Construction of Raman spectroscopy system and implementation of algorithm based on shifted excitation method

拉曼光谱技术作为一种强有力的分子结构研究工具，广泛应用于材料物理、生物医学、食品安全等领域。然而很多物质比如药品、食品的拉曼光谱检测过程都伴有强荧光干扰，荧光的存在严重影响拉曼光谱特征峰的识别，此外探测器本身的噪声和暗电流严重影响着弱拉曼特征峰的探测，因此非常有必要采取措施抑制荧光干扰和提高拉曼光谱系统的信噪比。 移频激发法是一种简单通用的荧光抑制方法，它常采用两个波长相近的激发光源分别激发样品得到两幅拉曼光谱，对这两幅光谱作差分，从而有效地消除荧光的影响。本文研究了移频激发法的荧光抑制原理，并分析了从差分光谱中提取真正拉曼光谱的复原算法需要克服的干扰因素。此外，对多种复原算法进行了详细的推...Raman spectroscopy technique as a powerful tool to investigate the molecular structure is widely used in material physics, biomedical, food safety and other fields. However, Raman spectroscopy detection process of many substances such as pharmaceuticals and food is always accompanied by strong fluorescence interference. The existence of fluorescence seriously affects the recognition of the charact...学位：工学硕士院系专业：物理与机电工程学院_微电子学与固体电子学学号：1982012115278

我国商业银行与外资银行合作探讨

在国际金融业并购的背景下 ,中国银行业面临入世后的竞争压力 ,吸收外资不仅能增强国内商业银行实力 ,更重要的是能给银行带来了先进的管理理念 ,把国内商业银行日益改造成符合国际标准的银行 ;对外资银行而言 ,与中资银行合作乃绕过管制 ,低成本向中国市场扩张 ,实现本土化发展战略的最佳选择

Design of Raman spectroscopy measurement system based on shifted excitation method using two laser diodes with different wavelengths

拉曼光谱检测常常受到荧光干扰,而移频激发拉曼差分光谱法(SERDS)是一种有效抑制拉曼光谱荧光背景的方法。基于该方法,采用两个波长相近、基于体布拉格光栅技术的固定波长激光器,设计了一套拉曼光谱测试系统。通过控制激光器的功率和温度,保证了输出波长的稳定性。采用高灵敏度的薄型背照式面阵CCD,设计了光谱数据采集光路和电路。同时,在软件上实现了差分光谱的三种重构算法,即简单积分算法、带数值插值的简单积分算法和多重约束解卷积算法。在实验中,利用文中系统对强荧光背景的某品牌香油进行了拉曼光谱测量,分别采用这三种算法处理差分光谱进行光谱重构,并对比了重构效果。实验结果表明,设计的系统能够有效抑制荧光对拉曼光谱检测的影响。Raman detection is often disturbed by fluorescence background, while Shifted Excitation Raman Difference Spectroscopy(SERDS)is an effective method for fluorescent suppression on Raman spectroscopy.Based on this method, a Raman spectroscopy measurement system was designed using two closely space fixed-wavelength laser diodes stabilized with the Volume Bragg Gratings. The output wavelength of laser diodes was stabilized by manipulating their power and temperature. The light path and circuit of spectral data acquisition were designed with back-thinned area array CCD with high sensitivity. Besides, the three different reconstruction algorithms of the difference spectrum, namely simple integration algorithm, simple integration with data interpolation algorithm and multiple energy constraint iterative deconvolution algorithm could be realized through software of this system. The Raman spectra of sesame oil of some brand in the presence of a highly fluorescent were measured with this system and then the spectra reconstructed with three different algorithms to process the difference spectrum respectively were compared.Experimental results show that the system designed in this paper can effectively reject the effect of fluorescence to the Raman spectroscopy measurement.国家重大科学仪器设备开发专项(2011YQ03012417

巨噬细胞移动抑制因子在原发性肝癌中的临床意义

【目的】探讨肝癌患者血清巨噬细胞移动抑制因子（macrophage migration inhibitory factor,MIF）水平与其临床特征及预后的关系。【方法】用酶联免疫吸附法检测2004年1月至2006年5月60例确诊初治的原发性肝癌患者的血清MIF水平,并与30例健康人相比较,分析其与临床特征及预后的关系。【结果】原发性肝癌患者血清MIF水平较健康对照组显著升高（中位值,34.1ng/mL与15.9ng/mL,P〈0.001）。血清MIF水平与血管侵犯（P=0.014）、进展的临床TMN分期（P=0.037）及转移（P=0.026）密切相关。血清MIF高（〉34.1ng/mL）的患者2年生存率较血清MIF低的患者（≤34.1ng/mL）明显降低（59%与28%,LogRank为6.02,P=0.014）。多因素分析表明MIF水平是影响患者生存的独立预后因素。【结论】MIF可能参与了原发性肝癌的疾病进展过程,提示MIF在原发性肝癌患者中可作为反应肿瘤侵袭及预后的一个有用的生物标记物

