Study on Non-contact Measurement Method of Micro-tilt and Flexural formation of the Objects

激光散斑测量技术是一种基于激光散斑特性而发展起来的现代光测力学技术，具有全场、非接触、高精度、高效率、实时性、简单灵活、抗干扰能力强等优点。随着数字图像记录处理技术和现代光电子技术的发展，基于数字激光散斑图像分析的测量技术逐步被应用于位移、振动、应变和医学诊断等各个领域中。 微倾斜和挠曲变形的非接触测量方法在工程试件的力学性能测试和工程现场目标的健康检测等领域具有重要的应用价值。本文通过对数字散斑图像位移测量方法和激光散斑图像特点的研究，以理论分析、数值模拟和实验测试验证相结合的方法，对工程目标微弯曲和挠曲变形的激光散斑测量方法进行了探索和研究，主要工作有： 介绍了激光散斑的产生机理、类型...Laser Speckle measurement technique is a modern optical measurement mechanics developing on the basis of characteristics of laser speckle. It has the advantages of full-field, non-contact, high precision and efficiency, real-time processing, simple and flexible, low environment factors requirements, and so on. With the rapid development of digital image technology and optoelectronic technology, La...学位：工学硕士院系专业：信息科学与技术学院_光学工程学号：2312011115299

厦门市乙型肝炎患者病毒基因型的分析

目的:采用多对型特异性引物,通过巢式PCR法检测厦门市乙型肝炎患者血清中乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)基因型的分布情况.方法:收集250例HBV感染患者血清,提取血清中HBV DNA作为模板,设计HBV前S1基因和S基因中区域内设计出10条内外引物,并将其中8条型特异性内引物分成A,B两组,分别扩增A,B,C和D,E,F型HBV,然后将第2轮PCR产物以用30g/L琼脂糖进行电泳,根据PCR产物电泳显示的产物长度判定HBV基因型,以了解厦门HBV基因型分布情况.结果:共120例确定了HBV基因型.患者群中慢性乙型肝炎90例,占75.0%,急性乙型肝炎、肝炎肝硬化、原发性肝癌分别占5.8%(7/120)、6.7%(8/120)和12.5%(15/120).分型结果:B型58例(48.3%)、C型30例(25.0%),B/C混合型32例(26.7%).HBeAg阳性患者中B基因型占63.8%,B/C型混合感染21.9%;抗-HBe阳性患者中以B/C型混合感染68.8%,B型25.9%,HBeAg阳性组与抗-HBe组之间比较发现B型和B/C混合型之间(P<0.05).结论:厦门乙型肝炎患者HBV基因型以B型为主,B/C混合感染是一个值得重视的问题

The primary investigation of the value of whole body diffusion weighted imaging in diagnosis of metastatic tumor

背景与目的:随着临床上晚期肿瘤病例的增多,为了解治疗前、后全身转移瘤的大小及数量变化的实际情况,以往多采用分部位进行CT和(或)Mr扫描,少部分有条件的患者采用PET检查,但这些方法可能存在过多地暴露于射线、检查时间过长及经济负担过重等问题。因此,我们探讨磁共振的全身弥散加权成像(WHOlE bOdy dIffuSIOn WEIgHTEd IMAgIng,WbdWI)方法对肿瘤及转移灶的检出准确性及其临床应用的可行性。方法:对68例临床已发现原发肿瘤及多个转移灶或发现多个肿瘤病灶,但原发灶不明确的患者进行WbdWI检查,其中男性49例;女性19例。平均年龄61岁。68例均与CT和(或)MrI的检查结果进行比较,其中17例与PET的检查结果相比较。对病灶的检出率,以病灶长径大小分为:<1CM,≥1~<2CM,≥2~<3CM及≥3CM以上4组进行计数分析,同时,对不同部位间的病灶检出情况进行分析。结果:WbdWI对4组病灶的检出率分别为30%、78%、96%及100%。在各个部位的敏感性和准确性中以骨骼最高。对位于肺部小于1CM的病灶和位于颈部、盆腔小于2CM的淋巴结的诊断存在一定困难。结论:WbdWI对大范围的肿瘤病灶筛查是安全、简便、有效和经济的检查新方法。随着技术参数的进一步完善,WbdWI在发现和诊断全身多发肿瘤方面,具有良好的发展潜力。因此,本技术有望作为一种新的、效果好于PET的全身检查技术。Background and purpose:With the increased number of advanced tumors,it is important to evaluate the actual pre-and post-treatment changes in metastatic diseases,such as tumor size and tumor quantity.Previously,CT and/or MRI scan were usually applied,only a few patients could pay for PET(positron emition tomography).But there were several problems we should face,including redundantly exposure to radiation,too long verification time and heavy financial burden.Therefore we evaluated the application of whole body diffusion weighted imaging in diagnosing of tumor and metastatic tumor.Methods:sixty-eight patients(49 male,19 female,age from 29 to 84 years with mean age of 61 years) with a variety of tumors were investigated by combined CT and/or MRI scan,seventeen patients were compared with positron emition tomograph(PET).All tumors were classified into four groups,according to longest diameter of <1 cm,≥1-<2 cm,≥2-<3 cm and ≥3 cm.At the same time,the positive detection rates between different parts of the lesions were analyzed.Results:The detection rate of the four groups were 30%,78%,96% and 100%,respectively.The skeletal system had the highest sensitivity and accuracy in every part of body.There was difficulty in diagnosing lung cancer with longest diameter less than 1 cm as well as tumors located in neck and pelvic with longest diameter less than 2 cm.Conclusion:Whole body diffusion weighted imaging is secure,convenient,effective and economic for screening wide-ranging tumor focus.After improvement of parameters,WBDWI could be as a new effective whole body examination technique.厦门市科技计划项目(No:3502Z20074017

