Application of Real-time PCR Technology on the Detection of Pathogenic Bacteria of Septicemia

血液中感染微生物，称之为血流感染（BSI）;当微生物在血液中能够生长繁殖，并且产生毒素，引起全身性感染时，称之为败血症(Septicemia)。近年来，败血症发病率和死亡率逐年增长，已严重威胁人类生命健康，检测败血症中感染的病原体种类对其治疗至关重要。本论文利用实时PCR技术围绕败血症病原体诊断展开了研究，以建立一种快速、准确、成本低、操作简便的微生物鉴定方法。我们使用媒介探针技术结合探针熔解曲线法，建立了适合临床快速鉴定败血症病原体种类的检测体系。 第一章，介绍了败血症的背景、临床表现、发病诱因，病原学变迁、抗菌治疗，然后比较了常见的败血症诊断方法及其优缺点，包括血培养及生化鉴定、PCR检...Microbial infection in the blood is known as bloodstream infection (BSI). When the microorganisms are able to thrive in the blood, and produce toxins that cause systematic infection are known as sepsis (Septicemia). In recent years, the incidence and mortality of sepsis have increased year by year, which has seriously threatened the health of human life. In this paper, a real-time PCR method was u...学位：理学硕士院系专业：生命科学学院_细胞生物学学号：2162014115250

Enhancement of capacity in applied biometry in East and southern Africa

Biometric skills in developing countries are inadequate to support the changing priorities of agricultural research with the consequence that the quality of research aimed at increasing food security and alleviating poverty is often deficient because it lacks good statistical design" (CTA, 1997). It was on this basis that the workshop was planned, realising that not only do national scientists and statisticians (biometricians) need training in applied biometrics but they also need to be exposed to the range of problems and complexity of agricultural study design necessary for the developing world. Few courses in applied biometrics exist in universities in East and southern Africa. Training in biometrics provided hitherto by overseas institutions has been beneficial, but lecturers do not often have a full appreciation, or practical hands-on experience, of the special features of agricultural research and development in Africa. The subjects of experimental design, statistical analysis, interpretation and presentation of results are still recognised to be among the top priorities for training by national agricultural research system (NARS) scientists participating in collaborative networks co-ordinated by the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) and the International Centre for Research in Agroforestry (ICRAF). There is thus a major need to establish strong training programmes in the region itself with links to existing programmes abroad

Linking Watershed Nutrient Loads and Riverine Export to Reservoir Eutrophication:The Case of Shanzai Reservoir, Fujian Province