B细胞淋巴瘤SHP-1基因甲基化状态及其意义

【目的】探讨JAK/STAT信号转导途径负调控子SHP-1基因启动子区域CpG岛异常甲基化在B细胞淋巴瘤中的意义。【方法】收集存档石蜡包埋组织标本61例(52例B细胞非霍奇金淋巴瘤标本,9例良性增生淋巴结标本),健康人外周血单个核细胞DNA标本15例,用甲基化特异性PCR(methylation-specific PCR,MSP)和非甲基化特异性PCR(unmethylation-specific PCR,un-MSP)检测SHP-1启动子区域CpG岛甲基化状态,MSP、un-MSP和RT-PCR方法分别检测接受或未接受去甲基化处理的Burkitt淋巴瘤细胞系Raji的甲基化状态及mRNA的表达,MTT法检测接受去甲基化干预后细胞生长受抑情况。【结果】SHP-1基因启动子区域在弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤和滤泡性淋巴瘤甲基化频率分别为94%及97%,对照组9例淋巴结良性增生标本和15例正常人外周血单个核细胞标本中SHP-1基因启动子区域甲基化频率为0。经去甲基化干预后,Raji细胞SHP-1基因启动子区域呈去甲基化状态,基因恢复表达,细胞生长受到抑制。【结论】SHP-1基因启动子区域启动子区域CpG岛在B细胞淋巴瘤中存在高度甲基化，由其所致的SHP-1基因沉默可能是B细胞淋巴瘤发生的一个重要因素，SHP-1基因的甲基化可作为一个良好的分子诊断标记及可能的治疗靶点

Thermal performance testing for high power light-emitting diode based on voltage-current characteristics with pulse injection

热学特性是影响功率型lEd光学和电学特性的主要因素之一,设计了一套基于脉冲式u-I特性的功率型lEd热学特性测试系统,可以测试在不同结温下lEd工作电流与正向电压的关系,从而获得lEd的热学特性参数。该系统通过产生窄脉冲电流来驱动lEd,对其峰值时的电压电流进行采样,同时控制和采集lEd的热沉温度,从而获得不同温度下lEd的u-I特性曲线。与其他u-I测试系统相比,文中采用了窄脉冲(1μS)工作电流,lEd器件Pn结区处于发热与散热的交替过程,不会造成大的热积累,大大提高了测量精度。实验中,对某功率型lEd进行了测试,获得了该器件的电压、电流和结温特性曲线,并利用b样条建立该器件的u-I-T模型,进而实现了对其结温的实时在线检测。Thermal performance is one of the main factors which affect the optical and electrical performance of high power LED.The thermal performance testing system for high power LEDs based on voltage-current characteristics with pulse injection was designed in this paper, which can test the relationship between the operating current and forward voltage of LED under different junction temperatures, thereby obtaining LED thermal characteristics parameters.The system worked by generating a controlled narrow pulse current to drive the LED, and sampling the peaks of voltage and current of LEDs with LED heat sink temperature control and acquisition, thereby obtaining the voltage-current characteristic curve in different junction temperatures.Compared with other voltage-current testing systems, the designed system adapts the narrow pulse duty cycle(1 μs), so the PN junction of LED devices is always in the process of alternately heating and cooling, which can avoid large heat accumulation and greatly improve the accuracy of measurement.In the experiment, a power LED device was tested by the system and the voltage-current-temperature curve was obtained.Then the B-spline based U-I-T model of the LED was established, so the real-time online detection of LED device was achieved.国家自然科学基金(61102030

制备条件对纳米ZnO溶胶性质的影响

采用溶胶 凝胶法 ,以醋酸锌和氢氧化锂为主要原料制备了纳米ZnO溶胶。同时利用透射电镜、紫外 吸收光谱和荧光光谱研究了不同制备条件如陈化时间和加水量对纳米ZnO溶胶胶粒尺寸和性质的影响。结果表明 ,通过改变陈化时间或加水量可以有效地对纳米ZnO胶粒的尺寸进行控制 ,从而容易地改变纳米ZnO溶胶的光吸收和发光等光学性能

Reclamation technology on preventing heavy metal pollution from landfill of indigenous zinc smelting areas

