西方服务创新理论研究的发展

对于服务创新的系统研究,西方学术界始于20世纪80年代。在技术方法、服务导向方法与整合方法的研究方法框架下,西方学者对服务创新进行了深入细致的研究,并取得了大量成果。本文以服务创新的研究方法为主线,从不同侧面和角度对近20年来西方服务创新研究成果进行了系统阐述与分析

Design and measurements of the high gradient accelerating structures

The purpose of this thesis was to study on design and measurements of the high gradient accelerating structures. After introducing the main parameters to characterize Linacs we explained the application of the periodic accelerating structure. Then we studied TW accelerating structure operating at K-band frequency in order to linearize longitudinal space phase to increase beam brightness in the framework of the Compact Light XLS project in order to produce hard x-ray. We estimated group velocity as a function of frequency both analytically and numerically. Analytical results have a good agreement with the numerical results. The main parameters such as shunt impedance, quality factor (Geometric factor) and R/Q independently from the operating frequency for the TM010, TM110 and TM011 for a single cylindrical “pill-box” have been determined analytically as they provide accurate model for the accelerating structures. In order to characterize a normal conducting high accelerating structure with maximum gradients operating at X-band with extremely low probability of RF breakdown, an electroformed SW structures has been fabricated and characterized by SLAC and INFN with collaboration of other institute around the world at 11.424 GHz, coated with Au-Ni. We designed a gold plate RF high gradient structure operating at the X- band coated with Au-Ni. Bench measurements have been performed in the Department of SBAI of the University of Rome “La Sapienza”. The Slater method for the SW cavity has been employed in order to quantify the electric field inside the structure. Comparing the results with the results exposed from HFSS we report the features that have been quantified, showing good agreement. We continued working on the perturbation effect due to the aperture coupled between a waveguide and a cavity but for our application in SW multi-cell high gradient accelerating structure we studied on theoretical approach for reflection coefficient calculation in a SW cavity coupled to a waveguide. One method was based on circuit theory in which we found the overall Q of a resonant circuit for a cavity coupled to an external waveguide containing the RF generator. Q calculation led to the determining of the shunt impedance and consequently the reflection coefficient calculation. Comparison of the results shows a good agreement with the numerical results carried out by using the numerical code, HFSS. Another method of reflection coefficient calculation has been accomplished. We applied the modified Bethe’s theory presented by Collin and developed by De santis, Mostacci and L.Palumbo for TM01 mode cavities coupled by a small hole with a thickness size comparable to the wavelength. The amplitudes of forward and backward waves due to polarizabilites have been determined and we found equations for reflection and transmission coefficients. We demonstrated that our equation for reflection coefficient calculation is an analogous of the reflection coefficient obtained by Collin for TE10 using the circuit theory

Primary Identification of Triterpene Compounds in Chizhi (Ganoderma lucidum) by HPLC-APCI-MS

采用反相高效液相色谱-二极管阵列检测器(RP-HPLC-DAD)和大气压化学电离质谱(APCI-MS)联用技术,分析赤芝中含有的三萜类化合物。使用反相C18色谱柱,以乙腈和水(含2%冰醋酸)为流动相梯度洗脱,流速为0.8ml/min,室温下,色谱检测波长253nm;用DAD检测器记录各个色谱峰的紫外吸收光谱,采用APCI-MS进行在线同步分析,记录TIC总离子流色谱图和各个色谱峰的质谱图,通过紫外光谱及质谱分析并与文献对照初步鉴定了赤芝中的32个三萜类成分。High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization-mass spectrometry (APCI-MS) was applied to analyze the triterpenoids in extracts of Ganoderma lucidum. The extraction conditions are: Hypersil C4 (4.6 mm × 150 mm) column with gradient elution with acetonitrile and water (2.0% acetic acid) as mobile phase, flow-rate 0.8 ml/min, and room temperature about 25 ℃. The detection wavelength is 253 nm and the UV spectra of peaks are obtainedwith a photodiode array detector (DAD). On-line APCI-MS in positive and negative mode was used to get the mass spectrum of the analyte. Thirty-two components of Ganoderma lucidum are primarily identified by comparison of the UV spectra and mass spectrum according to published literatures.青岛“2004将才计划”项目(04-3-JJ-11);; 共建生物医药研发测试中心资助项目(LS-05-KJZX-76

