移植免疫与器官再生的研究进展

在临床移植手术和免疫抑制取得巨大成功后的数十年间,同种移植免疫领域堪称突破的进展较少。异种移植由于排斥和感染等障碍举步维艰,令很多研究者失去兴趣。器官再生研究尽管方兴未艾,但距离解决人类的实际问题还有相当长的路要走。近年来,随着干细胞技术和基因编辑技术的发展,移植与再生领域取得了巨大发展。在此,我们对科学意义和应用前景较为突出的进展加以评述,挂一漏万乃至谬误之处,恳请同行指正。国家自然科学基金(81401318

Marketing strategy of Guizhou Power grid

2002年底我国电力体制改革后，电网企业作为市场主体独立运作。电网的自然垄断和基础性行业的特殊地位，使其市场营销模式也独具特色。伴随着社会经济的不断发展，电网企业总是处在供需矛盾的不平衡之中，但它们都很好的完成了自己的使命。 贵州电网公司是一家省级供电企业，它在负责完成本省范围内的供电任务的同时还担负着“西电东送”重任，所以在这其中的矛盾和问题会显得更多也更特殊。随着“十二五”规划的全面落实，针对这些问题和矛盾应该有所思考，同时还应该寻求解决之道，这就是本文想做的事，如能给同行以借鉴应属无心插柳之举。 本文共分六章，对贵州电网电力市场营销问题进行分析并探求解决的思路和方法。 第一章是绪论...The power grid enterprises become main players in the market and run independently and operate when our country made the reform of electric power system after 2002. Power grid was belong to natural monopoly and special position foundation industry, cause it’s marketing model that have some peculiar characteristic. With the development of society and economy, power grid enterprises always in imbala...学位：工商管理硕士院系专业：管理学院高级经理教育中心（EMBA项目）_高级管理人员工商管理硕士(EMBA)学号：X201015601

The empirical analysis on the relationship between the market structure and the performance of the fund industry in China

近年来，得益于“超常规发展机构投资者”战略，我国证券投资基金业的发展令人瞩目，同时，全球基金业巨头纷纷进入我国，这必将对我国基金业的市场格局产生重要影响。因此，如何促进我国基金业快速、健康、规范地发展，使其真正成为促进资本市场优化配置的重要力量，就成为摆在我们面前的重要课题。 本文在对我国基金业的研究中，基于SCP范式的分析框架，对近几年来我国基金业的市场结构与市场行为的特点和变化进行了考察和研究，在借鉴国外先进经验的基础上，结合我国基金业的具体特点，提出政府应该努力消除行政性壁垒，逐步放开基金业准入限制,促进基金管理者的多样化和市场竞争，通过逐步构建一个竞争性强的基金业市场结构，来优化我国...Recently, the securities fund industry in China developed rapidly due to the supernormal institution investor development strategy. And many big fund investors in the world joined the business in China, which brought great influence to the fund market in China. Thus, it becomes an important issue to transfer the fund industry into a good channel for capital market resources allocation through fast...学位：经济学硕士院系专业：经济学院财政金融系_金融工程学号：20044206

Simulation of Pine Sawdust Gasification with Oxygen, Steam and Carbon Dioxide as Gasifying Agents