作者简介：敖子强（1975－），贵州德江人，男，博士生，主要从事环境生 态和污染生态学研究。福建厦门大学生命科学学院，361005。 Email: [email protected] 通信作者：严重玲（1959－），贵州贵阳人，男，教授，主要从事污染生 态学研究。福建厦门大学生命科学学院，361005。Email: [email protected][中文文摘]：黔西北赫章县炼锌造成大量的废弃地，土地复垦成为当地面临的主要问题。为大面积的土地复垦提供基础数据，在平整的废渣堆上用0、25 和50 kg/m2 的碱石灰做隔离层，然后在隔离层上覆以30、45 和60 cm 的非污染区土壤，共9个处理；选用当地的主要农作物红豆、白菜、玉米和马铃薯进行试验。通过近2 a 对红豆、白菜、玉米和马铃薯可食部 分和复垦土壤的重金属进行One-Way ANOVA （LSD）分析和富集系数比较得出碱石灰隔离层降低了农作物可食部分的重金属含量；玉米是对重金属富集系数最小的农作物，适合作为土地复垦的首选农作物，而白菜对重金属的富集系数最大，不适合在炼锌区复垦土壤种植；经济有效的碱石灰隔离层厚度为25 kg/m，复垦土壤的厚度为30 cm。[英文文摘]Due to indigenous zinc smelting, lots of lands were polluted and abandoned in Hezhang County, Guizhou Province. The reclamation of polluted soils is becoming more important to improve environmental protection and to prompt agricultural production in these areas. In the present study, total of nine treatments of different amount of lime (0, 25 and 50 kg/m2) was used as isolation layer in the flat slag heap, and then the isolation layer was covered with different amount of non-contamination soil (30, 45 and 60 cm), respectively. During the following two years, bean (Phaseolus angularis), Chinese cabbage (Brassica chinensis), maize (Zea mays) and potato (Solanum tuberosum) were planted,concentrations of some metals (Zn, Pb, Cd) in soils and the edible part of the crops were determined to assess the effects of reclamation by statistical analysis of One-Way ANOVA (LSD). The results indicated that metal concentrations in edible part of the crops were decreased by the treatments of limestone isolation layer; maize had the lowest enrichment factor of heavy metals among the four crops, while Chinese cabbage had the highest content, demonstrating that maize was more suitable to be cultivated compared with the others, lime as isolation layer could significantly reduce the accumulation of heavy metals in the edible part of the crops, and 25 kg/m2 lime isolation layer combined with 30 cm non-contamination soil cover showed the effective reclamation result.国家自然科学基金(30530150,40673064);福建省高校创新团队培育计划;贵州省科学技术基金(20062014

基于螺旋理论的高速并联机器人动力学分析

为提高机器人在高速运动过程中的精度和稳定性，研究了4-DOF的Delta高速并联机器人动力学方程的建模方法。采用几何法求解机器人逆运动学方程，结合旋量理论的Kane方法建立了机器人的动力学方程。采用Matlab编程对运动学和动力学模型进行求解，绘制了各个驱动臂的位移、速度、加速度以及力矩曲线。在Simscape中建立Delta机器人的动力学控制系统，以力矩为输入，得到驱动臂位移曲线。对比计算和仿真结果，验证了动力学方程的正确性

Baseline Correction Method for Raman Spectroscopy Based on B-Spline Fitting

基线漂移是光谱检测仪器普遍存在的现象,会对光谱信号的特征提取带来十分不利的影响,而基线校正是解决该问题的重要手段,也是拉曼光谱信号预处理的重要组成部分。基线校正的原理一般是通过拟合基线的方法来去除光谱信号中的基线漂移。传统的基线校正方法是利用多项式拟合的方法对拉曼光谱信号的基线进行拟合的,但是该方法容易出现过拟合和欠拟合现象,且拟合阶数难以确定。针对传统方法的缺点进行了改进,利用b样条方法对拉曼光谱信号的基线进行拟合,发挥b样条低阶光滑的优点,能够有效地克服多项式方法的缺陷。在实验中,利用该方法对孔雀石绿、罗丹明b的拉曼光谱信号进行了基线校正,观察并比较该方法和传统方法的校正结果。实验结果表明,该方法能够有效地消除拉曼光谱信号的基线漂移,在基线漂移较小和较大的位置,可以采用相同的拟合阶数,不会出现欠拟合和过拟合的现象,获得了良好的基线校正效果,为进一步分析光谱数据提供准确可靠的信息。Baseline drift is a widespread phenomenon in modern spectroscopy instrumentation,which would bring a very negative impact to the feature extraction of spectrum signal,and the baseline correction method is an important means to solve the problem,which is also the important part of Raman signal preprocessing.The general principle of baseline drift elimination is using the fitting method to the fit the baseline.The traditional fitting method is polynomial fitting,but this method is prone to overfitting and under-fitting,and the fitting order is difficult to be determined.In this paper,the traditional method is improved;the B-spline fitting method is used to approach the baseline of Raman signal through constant iteration.The advantages of B-spline,namely low-order and smoothness,can help the method overcome the shortcomings of polynomial method.In the experiments,the Raman signal of malachite green and rhodamine B were detected,and then the proposed method and traditional method were applied to perform baseline correction.Experimental results showed that the proposed method can eliminate the Raman signal baseline drift effectively without over-and under-fitting,and the same order can be used in both positions where large or small baseline drift occurred.Therefore,the proposed method provided more accurate and reliable information for the further analysis of spectral data.国家重大科学仪器设备开发专项(2011YQ03012417)资