珠穆朗玛峰北坡6000m以上主要生境细菌群落特征

流式细胞技术及构建的细菌16S rRNA基因文库揭示了珠穆朗玛峰北坡6600~8000m表层雪中细菌的数量,以及6000m冰塔林、6350m冰川融水和6600m表层雪中细菌的群落特征.珠峰北坡表层雪中细菌数量高于南极地区,但与其他高山雪中相似.表层雪中细菌的数量有随海拔升高而增多的趋势,但与离子的浓度相关性不太.珠峰北坡冰冻环境中的细菌16S rRNA序列与土壤、湖泊和河流、动植物体及其他冷冻环境中细菌的相似.冰塔林、冰川融水和表层雪中细菌具不同的群落特征,Cytophaga-Flavobacterium-Bacteroides(CFB)类群细菌在冰川融水中占绝对优势,冰塔林中属于β-Proteobacteria和CFB类的细菌为优势种,而表层雪中细菌则以β-Proteobacteria和Actinobacteria类的细菌为主,不同生境中细菌群落的不同可能是由于细菌的沉积后变化引起.国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(批准号:2005CB422004);; 国家自然科学基金项目(批准号:40121101,40401054);; 中国科学院创新项目(批准号:KZCX3-SW-339);; “百人计划”项目及国际社会公益项目(批准号:2005DIA3J106

御寒暖胃膏穴位贴敷对胃癌前病变大鼠胃黏膜的影响

目的:研究御寒暖胃膏贴敷胃经穴对慢性萎缩性胃炎癌前病变大鼠胃黏膜的影响,探讨御寒暖胃膏贴敷胃经穴对慢性萎缩性胃炎癌前病变大鼠胃黏膜损伤修复的作用机制。方法:大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、御寒暖胃膏贴敷胃经穴组、御寒暖胃膏贴敷对照点组、药物对照组,采用综合干预方法复制慢性萎缩性胃炎癌前病变大鼠模型,肉眼下观察大鼠胃黏膜损伤指数,光镜下观察胃黏膜组织的病理变化,彩色多普勒观察胃黏膜的血流量。结果:与模型组比较,御寒暖胃膏贴敷胃经穴组和药物对照组大鼠胃黏膜损伤指数值均显著降低(P0.05),胃黏膜组织的病理损伤未得到明显修复,胃黏膜血流量未见显著升高(P>0.05)。结论:御寒暖胃膏贴敷胃经穴可以促进慢性萎缩性胃炎癌前病变大鼠胃黏膜损伤的修复,增加胃黏膜的血流量,并且存在经脉-脏腑特异相关性。深圳市科技研发资金项目(JCYJ20130401105615482

珠穆朗玛峰地区东绒布冰川冰雪微生物群落及其季节变化

通过流式细胞计数和构建环境样品16S rRNA基因的克隆文库,分析了珠穆朗玛峰地区东绒布冰川冰雪微生物数量和菌群结构特征及其与季节变化的关系．珠峰地区冰雪微生物的16S rRNA基因序列分属于α,β,γ-变形菌纲,放线菌门,厚壁菌门,CFB,蓝细菌,真核质体,待定门TM7共9大类,以γ-变形菌纲为主要类群,其中Acinetobacter和Leclercia属是整个菌群中的优势属．微生物的数量和菌群结构具有明显的季节特征,夏季微生物的数量高于冬季;菌群结构具有一些共有属种的同时,在夏、冬季雪中具有各自特有的属种,共有属种推测是青藏高原局地源的微生物,序列同源性分析结果表明,夏季较多细菌属种与海洋环境相关,冬季细菌则具有更强的耐冷性．微生物明显的季节变化可能是受珠峰地区夏季和冬季不同水汽来源的影响

