女子短大生の主観的健康の変化とその要因 : 生活習慣、生活ストレス、ソーシャルサポートとの関係を中心に

The purpose of this study was to clarify influences of lifestyle factors on subjective health changes of female students during 6 months after they entered the college in April 1993. Then, two studies using self-administered questionnaire were conducted. The first study was carried out in April 1993 and the second was done in last October. As for measurements, THI was used as a indicator of subjective health. This indicator was surveyed in both research periods. College life experiences scale (CLES), emotional social support score, health practice index (HPI) and three questions of health habits surveyed in the second study were used as lifestyle factors. To examine the impact of lifestyle factors on changes of subjective health, multiple regression analyses were conducted. THI was a dependent variable and three lifestyle factors stated above were adopted as independent variables. Our study subjects were 207 female college students ; their majors were health sciences. The results were as follows : 1) As for the sub-scale of many subjective symptoms, a significant standardized partial regression coefficient of perceived regularity of daily life (β = 0.23) was found. 2) Two significant standardized partial regression coefficients on the sub-scale of depressiveness were found ; the HPI (β= - 0.18) and emotional social support scale. (β= -0.16) 3) Three significant standardized partial regression coefficients on the sub-scale of irregularity of daily life were found ; those variables were perceived regularity of daily life (β=0.23), HPI(β= -0.17) and emotional social support scale. (β= 0.20

樹幹の振動および固定がハンノキ属 2 種の成長におよぼす影響(林学部門)

落葉広葉樹ハンノキ属の2樹種の若木について, 3とおりの機械的刺激 : 振動, 固定, および自然(対照)を樹幹に与えて, 約1生育期間の成長への影響を調べた。実験結果を要約するとつぎのとおりである。1)振動によって樹高成長は減少, 直径成長は増加し, そしてH/Dは減少した。生枝下部の幹断面積成長は, 振動で下方ほど著しく促進された。しかし樹冠内では振動の影響はあらわれない。固定すると生枝下部で減少し, 樹冠内での増加が著しい。2)処理期間中の年輪成長幅は, 振動方向の増加が樹幹全体であらわれた。この傾向は下方ほど大きい。3)根重および根の割合は振動によって増加した。とくに支持根で著しい傾向があり, しかも振動方向に発達して耐振動性が大きくなった。4)全樹体, 地上部, 幹枝葉の各重量に対する処理の影響はばらばらであったが, 振動で乾物生産が減少することはなかった。幹枝葉のしめる割合は振動によって顕著な変化があらわれない。T/Rはヤシャブシで処理効果がなく, ヤマハンノキの実験では振動自然>固定で各10%差だった。The effects of three mechanical stimulations : shaking, staying, and free-swaying (control), on the growth and development of young alder trees were studied. The period of the treatments was from 72 to 108 days. The summary of the results are as follows. 1) The shaking reduced height growth, enhanced diameter growth, and consequently decreased the ratio of height to diameter. Stem crosssectional area increment on clear bole was markedly increased by shaking, with the increase toward the stem base. The stayed trees showed a pronounced upward shift of increment, at the expense of downward stem parts. 2) Trees responed to unidirectional shaking by producing larger diameter increment along the shaking direction throughout their length, with increasing on the lower stem. 3) The effects of shaking affected growth by altering weight and percentage of roots, especially for larger roots more than 0.2cm in diameter. The root system was reflected by the development in direction to the stem shaking. 4) Although the evident tendency of the effects of the mechanical treatments on the dry weight of stem, branches, leaves, above-ground parts, and a whole tree has not become visible, the shaking did not reduced dry matter production. With the exception of root growth, the shaked and stayed trees did not alter the distribution of dry weight of each organ within the tree. The ratio of above-ground parts to root of a Alnus firma tree was not affected by shaking, but for A. hirsuta var. sibirica, the value resulted in decrease for shaken trees and in increase for stayed. 5) In the stayed treatment where A. hirsuta var. sibirica trees were prevented from swaying throughout their length, the stem bending was observed after the tree stakes were removed. Mean bulk density of stems spaned a range from 0.37g/(cm)^3 for shaking to 0.31g/(cm)^3 for staying

高齢者に対する認知症関連政策と認知症ケアが抱える課題

超高齢社会となったわが国では、認知症高齢者の増加も社会的に対応しなければならない課題である。振り返ると、高齢者の介護は家庭で担うことが一般的であり、認知症（痴呆症）であっても例外ではなかった。その後、高齢者に関する制度や社会保障制度の整備が進んだこともあって、医療機関や地域における施設がその受け皿となっていった。受け皿が整備されていったことにより、認知症（痴呆症）高齢者への対応は脱家族化していくことになる。2000 年4 月以降、介護保険制度が開始されたが、これを転換点として認知症（痴呆症）高齢者は家庭へ回帰することになっていく。しかしながら、これまでの間、認知症（痴呆症）高齢者へのケアは医療機関や地域における施設が対応してきたことから、在宅における介護サービスでのノウハウは十分なものであるとは言えない。そして、介護保険制度では地域包括ケアシステムの推進が進められており、そこでは「住み慣れた地域での生活」を実現するため、「地域」を概念的に包括したキーワードとして掲げていることから、特に在宅における認知症ケアのあり方やノウハウの構築を進めていかなければならない。In Japan, which has become a super-aging society, the increase in the number of elderly with dementia is also an issue that must be dealt with socially. Looking back, it was common for elderly people to be cared for at home, and dementia was no exception. After that, as the system for the elderly and the social security system progressed, medical institutions and facilities in the community became the recipients. As the reception has been improved, the support for the elderly with dementia will shift away from the family.Since April 2000, the long-term care insurance system has been started, but with this as a turning point, the elderly with dementia will return to their homes. However, until now, care for the elderly with dementia has been handled by medical institutions and facilities in the community, so it cannot be said that the know-how of nursing care services at home is sufficient.In addition, the long-term care insurance system is promoting a comprehensive community care system. In particular, we must promote the construction of dementia care methods and know-how at home