Study of Environmental Effect about Trade in Goods and Their Policy ——Empirical Analysis on China

随着中国加入世界贸易组织，中国的货物贸易进出口额逐年增加，由此带来了中国经济的快速发展、人民生活水平提高等正面效应。同时，货物贸易的发展也影响到了生态环境。本文通过构建货物贸易影响环境的分析框架，从静态和动态两个方面来看待这个问题。 通过本文第二章的分析可知，从短期静态角度看，货物贸易出口因为其产品中污染密集型产品比重小，并且其所占的出口比重逐年下降，所以会对环境产生有利影响。同时，货物贸易进口因为其产品中污染密集型产品比重大，对国内污染有很大程度的替代，所以对环境也是有有利影响的。 本文第三章从长期动态角度，将货物贸易对环境的影响分为规模效应、结构效应和科技效应三种效应。通过对中国实际数...The import and export of trade in goods of China increase rapidly after China joining the WTO. It brings some good effects like development of the economy and advance of people’s living standard. And the trade in goods also affects the environment of China. This article analyzes the effects from static and dynamic view. As the analysis in the chapter 2, from the static view, the export of goods h...学位：经济学硕士院系专业：经济学院国际贸易系_国际贸易学学号：2005130108

Comparison of mechanism for copper-excretion between Gandouling Tablets and penicillamine by metabonomics

目的探讨肝豆灵片(大黄、黄芩、黄连、半枝莲等)和青霉胺对大鼠的代谢物,以比较两者排铜机制异同。方法适应性饲养1周后,大鼠被随机分为对照组、模型组、肝豆灵组、青霉胺组。造模结束后,取各组大鼠血清样品分析其核磁共振谱峰。结果模型组大鼠血清乳酸、糖蛋白、肌酸、肌酐、谷氨酰胺、精氨酸的量升高,葡萄糖、甜菜碱、胆碱、磷酸胆碱、脂质的量降低;青霉胺组大鼠血清葡萄糖、甜菜碱、胆碱、胆碱磷酸、脂质的量升高,糖蛋白、乳酸、肌酸、肌酐、谷氨酰胺的量降低;肝豆灵组大鼠血清3-羟基丁酸、亮氨酸、异亮氨酸、缬氨酸、胆碱、胆碱磷酸、葡萄糖、脂质的量升高,谷氨酰胺、乳酸、肌酸、肌酐、精氨酸的量降低。结论青霉胺与肝豆灵均可明显调节铜负荷大鼠的葡萄糖、乳酸、肌酸、肌酐、胆碱、磷酸胆碱、谷氨酰胺和脂质向正常范围回归的趋势。而肝豆灵片还可调节鸟氨酸循环、支链氨基酸、3-羟基丁酸及氨的代谢。AIM To apply metabonomics to the exploration of differences in mechanism for copper-excretion between Gandouling Tablets( Rheum officinale Baill.,Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi,Coptis chinensis Franch.,Scutellaria barbata D. Don,etc.) and penicillamine. METHODS After adaptive breeding for one week,the tested rats were randomly divided into four groups, including control, model, Gandouling Tablets and penicillamine group. After modeling,the sera of all groups were analyzed by1H-NMR spectroscopy. RESULTS The model group showed increased levels of lactate, glutamine, glycoprotein, creatine, creatinine and arginine,together with decreased levels of glucose,betaine,choline,phosphocholine and lipid. Penicillamine group had increased levels of glucose,betaine,choline,phosphocholine and lipid,together with decreased levels of glutamine,glycoprotein,lactate,creatine and creatinine. While Gandouling Tablets increased 3-hydroxybutyrate,leucine, isoleucine, valine, choline, phosphocholine, glucose and lipid, but decreased glutamine,lactate,creatine,creatinine and arginine. CONCLUSION There is a similarity of mechanism for copper excretion between Gandouling Tablets and penicillamine, mainly in the metabolic regulation of glutamine, lactate,creatine,creatinine, glucose, choline, phosphocholine and lipid returning to normal. Moreover,Gandouling Tablets can regulate the metabolisms of ornithine cycle,3- hydroxybutyric acid and branched chain amino acids.国家自然科学基金青年基金资助(81202691);; 安徽省高校自然科学基金重点项目(KJ2012Z228);; 安徽省高校博士后岗位项目(2013年

Research progress on the objectification, quantitation and standardization of tongue manifestation in traditional Chinese medicine

舌诊是中医诊断学的重要组成部分,舌象在中医临床治疗中具有重要的诊断意义与辨证价值。传统中医舌象易受主客观因素影响,难以客观化、定量化、标准化,严; 重制约舌象临床应用及发展。随着医学、计算机等现代技术的迅猛发展,中医舌象客观量化研究取得了长足进步,并被应用于基础及临床研究。文章对近几年中医舌; 象采集分析系统、舌象定量化研究、现代仪器应用与舌象基础研究进行概述,为舌象应用于临床治疗提供客观、科学的思路与方法。Tongue diagnosis is an important part of traditional Chinese medicine; (TCM), and the tongue manifestation is also important in the diagnosis; and syndrome differentiation in TCM clinical treatment. However, due to; the lack of objective, quantitative and standardized valuation, with it; being susceptible to subjective and objective factors, the application; and development of traditional tongue diagnosis is limited for a long; period. Recently, with the rapid development of medical and other modern; technology, the objectification, quantitation and standardization of TCM; tongue manifestation have been received great progress, including the; progress in basic and clinical researches. Recent researches on the; tongue image acquisition and analysis system, the quantitation of tongue; manifestation, the application of modern instruments and the basic; research in tongue manifestation were reviewed to provide certain; objective and scientific ideas and methods for TCM tongue manifestation.教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划; 中国博士后科学基金面上项

