Assessing ecological risks of heavy metals to marine organisms in the Jiulongjiang Estuary by species sensitivity distribution

采用物种敏感性分布法(SSd)构建常见重金属元素对海洋生物的SSd曲线,结合九龙江口水体5、8、11月份21个站位重金属调查数据,计算了九龙江口7种重金属(AS,Cd,Cr,Cu,Hg,Pb,zn)不同暴露浓度对海洋生物的潜在影响比例(PAf),并分析了在相应站位重金属复合污染生态风险(MSPAf)。结果表明,7种重金属中AS的生态风险最大(即PAf值最高);时间尺度上,5月份总的MSPAf较其他月份稍高;空间尺度上,西溪至海门岛(1~7号站位)污染较严重,其中又以位于西溪和玉枕洲的2号和5号站位的MSPAf为最。In the present work,a species sensitivity distribution( SSD) method was used to assess the ecological risk of common heavy metals to marine organisms.The ecological risk was characterized by potentially affected fraction( PAF) of species in relation to concentration of the toxic materials.According to the investigation data obtained at 21 stations in the Jiulongjiang Estuary in May,August and November,the PAFs of seven heavy metals( As,Cd,Cr,Cu,Hg, Pb,and Zn) to marine organisms were calculated.The results showed that As had the highest PAF among the seven heavy metals at each station of the Jiulongjiang Estuary.Spatially,the multi-substance PAF( msPAF) in May was higher than in other months.Temporally,the msPAF of the Stations 1-7( from the Xixi Stream to the Haimen Isle of the Jiulongjiang Estuary) suffered from heavier pollution.In particular,the pollution status of the Station 2 and Station 5 was the most serious among all the investigated stations.海洋公益性行业科研经费专项(201105015); 国家海洋局青年海洋科学基金项目(2011143); 国家自然科学基金项目(31101902); 福建省自然科学基金项目(2012J05074); 国家海洋局第三海洋研究所基本科研业务费专项(海三科2011006)资

南海中深层动力格局与演变机制研究进展

南海是连接印度洋-太平洋的最大边缘海,在季风、海峡水交换以及复杂地形影响下,南海环流呈现出独特的三层结构以及远强于大洋的混合特征.理论与观测表明,南海内潮、内孤立波以及强风等过程是强混合的动力来源.在南海强混合作用下,南海发育了活跃的中深层动力系统,一方面促进了南海与大洋之间的水体交换,另一方面调控上层风生环流,使得南海环流显著区别于其他热带与副热带海盆.南海活跃的中深层环流所具有的物质搬运能力又显著影响着南海的地质沉积、生物地球化学循环等过程.中国对深海研究持续投入,在南海中深层环流动力学研究方面取得了显著的成果,文章就该方面进行总结,并对南海深海环流未来研究设想进行初步探讨

Simple Combustion Production and Characterization of Octahydro[60]fullerene with a Non-IPR C-60 Cage

1. Xiamen Univ, State Key Lab Phys Chem Solid Surface, Xiamen 361005, Peoples R China 2. Xiamen Univ, Dept Chem, Coll Chem & Chem Engn, Xiamen 361005, Peoples R China 3. Xiamen Univ, Sch Life Sci, Xiamen 361005, Peoples R ChinaFor the first time an easier, operable combustion method is employed for the synthesis of non-IPR fullerene, and an octahydro[60)fullerene with a non-IPA C-60 cage (C-60 isomer C-#1809(60)) produced by combustion is isolated and characterized by MS, UV vis, IR, and NMR spectroscopies in combination with DFT calculations. This finding shows that, in addition to chlorine, hydrogen can be an ample cataloreactant for the production of non-IPR fullerene derivatives under such conditions as arc-burning and diffusion combustion.NSFC 20525103 20673088 20973137 20721001 20423002 21031004 973 projects 2007CB815301 2007CB81530

一类基于图上随机游动的密钥共享体制

通过图上的随机游动构造了一个具有随机重构算法的密钥共享体制,该重构算法的空间复杂度由一般的多项式级别降低到对数级别,同时保持时间复杂度没有增加.另外,由该密钥共享体制可以诱导出一类具有特殊性质的线性码,进而构造出新的密钥共享体制以实现较好的存取结构.基于这个密钥共享体制可以设计一个具体的具有统计安全性的安全多方计算协议,而这一方面已知的例子并不多

Application of Load/Unload Response Ratio Seismogenic Integral in Earthquake Prediction in Xinjiang

