Analysis of foot and claw diseases/disorders in Czech Holstein cows

Received: 2018-05-07 | Accepted: 2018-05-14 | Available online: 2018-11-26https://doi.org/10.15414/afz.2018.21.04.194-196Foot and claw diseases/disorders from 24 545 lactations of 10 340 Holstein cows were recorded on 7 farms in the Czech Republic from 1999 to 2018. There were defined a three groups of foot and claw disorders/diseases: diseases of skin (SD), which cover digital, interdigital dermatitis and interdigital phlegmon; then disorders of the claw horn (CH) including ulcers, white line disease, horn fissures, together with double sole and  overall claw diseases (OCD) ingluding all the recorded disorders. The OCD ratio observed during 1th and 305th days of lactation was  52.56% of all evaluated lactations. The observed ratio of SD and CH  were 28.61% and 27.15%, respectively. A foot and claw disorders were defined as 0/1 occurrence per lactation, for the purposes of analyses,. Genetic parameters were estimated using by linear animal models for evaluated traits. Models  included the random additive genetic effect of animal (A), the permanent environmental effect of cow (PE), fixed effects of parity, farm, year and season of calving, and age at calving as discreet variables in classes. The estimated heritability were 13.84%, 12.64% and 9.83%, 8.73% and 9.97%, for OCD, CH, SD, ulcers (U) and for dermatitis digitalis and interdigitalis (DD), respectively. Genetic correlation was 17.66% between SD and CH, whereas traits SD and DD equal high genetic similarity (98.4%). Also correlation between CH and U traits was high (92.62%). The presented results indicate to possibility of selection against foot and claw disorders/diseases for Czech Holstein population. The work was supported by the project QJ1510144 and the institutional support MZE-RO0718 of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Czech Republic.Keywords: cattle, foot and claw disorders, genetic parameters, health traits, uddeReferencesBuch, L. H., A. C. Sørensen, J. Lassen, P. Berg, J. A. Eriksson, J. H. Jakobsen,  M. K. Sørensen (2011) Hygiene-related and feed-related hoof diseases show different patterns of genetic correlations to clinical mastitis and female fertility. J. Dairy Sci., 94, 1540-1551.Chapinal, N., A. Koeck, A. Sewalem, D. F. Kelton, S. Mason, G. Cramer,F. Miglior (2013) Genetic parameters for hoof lesions and their relationship with feet and leg traits in Canadian Holstein cows. J. Dairy Sci., 96, 2596-2604.Egger-Danner, C., O.K. Hansen, K. Stock, J.E. Pryce, J. Cole, N. Gengler, B. Heringstad (2013) Challenges and benefits of health data recording in the context of food chain quality, management and breeding. ICAR Technical Series.Groeneveld, E., M. Kovač, and N. Mielenz (2008) VCE User’s Guide and Reference Manual, Version 6.0. Krpálková, L., M. Štípková & M. Krejčová, 2016. Vliv zdraví paznehtů a úrovně reprodukce na výkonnost a zisk stáda dojnic. Náš chov, 76 (9), 58-63.Krupová, Z., Krupa, E., Michaličková, M., Wolfová, M., Kasarda, R. (2016) Economic values for health and feed efficiency traits of dual-purpose cattle in marginal areas. Journal of Dairy Science, ,. 99,  s. 644-656.Madsen, P. , J. Jensen. 2010. DMU – a package for analysing multivariate mixed models. Version 6, release 5.0., Aarhus University, Foulum, Denmark.Pérez-Cabal, M. A. ,N. Charfeddine, N. (2015) Models for genetic evaluations of claw health traits in Spanish dairy cattle.   J. Dairy Sci., 98 (11), 8186-8194.Sogstad, A. M., T. Fjeldaas, O. Østerås,  K. P. Forshell. (2005) Prevalence of claw lesions in Norwegian dairy cattle housed in tie stalls and free stalls. Prev. Vet. Med., 70, 191-209.van der Spek, D., J.A. van Arendonk, A.A. Vallée, H. Bovenhuis (2013) Genetic parameters for claw disorders and the effect of preselecting cows for trimming. J Dairy Sci., 96 (9), 6070-6078.van der Waaij, E. H., M. Holzhauer, E. Ellen, C. Kamphuis, G.de Jong. (2005) Genetic parameters for claw disorders in Dutch dairy cattle and correlations with conformation traits. J. Dairy Sci., 88, 3672-3678

Semiotic construction of media image of the Czechoslovak Radio and its function as the part of broadcasting in the crisis moments of the history (May 1945, August 1968, November 1989)

Semiotic construction of the media image of the Czechoslovak Radio and function as part of the show in exalted moments of history our republic (May 1945, August 1968, November 1989). The model of the show during periods exalted was created especially during the Prague Uprising in May 1945 and was repeated for the entry of troops "friends" in August 1968. One can still find older signs before the Second world war, and to a smaller extent even later, during the first days of the Velvet Revolution in November 1989. But then Czechoslovak Radio no longer preached freedom, on the contrary, she remained loyal to the totalitarian regime power and it has long concealed what was really happening. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org

Chanson in the Czech theatre

The chanson is defined as a song that transmits a concrete message. Therefore the most important component is the text and a sensible interpretation. The interpreter express the emotion at the hand of the music, the text and theatrical acting, sometimes he associates himself with the person that he is singing about. Many authors interpret their chansons, in this case it is purely personal expression. The chanson is allied with the theatrical character, but it can't be an end in itself effect. This character is an instrument how to express the idea of the song and how to get the contact with the audience. It is possible to narne the chanson as "theatre song". The chanson appeared in the Czech culture at the beginning of the 20th century, in the artistic and literary kabaret. The Czech authors had been influenced by the chanson in France, in Gerrnany and other countries. The time after the 1 st world war was the golden age of the Czech kabaret, but its end carne soon. The genres that were typical for cabaret had the continuance in the other forrns of art. The chanson has been used in the revue and in the satirical theatre (Osvobozené divadlo), in the musical comedies (Nové divadlo) and at the concerts (R. A. Dvorský). Especially the small theatres were interested in the chanson in the years 50s and 60s..