以氧气-水蒸气-二氧化碳作为气化介质,松木屑为原料,采用Aspen Plus软件,结合自建模型,对生物质气化进行了模拟研究。首先,利用文献中的数据对模型进行了验证,模拟结果与文献中的数据基本吻合,证明了该模型的正确性。接着,考察了气化温度、氧气用量（c_（ER））、水蒸气与生物质质量比（m_S/m_B）、二氧化碳与生物质质量比（mCO2/mB）对产气组成、气体热值、气体产率、气化效率和产气氢碳比（n_（H2）/n_（CO））的影响。结果表明：在850℃、101.325 k Pa、c_（ER）=0.2、m_S/m_B=1、mCO_2/m_B=0.6的条件下,气化产物特性为气体热值7.45 MJ/m~3、气体产率1.78 m~3/kg、气化效率73.3%、氢碳比1.79。适当提高气化温度有利于气化。c_（ER）的增大使气体热值、产率和气化效率均迅速降低;但对产气中氢碳比的影响较小。此外,气化剂中水蒸气的适量增加有利于氢气的产生并能明显提高其体积分数,二氧化碳的适量增加有利于一氧化碳的产生并能在一定程度上提高其体积分数,二者均能有效调节产气的氢碳比。Using Aspen Plus software, a model was developed to simulate the gasification of pine sawdust with steam-oxygencarbon dioxide as gasifying agent. At first, the model was verified by the data of literature and the results showed that the model was reliable. And then,the effects of gasification temperature, oxygen equivalence ratio（ CER ） , the mass ratio of steam to biomass （ms/roB） as well as the mass ratio of carbon dioxide to biomass （mco2/mB ） on gas composition, low heating value, yield, gasification efficiency and H/C ratio （n.2/nco） in the produced gas were studied. The low heating value, yield, gasification efficiency and H/C ratio of the produced gas reached 7.45 M）/m3 , 1.78 m3/kg, 13.3 %, 1.79 respectively under the optimum reaction conditions of 850 ℃, 101.325 kPa, CER = 0.2, ms/mB = 1, mco2/mB = 0.6. Higher gasification temperature was favorable to the process of biomass gasification. With the increased CER, the low heating value, gas yield and gasification efficiency decreased rapidly,while H/C ratio was basically keeping stable. The amount of steam added into gasification agent enhanced H2 content in the produced gas ; while appropriate amount of CO2 added would improve the CO content. Therefore, either of the above two measures could effectively adjust the H/C ratio in the produced gas.福建省科技厅高校产学合作项目（2016H61010067

福建生物质能源产业的发展思路与对策

结合福建省资源特点和区位优势,就福建省生物质能源产业的发展思路与对策进行了探讨。提出福建省应及时抓住机遇,大力发展国家新兴战略型产业—生物质能源产业,并充当海西生物质能源产业发展的领头羊。还就福建省生物质能源产业的发展提出了一些具体建议,主要包括:加强生物质能源生产技术的研发,建立面向国内外市场的生物质能源技术创新基地和工程中心,促进产学研合作,强化生物质能源开发利用系统集成和相关服务等

Theoretical Analysis and Experiment on Flow Allocation Characteristics of Dual Discharging Axial Piston Pump

通过改变缸体结构、柱塞数、端盖油路、配流盘形状等,设计了双排油内外环并联配流结构的轴向柱塞泵,实现了单柱塞泵两路高压供油。针对单环柱塞数减少,腔; 内压力冲击增大,脉动变大等问题,对配流结构进行重新设计。在排油腰形槽和吸油腰形槽过渡区取消卸荷槽,利用加大配错角,在排油完毕未接通吸油时,腔内封; 闭体积增大,未排尽的高压油液压力降低;在吸油腰形槽和排油腰形槽过渡区,排油卸荷槽利用阶梯变化通流面积代替原连续变化的通流面积,削弱了卸荷槽几何形; 状要求。重新设计后的双排油配流结构,以45mL轴向柱塞泵结构为参考,对配流结构进行了理论分析,建立了双排油轴向柱塞泵仿真模型。以单柱塞腔内压力; 冲击、输出流量进行分析研究,得外环压力冲击小,与传统配流结构相比较双排油输出口压力脉动变化率变小,并试制双排油轴向柱塞泵。对试制泵进行压力脉动测; 试、容积效率测试和噪声测试,结果表明,与45mL轴向柱塞泵进行对比,压力脉动降低了约30%,噪声也降低,容积效率不低于0.92。该双排油轴向柱; 塞泵可以代替双联泵,使系统结构简化,能耗降低。When providing two-way independent high-pressure high-flow oil sources,; hydraulic system generally adopts two separate piston pumps or coaxial; ones in series, causing complex structure and high cost. Therefore,; single piston pump was proposed to achieve two-way high-pressure oil; supply. Axial piston pump was designed with dual discharging inter-outer; ring parallel allocation structure by changing cylinder structure,; piston number, cap circuit and valve plate shape. Flow allocation; structure was redesigned due to decreased single ring piston number,; increased pressure shock and fluctuation in the chamber. Relief notch; was cancelled in transition region from oil-discharging to oil-absorbing; waist slots. After that, mismatch angle was increased to enlarge closed; volume in chamber and reduce the pressure of unexhausted high-pressure; oil in the interval between oil extraction and absorption. In transition; region from oil-absorbing to oil-discharging waist slots, stepped flow; area was used to replace original continuous flow area to weaken; geometry requirements of relief notch. The optimized dual discharging; flow allocation structure was conducted with theoretical analysis to; establish dual discharging axial piston pump simulation model based on; 45mL axial piston pump structure. There was small pressure shock in; outer race by analyzing pressure shock and output flow in single piston; chamber. Compared with traditional flow allocation structure, dual; discharging oil output had smaller pressure fluctuation rate. Based on; this, the designed dual discharging axial piston pump was piloted. The; pilot dual discharging oil pump was compared with the original 45mL; pump through pressure fluctuation, volumetric efficiency and noise; tests. Result showed that the former had lower pressure fluctuation; (decreased by 30%) and noise level, while its volumetric efficiency was; not smaller than 92%. In general, the dual discharging axial piston pump; can replace duplex pump to simplify system structure and reduce energy; consumption. This new pump can also be used in closed circuit and; differential cylinder hydraulic systems to make the system simpler and; cost-effective.山西省自然科学基金项目; 国家自然科学基金项

