接近，易于沉积高Sn含量的Sn-nI合金。沉积速度主要取决于镀液中Sn和nI金属离子的总浓度，适当增加金属离子总浓度，有利于提高沉积速度。中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所固体润滑开放研究实验室基

沉积物中天然气水合物生成与分解过程的电阻率变化

测定天然气水合物在沉积物形成和分解过程中电阻率的变化对海底天然气水合物的勘探开采具有重要的意义。利用设计的水合物实验装置,以99.9%的甲烷气体—3.5%氯化钠溶液—南海沉积物为研究体系,模拟测量了温度周期变化下海底沉积物中天然气水合物形成与分解过程的电阻率。实验结果表明：当水合物在沉积物中生成时,沉积物电阻率增大。水合物初始成核时,沉积物的电阻率从4.493Ω·m减小至3.173Ω·m,随着水合物的大量形成、聚集,沉积物的电阻率增大至3.933Ω·m,最后随着松散的水合物逐渐老化致密,沉积物的电阻率逐渐减小趋于稳定至3.494Ω·m。当水合物分解时,沉积物电阻率减小。沉积物的电阻率随水合物的分解从6.763Ω·m减小到2.675Ω·m,最后趋于稳定至2.411Ω·m。温度震荡可促进沉积物中高饱和度水合物的形成,并且沉积物的电阻率随水合物饱和度增加而增大。样品的水合物饱和度从初次水合物生成时的21.80%增大到水合物再次生成时的82.17%,其电阻率从3.494Ω·m增到6.763Ω·m