Epicardial adipose tissue thickness and NGAL levels in women with polycystic ovary syndrome

Cure, Medine Cumhur/0000-0001-9253-6459WOS: 000333112500001PubMed: 24528623Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with an increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and early atherosclerosis. Epicardial adipose tissue thickness (EATT) is clinically related to subclinical atherosclerosis. in the present study, considering the major role of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) which is an acute phase protein rapidly releasing upon inflammation and tissue injury, we aimed to evaluate NGAL levels and EATT in PCOS patients and assess their relationship with cardiometabolic factors. Methods: 64 patients with PCOS and 50 age- and body mass index-matched healthy controls were included in the study. We evaluated anthropometric, hormonal and metabolic parameters. EATT was measured by echocardiography above the free wall of the right ventricle. Serum NGAL and high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels were measured by ELISA. Results: Mean EATT was 0,38 +/-0,16 mm in the PCOS group and 0,34 +/-0,36 mm in the control group (p = 0,144). in the obese PCOS group (n = 44) EAT was thicker compared to the obese control group (n = 41) (p = 0.026). Mean NGAL levels of the patients with PCOS were 101,98 +/-21,53 pg/ml, while mean NGAL levels were 107,40 +/-26,44 pg/ml in the control group (p = 0,228). We found a significant positive correlation between EATT and age, BMI, waist circumference, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, triglyceride and hsCRP levels in PCOS group. Conclusions: Thickness of the epicardial adipose tissue can be used to follow the risk of CVD development in obese PCOS cases. However serum NGAL levels do not differ in patients with PCOS and control group

Evaluation of refeeding hypophosphatemia frequency, risk factors, and nutritional status during stem cell transplantation in patients with hematologic malignancy

© 2022 European Society for Clinical Nutrition and MetabolismBackground: Refeeding Hypophosphatemia (RH) occurs with feeding after an extended period of not feeding. Hematological Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT) is one of the effective methods for hematologic malignancy. Nutritional disorders are frequently observed in hematologic malignancies due to the disease's pathology and the treatment's effect. The study aims to determine the influencing factors by determining the frequency of RH in patients treated with HSCT. Methods: The study was conducted prospectively and randomly with 50 patients treated with HSCT for the first time. The study followed patients for 22 days, seven days before, and 14 days after. During the follow-up, data such as Scored Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA), weight changes, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mucositis, infection and Graft Versus Host Disease development, need for intensive care, and 12-month mortality were recorded. RH states were evaluated during treatment. Results: RH developed in 78% of patients treated with HSCT. Pre-transplantation PGSGA score, frequency of vomiting, and development of infection were higher in patients with RH (p < 0.05). The patients had a mean weight loss of 2.9% after transplantation. Pre-transplantation, 88% of patients were well-nourished (PGSGA 0–3), post-transplantation, 70% of patients were moderately undernourished (PGSGA 4–8), and 30% were severely malnourished (PGSGA ≥ 9). While total protein and albumin decreased after transplantation, CRP increased (p < 0.05). According to multivariate logistic regression analysis, infection (95% CI: 1.375–61.379, p = 0.022) and pre-transplant PGSGA (95% CI: 1.035–45.454, p = 0.046) independently affect RH development. Conclusions: RH was detected at a high rate in patients treated with HSCT. Elevated risk of malnutrition before transplantation, frequency of vomiting, and development of infection were determined as factors affecting RH development

Gut barrier protein levels in serial blood samples from critically ill trauma patients during and after intensive care unit stay

Purpose In an efort to better manage critically ill patients hospitalised in the intensive care unit (ICU) after experiencing multiple traumas, the present study aimed to assess whether plasma levels of intestinal epithelial cell barrier proteins, including occludin, claudin-1, junctional adhesion molecule (JAM-1), tricellulin and zonulin, could be used as novel biomarkers. Additional potential markers such as intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (I-FABP), d-lactate, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and citrulline were also evaluated. We also aimed to determine the possible relationships between the clinical, laboratory, and nutritional status of patients and the measured marker levels. Methods Plasma samples from 29 patients (frst, second, ffth and tenth days in the ICU and on days 7, 30 and 60 after hospital discharge) and 23 controls were subjected to commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) testing. Results On frst day (admission) and on the second day, plasma I-FABP, d-lactate, citrulline, occludin, claudin-1, tricellulin and zonulin levels were high in trauma patients and positively correlated with lactate, C-reactive protein (CRP), number of days of ICU hospitalisation, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) score and daily Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) scores (P<0.05–P<0.01). Conclusion The results of the present study showed that occludin, claudin-1, tricellulin and zonulin proteins, as well as I-FABP, d-lactate and citrulline, may be used as promising biomarkers for the evaluation of disease severity in critically ill trauma patients, despite the complexity of the analysis of various barrier markers. However, our results should be supported by future studies