建立流域氮磷输出、河流输送与入库通量的分析方法,以福建省山仔水库为例,基于gIS技术分析乡镇、子流域的氮磷污染分布和来源构成,识别关键源区并探讨库区水质与流域污染输出和河流输送之间的关联性。结果表明,2009年山仔流域单位面积总氮输出负荷为13.4 kg n·HM-2·A-1(生活污水和化肥流失占64%),总磷输出负荷为0.82 kg P·HM-2·A-1(畜禽养殖和生活污水占90%),入库氮、磷负荷分别为3248 T n·A-1和192 T P·A-1,其中河流输入占62%和89%,环库区面源污染贡献小于2%;不同乡镇单位面积氮输出负荷为3.54~20.0 kg n·HM-2,磷输出负荷为0.38~2.50 kg P·HM-2,其中日溪乡和霍口乡临近库区,化肥流失与畜禽养殖污染最重。上游乡镇污染较轻,但生活污水比重大(42%~84%)。皇帝洞溪子流域污染最重(19.4 kg n·HM-2;1.95 kg P·HM-2),其次是霍口溪中下游和日溪子流域。库区总氮高值出现在坝区和日溪湾汊,总磷高值在小沧至霍口溪七里入口之间,水质有明显分区,与流域污染分布、河流输送和库区沉积物的释放相关联,河流输入对库区富营养化起决定性作用。流域氮磷输出负荷比值平均为16,库区水中氮磷比值在15~20之间,意味着该生态系统处于磷的弱限制,水华爆发风险较大,建议采取“分区整治流域污染、氮磷联合削减、畜禽养殖和磷肥流失优先控制“的富营养化防控策略。A quantitative analysis of watershed nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)loads,riverine export and other inputs to reservoir was conducted for Shanzai reservoir in Fujian Province.Spatial variation of N and P pollution and major components were interpreted at town and sub-watershed scale using GIS techniques,and the critical source area(CSA)was indentified.The linkage between reservoir water quality and watershed nutrients loading and riverine export fluxes was examined.Results revealed that total N and P loads per unit area of the Shan zai watershed were 13.4 kg N·hm-2·a-1and 0.82 kg P·hm-2·a-1,respectively.Domestic sewage and fertilizer runoff accounted for 64% of total N load,and livestock waste and domestic sewage shared 90% of total P load.Total N and P loads to the Shanzai reservoir were 3248 t N·a-1 and 192 t P·a-1,62% and 89% of which were through riverine transport and the remainder mostly from sediment release.Less than 2% of in puts were from non-point sources in the surrounding area.Town-level N and P loads per unit area ranged from 3.54~20.0 kg N·hm-2and 0.38~2.50 kg P·hm-2,respectively.Two towns(Rixi and Huokou) adjacent to the reservoir were identified as CSA of fertilizer runoff and livestock waste,while human sewage dominated the nutrient load(42%~84% of total)in other towns in the upstream area.Huangdidong subwatershed was the most polluted catchment(19.4 kg N·hm-2;1.95 kg P·hm-2),followed by the lower reaches of Huokou River and Rixi subwatershed.The high value of total N concentration was observed near the dam head and Rixi inlet,whereas high total P concentration was found in channel from Huokuo inlet to Xiaocang.The spatial variation of the nutrients level in the reservoir was highly associated with watershed nutrient loads,riverine export and sediment-water exchange,indicating that riverine input is the decisive factor contributing to eutrophication of the reservoir.The average N∶P ratio of the nutrient load was calculated as 16 for the whole watershed,which combined with the TN∶ TP ratio of 15~20 observed in reservoir surface water suggested that the reservoir ecosystem was weakly limited by P and tended to stimulate algal bloom.To mitigate eutrophication,reduction of both N and P pollution should be considered in those CSAs,with a priority given to P pollution from livestock and phosphate fertilizer loss.公益类科研院所专项(2011R1004-2); 中央高校基本科研业务费专项(厦门大学基础创新科研基金项目)(2012121053

Separation and identification of auraptene from grapefruit peel oil

橙油素是广泛存在于柑橘类果实中的天然抗癌活性成分。选用SP70大孔吸附树脂分离纯化葡萄柚精油中的橙油素,该树脂对于橙油素的吸附容量和解吸率分别达到14.53 Mg/g和83.32%,并成功地从树脂床层的洗脱液中结晶分离出橙油素晶体。对所得晶体分别采用差示扫描量热仪(dSC)、紫外吸收光谱(uV)、红外吸收光谱(Ir)、电喷雾质谱(ESI-MS)进行定性分析,分析结果与橙油素标准品相符合。进一步采用高效液相色谱(HPlC)对所得晶体进行定量分析,结果表明所得晶体中橙油素的质量分数可达85%。Auraptene exists widely in the peels and juice sacs of citrus species and is reported to be an effective inhibitor of chemical carcinogenesis in some rodent models.The separation and purification of auraptene from the grapefruit peel oil was performed by SP70 macroporous resin adsorption.The amount adsorbed and the recovery of auraptene were 14.53 mg/g and 83.32% respectively.Auraptene was crystallized out from the concentrated eluate of macroporous resin bed successfully.Differential scanning calorimetric(DSC),ultraviolet spectrum(UV),infrared spectroscopy(IR) and electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy(ESI-MS) were all used to analyze the obtained crystals qualitatively.The analytical results are in accordance with that of auraptene standard.Furthermore,high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) was utilized to quantify auraptene of the crystals obtained.The mass fraction of auraptene in the obtained crystals can reach 85%.福建省新世纪人才支持项目(0000-X04157

福建省人力资源管理学科发展研究报告

人力资源管理学科发展短却迅速,福建省人力资源管理学科发展也很迅猛。本研究从人力资源开发、战略人力资源管理、招聘与就业、绩效管理、薪酬管理、职业发展、员工关系管理、团队管理、跨文化管理、闽台人才交流合作等方面,对福建省人力资源管理研究者研究成果或人力资源管理研究者在福建省学习期间的研究成果进行综述。分析福建省人力资源管理学科发展的趋势,提出福建省人力资源管理学科发展的对策与建议

