不同離子強度緩衝液下利用奈米間隙濃縮蛋白質之研究;Protein Preconcentration Utilizing Nano-insterstices between Self-Assembled gold nanoparticles under different Buffer concentrations

[[abstract]]人體內微量的蛋白質配合奈微米尺度的流道設計，可利用電壓的施加使的微米流道內產生蛋白質濃縮的現象，藉由預濃縮能夠提升蛋白免疫檢測的靈敏度，應用於癌症的早期診斷，且可更快速的對人類血液進行分析，並減少生物樣本的消耗；利用設計的濃縮晶片能夠將樣本蛋白經濃縮後藉由濃度的提高而增加免疫反應中抗原抗體鍵結反應的靈敏度。本研究設計並製造出能濃縮蛋白質之檢測微晶片，流道是以低成本的聚二甲基矽氧烷(Polydimethylsiloxane, PDMS)轉印經由黃光微影製程的晶片圖形，利用自組裝金奈米粒子(AuNPs)在施加電場時會產生奈米裂縫，這時會有濃度極化現象發生，離子損耗區會有電雙層的堆疊，堆疊的厚度與金奈米粒子一致，來進行蛋白質濃縮，本研究使用市售螢光胎牛血清蛋白來進行濃縮實驗，本研究成果顯示，探討不同的緩衝液的濃度下進行濃縮蛋白實驗，實驗結果顯示4 mM 濃度為較適當濃度進行蛋白質濃縮。 In this study, the preconcentration chip for proteins was fabricated using simple standard soft lithography with a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) replica.Surface modification with 3-aminopropyl-triethoxysilane (APTES) and of gold nanoparticles were done on the surface of the present chip. When an electric field was applied the preconcentration chip, it generated Nano-insterstices. Self-assembled gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) had the exclusion-enrichment effect at this time. Ion stacked thickness as the same as Self-assembled gold nanoparticles(AuNPs) in ion depletion region.At this moment, protein could be concentrated because it had enough electric double layer thickness.In this study, different Phosphate buffer concentration had different electric double layer thickness,According the experimental results, 4 mM concentration was suitable concentration

Giant Cell Arteritis with Cd8+ Instead of Cd4+ T Lymphocytes as the Predominant Infiltrating Cells in a Young Woman

Giant cell arteritis is rarely reported in people aged less than 50 years . We report a case of giant cell arteritis in a woman who developed symptoms of dizziness, headache, bilateral sensorineural hearing impairment, and had 1 episode of transient left hemiparesis before the age of 30. Carotid angiography showed multiple segmental narrowing in cranial vessels. Subsequently, at the age of 31, she had weight loss and developed a fever. Chest radiograph revealed mediastinal widening, and chest computed tomography revealed dilated pulmonary arteries and veins. Coronary angiography and aortography showed irregular narrowing of the descending aorta and multiple stenosis, with aneurysmal dilatation involving the proximal and distal coronary, pulmonary and mesenteric arteries. Multinucleated giant cells and predominant CD8+ T lymphocyte infiltration were noted in a left temporal artery biopsy specimen. The patient 's age and the finding of dilated pulmonary veins and prominent CD 8+ T lymphocytes in the biopsy specimen suggest that this case was a distinct form of systemic giant cell arteritis

Anti-Ssb/La Antibody Is Negatively Associated with Hla-Dr2 in Chronic Hepatitis C Infection

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is frequently associated with anti-SSA/ Ro and anti-SSB/La autoantibodies. The objective of this study is to examine the prevalence of anti -SSA/Ro and anti-SSB/La autoantibodies in HCV-infected patients and their possible associations with HLA-DRB1 polymorphism in Chinese patients in Taiwan. About 288 HCV- infected patients were recruited for autoantibody detection and HLA-DRB1 typing. Anti-SSA/Ro and anti-SSB/La autoantibodies were detected in 12.8 and 9.7% of HCV- infected patients. Anti-SSA/Ro antibody was positively associated with age over 55 [p=0.04; odds ratio=2.17; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1 .03-4.57]. Anti-SSB/La antibody was negatively associated with HLA-DR2 carriage (p=0.024; odds ratio=0.30; 95% CI, 0.10-0.90). No significant correlation was found between autoantibody production and gender, autoimmune manifestation, presence of cirrhosis, or hepatocellular carcinoma in HCV infection. In conclusion, anti-SSA/Ro and anti-SSB/La antibodies present frequently in HCV-infected patients. Anti-SSB/La antibody is negatively associated with HLA-DR2 in HCV-infected patients in Taiwan

The Study on the Glucose Transport, Glucose Transporter Expression and the Affection of Serum Factor on Polymorphonuclear Neutrophils of Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