本文首先利用加卸载响应比孕震积分,对2001年以来新疆境内南天山西段和喀什—乌恰交汇区发生的4次M_S≥6.0地震,进行了震例检验。结果显示,孕震初期孕震积分在背景值附近波动,变化平缓。随着孕震程度的加剧,孕震积分不断增加至峰值点,快速回落过程中或恢复后发震。我们还将加卸载响应比孕震积分初步应用到南天山西段的部分定点形变资料中,对比分析了哈拉峻台、乌恰台钻孔倾斜以及乌什水管仪、伸缩仪和体应变趋势日均值与以台站为中心,250km为半径的加卸载响应比孕震积分时序图。结果表明,① 哈拉峻台和乌恰台区域内构造应力场应力处于不断加载的过程,引起了定点形变资料速率的大幅度、不稳定变化; ② 当构造应力场上的应力处于缓慢不断加载的过程时,会引起定点形变测项速率方向发生改变,表现形式为趋势异常;③ 目前,南天山西段构造应力场应力水平处于不断加载的过程

Dominated Non-Statistical Behaviors in O+O2 Exchange Reactive Scattering: Quantum Resonances and Tunneling Effects

State-to-state differential and integral cross sections are obtained by accurate quantum dynamics and quasi-classical calculations with the title reaction. The pronounced forward scattering, resulting from the quantum tunneling and slow-down mechanism over the centrifugal barrier, is clearly observed. The collision energies dependent opacity function also exhibits clear non-statistical characteristics. The results are compared with quasi-classical trajectories calculation, which reveals the surprising quantum effects in this system involving such heavy atoms. The special reef structure around the intermediate well of the potential energy surface, which results in effective tunneling penetration with high total angular momentum, and the slow intramolecular energy redistribution of the intermediate O3 complex, which conduces to tuneful quantum resonance states between different partial waves, are explained to account for the significant quantum effects. The strong non-statistical behaviors in the title reaction imply a necessitation of a full quantum description of the isotope effects in an ozone stabilization processes, contrast to the current popular adopted models

Dominated non-statistical behaviors in O+O2 Exchange Reactive Scattering:

State-to-state differential and integral cross sections are obtained by accurate quantum dynamics and quasi-classical calculations with the title reaction. The pronounced forward scattering, resulting from the quantum tunneling and slow-down mechanism over the centrifugal barrier, is clearly observed. The collision energies dependent opacity function also exhibits clear non-statistical characteristics. The results are compared with quasi-classical trajectories calculation, which reveals the surprising quantum effects in this system involving such heavy atoms. The special reef structure around the intermediate well of the potential energy surface, which results in effective tunneling penetration with high total angular momentum, and the slow intramolecular energy redistribution of the intermediate O3 complex, which conduces to tuneful quantum resonance states between different partial waves, are explained to account for the significant quantum effects. The strong non-statistical behaviors in the title reaction imply a necessitation of a full quantum description of the isotope effects in an ozone stabilization processes, contrast to the current popular adopted models

Estimation of COD discharge from non-point pollution into Luoyuan Bay

根据汇水流向,借助GIS进行罗源湾汇水区的划分;在ENVI软件下利用遥感分析技术提取土地利用类型;结合研究区域内主要溪流的水质监测结果和土地利用现状,利用反推法计算出农田污染单位面积COD负荷.在此基础上,采用排污系数法和单位面积污染负荷法分别计算出各汇水区农村生活污水、畜禽养殖、农田和村镇建设用地降雨径流的COD排放量.结果表明罗源湾入海非点源污染COD总排量为11 446.44 t/a,其中农村生活污水的COD排放量最大,约占38.9%,其次是畜禽养殖、农田和村镇建设用地降雨径流污染.最后提出非点源污染控制的建议.According the flowing direction,the watershed in Luoyuan coastal zone was segmented with GIS technology.The landuse information was extracted from TM image.With water quality data and landuse information,the unit-area load of COD from farmland runoff was estimated by means of reverse educing.Consequently,COD discharges from household wastewater,livestock cultivation and the runoff from farmland and construction land were estimated using discharge coefficient and unit-area load approaches.It is estimated that total COD discharge from non-point pollution into Luoyuan Bay was 11 446.44t/a.The household wastewater was the biggest source of non-point pollution which accounts for 38.9%.The second source was livestock cultivation.The COD discharge from the runoff of farm and the construction land was the least.Advices to control non-point pollution were put forward in this paper.福建省海洋与渔业局2005年重点资助项目(T04903