Research on new A>170 neutron-rich nuclei by a Laser Ion Source

本文概述了 A > 170 质量区重丰中子同位素研究的主要工作和意义；介绍了 A > 170 重丰中子同位素合成、分离和鉴别方法；详细论述了激光离子源的原理、设计及其同传统离子源相比所具有的优越性；在文章结尾，设计了一个物理实验，实验目的在于：1）寻找 ~(181)Yb新核素；2）揭示天体物理学中~(180m)Ta 的产生问题。我们对反应截面进行了分析，并对产额进行了估计，证明了此实验设计的合理性，进而说明了带激光离子源的同位素分离器适用于产生截面很低的新核素和衰变研究。本文重点讨论了激光离子源的各方面问题：介绍了激光多步共振电离原理和激光离子源原理；具体分析了热毛细管式激光离子源元素选择性的产生及其影响的因素；讨论了在设计、加工过程中的具体问题；描述了所使用的激光技术；通过在线实验验证了热毛细管式激光离子源的元素选择性和分离效率。本文概述了 A > 170 质量区重丰中子同位素研究的主要工作和意义；介绍了 A > 170 重丰中子同位素合成、分离和鉴别方法；详细论述了激光离子源的原理、设计及其同传统离子源相比所具有的优越性；在文章结尾，设计了一个物理实验，实验目的在于：1）寻找 ~(181)Yb新核素；2）揭示天体物理学中~(180m)Ta 的产生问题。我们对反应截面进行了分析，并对产额进行了估计，证明了此实验设计的合理性，进而说明了带激光离子源的同位素分离器适用于产生截面很低的新核素和衰变研究。本文重点讨论了激光离子源的各方面问题：介绍了激光多步共振电离原理和激光离子源原理；具体分析了热毛细管式激光离子源元素选择性的产生及其影响的因素；讨论了在设计、加工过程中的具体问题；描述了所使用的激光技术；通过在线实验验证了热毛细管式激光离子源的元素选择性和分离效率

Are Banks Really Able to Detect Earnings Management? Empirical Evidence Based on the Bank Loan Contracts

利用银行借款合约研究盈余管理与银行借款担保之间的关系,检验银行能否识别上市公司的盈余管理行为。通过使用2001-2012年1319笔银行借款数据,以操控性应计利润衡量盈余管理,实证检验发现:盈余管理与银行借款担保没有表现出显著的正相关关系;盈余管理程度不同公司的银行借款担保概率与财务业绩的相关性不存在显著差异。进一步研究发现,如果银行预测到公司未来现金流较低,或在金融市场发展水平较高的地区,公司盈余管理程度越高,银行借款需要担保的概率越大。研究表明,银行在一定程度上能够识别公司盈余管理行为。Using the bank loan contracts,we investigate the relationship between earnings management and bank loan guarantee,in order to examine whether banks are able to detect earnings management in listed firms.Based on a sample of 1319 bank loans during 2001-2012, this paper measures earnings management using discretionary accruals.The empirical results show that there is no significant association between bank loan guarantee and earnings management.Firms with different levels of earnings management are not significantly different in the relations between the probability of bank loan guarantee and financial performance.However,if the bank anticipates that the firms' future cash flows are relatively low,or the firms are located in the regions with more developed financial markets,the probability of bank loan guarantee is positively associated with earnings management.On the whole,this paper concludes that banks are able to detect earnings management to some extent.教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目(12JJD790030

在放射性束装置上进行新核素鉴别及其衰变性质的研究

综述了近年来在放射束装置上进行新核素鉴别及其衰变性质研究取得的一些成果， 并简要介绍了即将在兰州放射性束装置上开展的奇异核衰变性质的研究工作．The progresses of new isotope identification and decay property studies on radioactive nuclear beam facilities are reviewed. Studies of the decay properties of exotic nuclei that will be performed at RIBLL are briefly introduced.中国科学院九五重大课

反应控制相转移催化环氧化苯乙烯

研究了磷钨杂多酸盐反应控制相转移催化H2O2直接氧化苯乙烯制环氧苯乙烷的反应,考察了溶剂、H2O2用量、催化剂用量、反应温度、时间、苯乙烯浓度等因素对反应的影响。获得的适宜的反应条件为：乙酸乙酯为溶剂,n（苯乙烯）∶n（H2O2）∶n（催化剂）=300∶300∶1,反应温度60℃,反应时间6h,反应液中苯乙烯质量分数为10%。在该条件下,苯乙烯的转化率为85.5%,环氧苯乙烷的选择性为84.9%。催化剂可过滤回收,循环使用2次后的活性无明显下降