研究目的： 研究全身性紅斑狼瘡 (systemic lupus erythematosus, SLE) 病人的多形核嗜中性白血球 (polymorphonuclear neutrophil, PMN)葡萄傳送及葡萄糖傳送分子 (glucose transporter, GLUT)1，3，6之表現及血清因子的影響。 研究方法： 自2002年7月到2004年5月間，共收集與分離SLE病人 (29人，平均年齡37歲，女男比為24：5)與正常人 (共12人，平均年齡32歲，女男比為4:8)的PMN與血清。SLE病人均符合美國風濕病學院1997年修正之分類標準，並且須排除感染。我們分別檢測兩組 (1) PMN表面GLUT1，GLUT3，GLUT6的蛋白表現。 (2) 利用內毒素(LPS)，介白素8 (IL-8)及腫瘤壞死因子 (TNF-α) 處理PMN 24小時之後，檢測細胞表面GLUT1，GLUT3及GLUT6的表現。 (3)比較SLE與正常人PMN正常培養及LPS刺激24小時後上清液中的乳酸濃度。 (4) 比較兩組PMN自發性及LPS刺激24小時後葡萄糖螢光類同物6-NBDG的攝取。(5)比較正常人PMN以正常人或SLE病人血清處理後，葡萄糖螢光類同物的攝取。 結果： SLE病人PMN之GLUT3的表現較正常人少 (47.4+8.6% vs. 77.4+6.7%, p<0.05)，經24小時一般培養 (31.5+11.5% vs. 58.5+5.5%)或IL-8 (12+4% vs. 51.5+2.5%)、LPS (8+3% vs. 49+8%)刺激後，SLE-PMN之GLUT3則有更為下降的傾向。SLE病人PMN的24小時培養上清液乳酸濃度相較於正常PMN，不論是一般培養 (27.5+4.7 mg/ml vs. 23.7+5.8 mg/ml)或LPS刺激後 (28.9+4.3 mg/ml vs. 22.9+10.8 mg/ml)皆有較高傾向。SLE-PMN 24小時葡萄糖螢光類同物6-NBDG的攝取則與正常人無顯著差異，但是SLE-PMN低葡萄糖螢光類同物攝取的細胞亞群的百分比相較於正常人，不論是在一般培養 (13.8+4.9% vs. 10.4+3.4%)或LPS刺激下 (17.6+5.2% vs. 11.8+3%)，低葡萄糖攝取細胞亞群都有增加的情況。而正常人的PMN在經過SLE病人血清的處理後，也會出現低攝取亞群增加的情況 (12.3+1.1% vs. 9.5+0.6%, p<0.05)。 研究結論： GLUT3的表現減少和葡萄糖的攝取的低下可能影響SLE-PMN的生物能量利用而造成自發性及刺激活化的細胞反應低下。SLE血清中會增加低葡萄糖攝取亞群的因子則有待更進一步的探討。Objective： The study intended to examine glucose transport and the expression of glucose transporter (GLUT) 1, 3, 6 on normal and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) and SLE serum effects on normal PMN that has not reported in the literature. Method: PMN and serum were obtained from normal volunteers (n=12, mean age 32, F:M = 4:8) and SLE patients (n=29, mean age 37, F:M =24:5). Patients should fulfill The American College of Rheumatology 1997 revised classification criteria for SLE. Infection should be ruled out. Experimental designs included (1) GLUT1, GLUT3, GLUT6 expression on normal and SLE PMN. (2) The effect of LPS (100 ng/ml),IL-8 (25 ng/ml) and TNF-目錄……………………1 縮寫表…………………2 圖表目錄………………3 一、中文摘要…………4 二、緒論………………6 三、研究方法與材料…9 四、結果………………13 五、討論………………15 六、展望………………18 七、論文英文簡述……19 八、參考文獻…………21 九、圖表………………2

[[alternative]]Comparative Analysis of Recycled and Natural Aggregate on Compressive Strength and Permeability Used in Permeable Concrete

[[abstract]]　　營造工程佔全球碳排放約36%，營造廢棄物若能回收再利用，將可降低碳排放。本研究分析再生材料取代天然骨材之混凝土強度及透水性變化，首先將抗壓測試完之試體廢棄物經軛碎後為再生骨材，隨後將骨材以再生材料含量100%、75%及50%各製作3組透水混凝土樣品，每組均測試三種水灰比，每組各製作兩個圓柱試體，施作抗壓試驗及滲透試驗，總計完成24組圓柱體進行試驗。試驗結果顯示實驗組中再生骨材50%(W/C 0.30)及(W/C 0.35)，抗壓強度高，透水性最佳，若鋪面設計以抗壓強度及透水性為目的，以本次試驗結果來看，則50%再生骨材含量為最佳配比，可提供未來使用再生材料之參考依據。[[abstract]]　　Construction projects occupies 36% of global carbon emissions. The recycle of construction waste materials can reduce carbon emissions. This study analyzed the strength and permeability of concrete, in which natural aggregate was replaced by recycled aggregate. Firstly, the waste of the test body after the compression test was crushed by yoke to make recycled aggregate. Recycle aggregate replace ratio (RARR) include 100%, 75% and 50%.Every RARR will prepare three permeable concrete samples, in which each sample will made two cylindrical specimens.In addition, three kinds of water-cement ratio will also test. Finally, total 24samples were prepared to test the compressive strength and permeability. The test results show that the regenerated bone materials in the experimental group are 50% (W/C 0.30) and (W/C 0.35), with high compressive strength and best water permeability. According to the results of the second test, the content of 50% recycled bone material is the best ratio, which can provide a reference for the future use of recycled materials