Molecular Cloning and Its Application of the Gene Coding for Pokeweed Antifungal Protein

商陆种子的7kD多肽被鉴定为一种抗真菌多肽，命名为PAFP（pokeweed antifungal protein）。它抑制Trichoderma viride, Fusatium及其它一些病原真菌的生长。本文构建了cDNA文库，而后从库中筛选和克隆PAFP基因。PAFP的编码序列－－201bp的DNA片段被扩增并插入pBluescript SK+载体。经酶切图谱分析和核苷酸顺序测定之后，这个片段与35S启动子连接并重组于双元载体pBin 19。此表达载体质粒转入农杆菌LBA 4404供转化植物之用。通过农杆菌介导的对西瓜的转化，所采用的基因还包括报告基因GUS和Bar，以及一种来自大麦的抗真菌蛋白的基因。以PCR扩增，GUS与NPT II活性检测，以及Southern杂交对转基因植物进行鉴定

基因组叠加生物型的基因表达特征

采用聚丙烯酰胺梯度凝胶电泳及特异性组织化学染色技术分析了鲤、鲫及其基因组叠加的不同组合个体的红细胞ＳＯＤ． ＥＳＴ和血红蛋白的电泳图谱。结果表明不同基因组组合及不同倍性的个体间存在由基因组差异导致的生化多态性，为不同倍性的鱼类的同工酶（ＳＯＤ）表达存在基因剂量效应提供了依据，证实了不同组合的ＳＯＤ亚基间有协同表达、累积作用。研究表明每个基因有其独特的调控机制，因而在杂种三倍体内三分之一的基因组亦能够表达产物。应用本研究的遗传学数据有益于构建基因组特异性品系，这不但有助于更有效地鉴别鱼类的不同组合而且为深

热休克诱导斑马鱼异源三倍体的研究

于 1 997年 5月在广东省珠海市采集斑马鱼和豹纹斑马鱼 ,采用热休克方法研究阻止第二极体排放诱导异源三倍体斑马鱼的适宜条件。按正交实验方案组合诱导参数 ,结果表明 :在卵受精后 2min ,采用 39℃持续处理 2min ,三倍化率可达 53.8% ,原肠期相对存活率为91 .0 % ,尾芽期相对存活率为 91 % ,孵化期相对存活率为 91 .1 %。本研究分析了热休克处理的参数与三倍体出现率和胚胎相对存活率的关系 ,并得出诱导参数中起始休克时间为重要因素 ,其次为持续时间和休克温度。本研究为构建

不同基因组组合的鱼类抗原基因剂量效应的研究(英文)

本文采用经典免疫遗传学方法研究了鲤鱼不同基因组组合的基因剂量与抗原表达的关系。分别从红鲤（RC）、红鲫（RA）、镜鲤（MC）和鲤鲫二倍体杂种（CA）采血样，制备红细胞悬液。常规方法免疫兔子，使效价高于64，制备抗RC、RA、MC、CA血清。Tab．1为2N、3N、4N鲤鱼来源的红细胞与四种抗血清的凝集实验结果，表明：亲缘关系越近，滴度越高;不过，不同倍性鲤鱼之间，差异不显著。Tab．2为2N、3N、4N鲤鱼来源的红细胞与四种抗血清吸附反应后，与各自靶细胞RC、RA、MC、CA的吸收实验结果，表明：抗血清

热休克诱导斑马鱼异源三倍体的研究

作者于1997年5月在广东省珠海市购普通斑马鱼(Brachydania rerio)和豹纹斑马鱼(Brachydanio,frankei),采用热休克方法研究阻止第二极体排放诱导异源三倍体斑马鱼的适宜条件.按正交试验方案组合诱导数,结果表明:在卵受精后2分钟,采用39°C持续处理2分钟,三倍化率可达53.8﹪,原肠期相对存活率为91﹪,尾芽期相对存活率为91﹪,孵化期相对存活率为90.1﹪.本研究分析了热休克处理的参数与三倍体出现率和胚胎相对存活率的关系,并得出诱导参数中起始休克时间为重要因素,其次为持续时间和休克温度.本研究为构建人工三倍体模型奠定了基础,并对三倍体的应用前景进行了讨论