Composition of Fatty Acids in Mangrove Leaves and Their Worth as Natural Resources

采用气相色谱和色质联用仪分析发现我国不同地区主要红树植物种类叶片与非红树植物在脂肪酸组成上相似，但饱和脂肪酸含量相对较多，不饱和脂肪酸含量较少；脂肪酸不饱和指数较低；不饱和脂肪酸与饱和脂肪酸含量的比值较小.红树植物体内多不饱和脂肪酸种类多而且廿碳四烯酸和亚油酸含量较高，是潜在的脂肪酸资源.红树植物叶片凋落物中的多不饱和脂肪酸为红树林生态系统中的鱼虾蟹提供必需脂肪酸，对提高近海水产的产量有重要的意义Composition of Fatty acids in main mangrove leaves in diFFerent regions of China has been studied by GC and GC MS DS techniques.It is Found that the composition of Fatty acids in mangrove is similar to those in non mangrove plants.However,the content of saturated Fatty acid (SFA)is higher and unsaturated Fatty acid (UFA) is lower in comparison with non mangrove plants;the index of unsaturated Fatty acid(IUFA) is also lower and the ratio of UFA to SFA(U/S) is lower than that of non mangrove plants.Mangrove plants have many kinds of poly unsaturatedFatty acid (PUFA),and the content of eicosabutaenoic acid and linoleate is high ,which could be considered as talent natural Fatty acid resources .PUFA in litter Fall of mangrove plants plays an important role in growth of Fishes ,shrimps and crabs in mangrove ecosystem, and could improve quantity of the ofF shore aquatic products.国家自然科学基

STUDIES ON THE DYNAMIC CHANGES OF SOIL MOISTURE AND THE BENEFITS OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION FROM GROWING GRASSES ON THE LOESS PLATEAU

通过９年观测，黄土高原人工草地土壤水分的季节性变化可划分为三个阶段，在此基础上模拟不同人工草地土壤水分的变化规律；随着牧草生育期的延长至第９年，人工草地土壤水分恢复程度逐渐减弱；沙打旺生存能力极强，能够高效地利用深层土壤贮水；用数学模型可以模拟不同人工草地的水土流失，将植被因子引入水土流失方程，可以定量描述对水土流失的影响；反映植被、土壤等因子与水土流失关系的复合因子Ａ￣１值，基本上代表不同人工草地水土流失状况

1270 nm Hybrid Cascaded Phosphosilicate Fiber Raman Laser

报道了一种输出波长在1270nM的混合级联掺磷拉曼激光器。该激光器分别利用掺磷光纤中频移为1330CM-1和197CM-1的拉曼散射,使1064nM激光两次频移,实现了1270nM激光输出。对1270nM的二级拉曼光设计了对称和非对称两种腔结构,并进行了对比实验。结果表明,非对称结构可有效地避免腔内激光从高反端的泄漏,降低激光阈值,提高激光器转换效率。非对称结构激光器的振荡阈值为3.70 W,抽运功率为8.66 W时,激光器最大输出总功率为2.38W,从1064nM到1270nM的激光转换效率为22%。A hybrid cascaded phosphosilicate fiber Raman laser(RFL) with output wavelength of 1270 nm is proposed.By using 1330 cm-1 and 197 cm-1 Raman shift of phosphosilicate fiber,the laser of 1064 nm is shifted to 1270 nm.Symmetric and asymmetric cavity structure are designed for the second-order Stokes Raman light.The comparative experimental results show that the asymmetric structure can reduce oscillation threshold,improve conversion efficiency and avoid the optical leakage from the cavity in the high reflection end effectively.The oscillation threshold of asymmetric phosphosilicate RFL is 3.70 W,the maximum total output power is 2.38 W with the pump power of 8.66 W,the conversion efficiency from 1064 nm to 1270 nm is 22%.福建省青年科技创新基金(2007F3100)资助课