[[alternative]]The Memes Perspective to Simulate the Dynamic Diffusion of Inappropriate Behavior among Nature-Based Tourists

[[abstract]]　　本研究以社會心理學的觀點切入，來探究遊客的違規行為，很多研究顯現個人的態度、信念、行為常被別人影響，稱為從眾現象；另外，對團體遊客而言經過團體討論選擇後會發生個人和團體之風險移轉，可以斷定的是經團體討論而顯露出被別人的影響，將改變個人與團體一致決定的風險偏好。事實上，心理學家指出，團體成員似乎轉移到一個或另一個極端，相對於每個成員可能單獨作出選擇；團體是可能的主導因素，有助於規範行為。　　　國內外大多研究不當行為的文獻，其方法論主要以統計量化的方式進行，所探究之對象皆屬個案之探討，本研究嘗試站在客觀的立場以數學建模之方式，分析不當行為之傳播擴散，以及不同管理策略施行下，影響/抑制不當行為擴散之效果。[[abstract]]　　This research takes the perspective of social psychology to study the tourists' improper behaviors against regulations. Many reports demonstrate that individual's attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors are influenced by other people, that is, conformity phenomenon; In addition, in term of fellowship-tourists, group discussion and determination tend to change the initial risk preferences of individuals or groups. It is ensured that the influence resulted from group discussions, will change the risk preferences which are determined by individuals or groups. Actually, psychologists claim that group members seem to move to the other end, in contrast with the end taken by the single member; group determination could contribute to tourist's behaviours modified. Moreover, most researches on tourist's behavours against regulations are approached and the results come out in statistics/quantitative analysis. Meanwhile, they all take the objects for case study. In this research, the concept of meme-a thought contagion gene, was taken to simulate the dynamic diffusion process with mathematical modelling, and implicate and predict the percentage of ill-legal behavior in ecotourism activities under different environmental parameters and management strategies

僵直性脊椎炎病人身體心像之相關因素 Factors Associated with Body Image in Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis

[[abstract]]背景：僵直性脊椎炎病人較一般人遭遇更多生理及功能的損壞，為身體心像紊亂的高危險群，但在臺灣這群病人身體心像的相關因素卻很少被充分探究。目的：探討僵直性脊椎炎病人身體心像的情形及其預測因子。方法：採橫斷性相關性研究及方便取樣，收案時間為2017年1月至12月，由北臺灣某一醫學中心免疫風濕科門診招募120位僵直性脊椎炎病人。以結構性問卷及病例審查進行資料收集，研究工具包括人口學資料、跌倒史、巴斯僵直性脊椎炎疾病活動指數、脊椎炎功能指數、疼痛及身體心像等量表。結果：整體身體心像平均分數為68.16±16.14分，14.2%一年內曾跌倒，九成以上有不同程度的疼痛。多元迴歸檢測顯示脊椎炎疾病活動度分數越高（β=-.31,p= .005）；脊椎炎功能指數越高（β=-.24,p= .026）；有跌倒史者（β=-.16,p= .023），身體心像得分越低，多元迴歸模式整體解釋變異量為47.9%（F=10.95,p＜ .001）。結論／實務應用：疾病活動度、失能狀況和跌倒史與僵直性脊椎炎病人的身體心像感受有顯著相關，臨床人員應定期評估病人疾病活動狀態及身體心像變化，提升病人自我管理能力，並將預防跌倒及疼痛控制整合於照護計畫，以提升病人的身體心像及生活品質。 Background: Patients with ankylosing spondylitis typically exhibit a greater number of physical and functional impairments than do members of the general population and are a group at high risk of body-image disturbance. However, the factors associated with body image among this population have not been adequately explored in Taiwan. Purpose: To explore the status of body image and its predictors in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Methods: A convenience sampling-based cross-sectional and correlational study was conducted between January and December 2017. In total, 120 patients who had been diagnosed with ankylosing spondylitis were recruited from the immunology and rheumatology department of a medical center in northern Taiwan. A structured questionnaire and chart review were employed to collect research data. Instruments included demographic data, fall history, the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI), the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI), the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NRS), and the Rheumatic Arthritis Body Image Scale. Results: The mean score for body image was 68.16 ± 16.14. Overall, 14.2% of patients had experienced a fall in the previous year, and more than 90% of participants experienced various degrees of pain. The multiple regression result revealed that patients with a higher BASDAI (β = - .31, p = .005) score, a BASFI higher (β = - .24, p = .026) score, and had a fall history (β = - .16, p = .023) had higher negative body image scores. The total variance explained in the multiple regression model was 47.9% (F = 10.95, p ＜ .001). Conclusions/Implications for Practice: Disease activity, disability, and fall history were associated with body image in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Clinical professionals should regularly assess the disease activity and body image of patients and promote their self-management abilities. Furthermore, fall prevention and pain control should be integrated into care plans to improve patients' body image