反倾销与反补贴中的财务信息揭示

在WTO的规则体系中,倾销和补贴都属于“不公平竞争”,二者共同之处都是出口产品以低于国内的正常价格在进口国市场销售,WTO的《反倾销协议》和《反补贴协议》允许成员国政府对受到外来不公平竞争影响的公司予以行业关税保护。我国于2001年12月发布了《中华人民共和国保障措施条例》、《中华人民共和国反倾销条例》和《中华人民共和国反补贴条例》,并成立了产业损害调查局履行相关职责。按照这些协议和条例的有关规定展开的反倾销和反补贴调查,除了聘请律师外,还会有会计师的参与。这是因为在调查程序中会涉及到一些重要的财务信息,这些财务信息在出口产品正常价值的确定、补贴收入的确

Research Progress on Biomass Gasification and Catalytic Reforming of Biomass Tar

本文综述了国内外研究机构在生物质气化技术方面的研究进展,主要是对不同于传统气化炉结构的优化设计和对焦油催化裂解所用的催化剂的研究进行了评述,最后指出了进一步的研究与发展方向:如生物质气化反应器的模拟;焦油催化裂解反应机理的研究和动力学模型的建立。In this paper,biomass gasification technologies and related subjects are reviewed.The optimization design of the gasifier which is different from the traditional gasifier structure and the effect of catalysts on tar reforming and syngas quality are discussed.Finally,the direction for further research and development is pointed out,such as the simulation of biomass gasification reactors,the mechanism of catalytic reaction and its dynamics model establishment

盈余持续性、审计师类型对盈余持续性的影响及资本市场反应

以我国2002~2008年期间A股上市公司为研究对象,延续Sloan的方法,利用mishkin检验来考察公司盈余持续性、审计师类型对盈余持续性的影响及股票市场反应。发现公司盈余中应计成分持续性低于现金流量成分;四大审计客户的盈余持续性要高于非四大审计的客户;与公司盈余中现金流量成分相比,四大审计师更显著提高公司盈余中应计成分的持续性;股票价格中所包含的公司盈余预期不能反映公司盈余中应计成分和现金流量成分持续性的差别;股票价格中包含的盈余预期可以总体上反映四大与非四大审计师对公司盈余持续性影响的差异,但股票价格中包含的盈余预期不能反映四大与非四大审计师对公司盈余中应计成分和现金流量成分持续性影响的不同,市场符合"幼稚投资者"假说

几种不同生物质的快速热解

在一流化床连续热解装置中(生物质处理能力1 kg/H),对松树、杨树、芒草、和甜高粱等几种典型的生物质进行了快速热解研究。考察了热解温度、停留时间、进料颗粒大小等对生物油产率与组成的影响,获得了这几种生物质的最佳热解工艺条件。研究结果表明,在相同的操作条件下,木质类生物质具有相对较高的生物油产率;而芒草和甜高粱等草本类生物质由于含灰分较多,热解后所得固体产物——生物焦的产率较高,但生物油的产率相对较低,不过其生物油组成中含氧量也相对较低