月湖底泥疏浚后底栖动物群落的恢复及其与环境的关系

研究对月湖底泥疏浚后底栖动物群落动态进行逐月的周年调查,并分析了底栖动物密度、生物多样性与环境因子的关系,结果表明:疏浚导致大型底栖动物基本消失,现存量从疏浚前的(4387±885)ind·m-2降低至(80±21)ind·m-2。疏浚后,寡毛类成为受干扰系统恢复过程中的先锋种类,在春季(4月)和秋冬之际(11月)出现2个密度高峰,分别为(1010±230)ind·m-2和(1538±408)ind·m-2,而摇蚊幼虫在疏浚一年后的秋冬季密度达到高峰(2021±612)ind·m-2,二者均基本恢复到疏浚前的密度水平。种类组成与疏浚前相似,优势种类数较疏浚前多,7月份以前,以霍甫水丝蚓占绝对优势,7月份以后以长足摇蚊占绝对优势。生物多样性在秋冬季恢复到疏浚前水平。寡毛类、摇蚊幼虫的密度、生物多样性与湖水溶氧、透明度呈显著正相关,与水体营养水平(TN、TP、有机碎屑)呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。分析认为疏浚后底栖动物群落的季节变化与动物的生命周期(繁殖和生长)密切相关,而营养水平不是限制动物种群密度分布的主要因子。从底栖动物群落的恢复情况来看,疏浚后的底质环境更有利于底栖动物群落的生存和底栖生态系统的重建

Synthesis and Characterization of Micron-size Monodisperse Carboxylated Polystyrene Microspheres

文章通过分散聚合法,以苯乙烯(ST)为聚合单体,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)为稳定剂,偶氮二异丁腈(AIbn)为引发剂,乙醇和水作为分散介质,合成微米级聚苯乙烯微球,并以此微球为种子,利用种子修饰法进一步合成羧基聚苯乙烯微球,并对合成的羧基微球单分散性、表面形貌及表面羧基密度进行表征。结果表明,在合成的聚苯乙烯微球表面成功连接上羧基基团,微球具有较高的羧基密度,并且保持良好的单分散性,适合下一步在其表面进行化学与生物活化以制备液相芯片的敏感元件。Micron-size monodispersed polystyrene microspheres were prepared by using styrene(St),poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone)(PVP),2,2'-azo-bisisobutyronitrile(AIBN),ethanol/water,as monomer,stabilizer,initiator and the media through dispersion polymerization and then modified with carboxyl group on the surface.We also characterized the surface morphology and determined the carboxyl content of the microspheres.Monodisperse Carboxylated polystyrene microspheres with the mean size of 2.2 μm diameter and the smooth surface were obtained.The prepared microspheres are of good characteristics to be applied for the sensing unit carriers of the liquid biochips.国家国家自然科学基金(20775065;20835005);教育部高校博士点基金(20070384023);国家基础科学人才培养基金(J1030415)资

玻碳电极表面复合配位银电结晶机理研究

以具有实际应用价值的复合配位体系无氰镀银电解液为研究对象,运用循环伏安和电位阶跃等实验方法,结合Scharifker-Hill经典理论模型分析,成功获得了Ag在玻碳电极(GCE)表面电沉积的成核机理及成核动力学参数,并分析了温度对成核方式及成核动力学参数的影响.结果表明,该体系下Ag在GCE表面的电沉积是由扩散控制的不可逆过程,遵循三维瞬时成核生长机理.随着阶跃电位从-750 m V负移至-825 m V,峰值还原电流Im逐渐增大,达到峰值还原电流所需时间tm逐渐缩短,扩散系数D变化不大,基本稳定在(7.61±0.34)×10-5cm2·s-1,成核密度数N0则从3.26×105cm-2提高至10.2×105cm-2.银沉积初期的形貌观察,验证了其三维瞬时成核生长机理.提高温度可以显著改善电解液中具备活性的银配位离子的扩散能力,缩短成核时间,提升成核密度数N0.国家自然科学基金项目(No.21621091)资

Underwater acoustic speech communication using time reversal and time-frequency differential ofDM methods

针对水声信道多径、时变、多普勒等恶劣传输特点对水声语音通信的严重影响,本文采用多通道时间反转和时频差分OfdM进行水声语音通信技术方案设计,该方法首先通过多通道时间反转进行时间域和空间域多径聚焦,进而结合时频差分OfdM调制解调抑制残留多径的影响。由于无需采用信道估计和均衡算法,系统实现方便、复杂度低,同时对信道具有一定程度的稳健性。该方法语音压缩编码采用混合激励线性预测编码。仿真实验和海试实验表明了本文方案的有效性。The difficulties of underwater acoustic channel, i.e., multipath, time varying and Doppler shifting pose significant challenges to underwater acoustic speech communication.In this paper, multi-channel time reversal is incorporated with time-frequency differential orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(ofDM)technology to design an underwater acoustic speech communication system, which enables time-frequency domain focusing of multipath by multi-channel time reversal, as well as suppressing of the residual multipath with time-frequency differential ofDM.Thus the employment of complicated channel estimation and equalization are avoided to facilitate the low complexity system implementation.In addition, the mixed-excitation linear predictive(MELP) is employed for speech encoding.The simulation and sea trial demonstrate the effectiveness of the method at presence of time varying multipath underwater acoustic channel.国家自然科学基金资助项目(11274259