REVIEW ON IMPACT of GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE ON MANGROVE ECOSYSTEMS AND RESEARCH COUNTERMEASURE

红树林生态系统出现于热带和亚热带的潮间带，是一个脆弱或敏感的生态系统，受到陆相和海相的双重影响，可能是全球气候变化影响的早期指示者。气候变化引起海平面升高的速率在9~12CM/100A时或超过红树林底质的沉积速率时，红树林就受到胁迫甚至消亡。平均气温上升可能造成红树林种类组成的变化。一定限度的升温有利红树植物的生长发育，但太高温度不利其叶的形成和光合作用。温度的累积作用会有相当大的影响，并通过土壤呼吸的刺激产生多种反馈机制。降水方式的变化引起土壤或水的盐度改变而对红树林产生影响。另外还讨论了我国开展红树林生态系统与气候变化研究的内容和方法建议，包括红树林湿地温室气体排放的动态，CO＿2水平提高对红树林生态系统的影响等。Mangrove ecosystems Found in the intertidal regions of tropical and subtropical areasare Ecoton or Eco-sensitive zones.They are likely to be early indicators of the eFFects ofclimate change.IF the rate of sea-level rise is 9～12cm per 100 years or exceeds the rate ofmangrove sediment accretion,mangrove may be under stress or collapse.IF the average airtemperature increase,the species composition of mangrove Forests may change.Mangroveplant development may be accelerated by limited temperature increase,however too hightemperature is not beneFicial to mangrove leaF development and photosynthesis.Tempera-ture increase could become signiFicant when the cumulative eFFects of temperature on plantdevelopment,and could cause some Feedback mechanisms via soil respiration stimulation.The change of precipitation patterns in mangrove area may eFFect the mangrove ecosystemsthrough inFluencing soil or water salinity,Including research methods,some researchcountermeasure suggestions on relationship between mangrove ecosystems of China andclimate change are discussed,such as dynamics of greenhouse gases released From man-grove wet lands and eFFects of elevated CO_2 on mangrove ecosystems,etc

Environmental Construction and Conservation in Loess Plateau

阐明了黄土高原的重要战略地位，并指出了存在的主要生态问题─&mdash;地形破碎，水土流失严重；人口急剧增长，文盲多素质差；旱冻雹灾频繁，生产低而不稳；单产低收入少，植被恢复维艰。明确了黄土高原今后的建设目标─&mdash;大力进行水土保持型生态农业的建设；详细介绍了保护措施─&mdash;恢复植被；建设基本农田；发展经济林和加强养殖业

广东省老年人失牙、义齿修复状况和咬牙合牙对

【目的】描述广东省老年人失牙、指征失牙(有拔牙指征的牙齿)、义齿修复情况和咬牙合牙对, 并分析影响失牙的因 素。【方法】通过多阶段整群抽样抽取65 ～ 74 岁老年人1 515 人, 经培训人员进行问卷调查并按世界卫生组织标准进行临床 检查。【结果】平均失牙数11.9 颗, 指征失牙数2.5 颗, 农村老人有较多指征失牙。协方差分析结果表明失牙与社会经济因 素和性别有关。无牙老年人占4 %。有义齿老年人只有47 %。仅有49 %老年人有8 对以上咬牙合牙对。【结论】广东省老年人 中约一半牙列功能低于可接受水平, 需努力保存他们的自然牙齿

广东省成年人的口腔健康行为

目的: 描述广东省成年人的口腔健康行为及分析影响牙科服务使用的因素。方法: 通过多阶段整群抽样方法从 城市和农村抽取 35～ 44 岁组 1 573人和 65～ 74岁组 1 515人为样本, 用结构式问卷由经培训的问卷人员进行面对面问卷调 查。结果: 被检测的有牙齿的成年人基本都有每天刷牙习惯并使用牙膏,但大部分人不知道他们使用的牙膏是否含氟。只有 23%的中年人和 24%的老年人在 1 年内使用过牙科服务。不看牙的主要原因是自觉没有需要和问题不严重。他们很少接受 预防性的牙科服务。社会经济因素和自觉的口腔健康状况影响牙科服务的使用 。结论: 广东成人牙科服务使用率低并多为 口腔疾病症状所驱使,其口腔健康行为急需改善