Erythropoietin Improves the Healing of Skin Necrosis Resulting From Doxorubicin Extravasation in a Rat Model

AbstractBackgroundDoxorubicin is an antineoplastic agent that causes skin necrosis when extravasated. Various agents have been tried to reduce tissue damage owing to extravasation. Erythropoietin (EPO) is an obligatory growth factor for red blood cells and has beneficial effects on wound healing.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that local EPO injection can prevent and improve healing of necrosis at the doxorubicin injection site in rats.MethodsWe used 31 female Sprague-Dawley rats. The dorsal area of each rat was shaved, and 2 mg of doxorubicin in 0.5 mL saline was injected intradermally. The rats were then divided into 3 groups: control; control with intradermal injection of saline; and treatment, which received an intradermal injection of EPO. EPO in saline was injected into 4 quadrants of the same site where doxorubicin was injected 1 hour before. The rats were monitored and the area of each ulcer was measured. Skin biopsies were excised at the end of 4 weeks using anesthetic pentobarbital. Inflammation, edema, epithelization, neovascularization, necrosis, fibroblast proliferation, and collagen synthesis were evaluated and compared between groups.ResultsThe average areas of the lesions were significantly smaller in the EPO-injected rats (P = 0.03). The histopathologic evaluation revealed that the scores for epithelization, neovascularization, fibroblast proliferation, and collagen synthesis were higher (P < 0.001, P < 0.001, P = 0.002, and P = 0.04, respectively) and the score for necrosis was lower (P < 0.001) in the EPO-injected group than in both the saline-injected and control groups.ConclusionsIn this study using female Sprague-Dawley rats, EPO treatment improved the healing of skin necrosis caused by doxorubicin injection. This finding may lead to a new therapeutic approach for the management of skin necrosis caused by doxorubicin extravasation

Association between recurrent pregnancy losses and mthfr C677t and A1298 and Pai-1 4g/5g polymorphisms and allele frequencies in Muş

Amaç: Bu çalışmada plazminojen aktivator inhibitör tip- 1 geni 4G/5G ile metilentetrahidrofolat redüktaz geni C677T ve A1298C polimorfizmlerinin Muş ilinde tekrarlayan gebelik kayıpları ile arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesi ve alel frekanslarının saptanması amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Genomik DNA tekrarlayan gebelik kayıpları olan 34 hasta ve 34 sağlıklı kontrolün kan örneklerinden izole edilmiştir. DNA PAI-1 geni 4G/5G polimorfizmi için 4G ve 5G spesifik primerler ile amplifiye edilerek, MTHFR geni C677T ve A1298C polimorfizmleri için PCR-RFLP yöntemi uygulanarak agaroz jel elektroforezinde UV transillüminatör ile değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Hasta ve kontrol grupları arasında PAI-1 geni 4G/5G ve MTHFR geni C677T ve A1298C polimorfizmleri alel frekansları açısından anlamlı bir fark saptanmamıştır. Genotip dağılımı açısından bakıldığında ise PAI-1 geni 4G/5G ve MTHFR geni A1298C polimorfizmleri hasta ve kontrol grupları arasında farklılık göstermemiştir. MTHFR geni 677 homozigot mutantlığı (TT) ise sadece hasta grubunda, heterozigot mutantlık (CT) ise sadece kontrol grubunda tespit edilmiş olmasına ve istatistiksel açıdan da anlamlı bir farklılık göstermesine rağmen tekrarlayan gebelik kayıplarının ortaya çıkmasında bir role sahip olarak gözükmemektedir. Sonuç: Sonuç olarak Muş ilinde PAI-1 geni 4G/5G ve MTHFR geni A1298C polimorfizmlerinin tekrarlayan gebelik kayıpları için bir risk olmadığını düşünmekteyizAim: In this study it was aimed to determine the association between plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 gene (PAI-1) 4G/5G and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene C677T and A1298C polymorphisms with recurrent pregnancy losses and the allele frequencies in Mus city. Materials and Methods: Genomic DNA was isolated from blood samples of 34 patients with recurrent pregnancy losses and 34 healthy controls. DNA was amplified with 4G and 5G specific primers for detection of PAI-1 gene 4G/5G polymorphism and PCR-RFLP technique was used to analyze MTHFR gene C677T and A1298C polymorphisms. Products were assessed with UV transilluminator by being exposed to agarose gel electrophoresis. Results: The frequencies of the PAI-1 gene 4G/5G and MTHFR gene C677T and A1298C alleles in the patient group were similar to control group. According to the genotype distribution of PAI-1 gene 4G/5G and MTHFR gene A1298C polymorphisms there was no significant difference between patient and control group. MTHFR gene 677 (TT) homozygote mutation has been detected only in patients and (CT) heterozygote mutation only in the control group, despite a statistically significant difference between patient and control groups, this polymorphism does not seem to play a role in the occurrence of recurrent pregnancy loss. Conclusion: As a result of the study we may assert that PAI-1 4G/5G and MTHFR A1298C and C677T polymorphisms are not risk factors for recurrent pregnancy losses in Mus city

Clinical Significance of Reticulocyte Hemoglobin Content in the Diagnosis of Iron Deficiency Anemia

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical significance of reticulocyte hemoglobin content (CHr) in the diagnosis of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and to compare it with other conventional iron parameters. METHODS: A total of 32 female patients with IDA (serum hemoglobin 120 g/L and serum ferritin <20 ng/mL) were enrolled. RESULTS: CHr was 24.95±3.92 pg in female patients with IDA and 29.93±2.96 pg in female patients with iron deficiency. CHr showed a significant positive correlation with hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, serum iron, and transferrin saturation and a significant negative correlation with transferrin and total iron-binding capacity. The cut-off value of CHr for detecting IDA was 29 pg. CONCLUSION: Our data demonstrate that CHr is a useful parameter that can be confidently used in the diagnosis of IDA, and a CHr cut-off value of 29 pg predicts IDA

Assessment of Cerebral Arterial Flow Volume Changes with Carotid Vertebral Artery Duplex Doppler Ultrasound in Young-Middle-aged Subclinical Hashimoto Thyroiditis Patients

OBJECTIVES: To demonstrate cerebral arterial flow volume changes during the hypothyroid, euthyroid, and hyperthyroid phases and comparing between laboratory findings and cerebral arterial flow changes with carotid-vertebral duplex Doppler ultrasound (CVA-DUSG) in subclinical Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) patients. METHODS: According to the TSH level, 3 groups were constructed between patient cases. Group 1 (n=29) was the subclinical hyperthyroid group. In this group, the TSH level was between 0.0005 and 0.3 IU/ml. Group 2 (n=175) was the euthyroid group. TSH level in this group was between 0.3 and 4.2 IU/ml. Group 3 (n=76) was the subclinical hypothyroid group. In this group, the TSH level was above 4.2 IU/ml. The control-group (group 4) (n=71) included healthy people. In this group, the TSH level was between 0.3 and 4.2 IU/ml. After obtaining at least three consecutive waves from the bilateral internal cerebral artery and bilateral vertebral artery, volume flows were calculated using CVA-DUSG. Volume flows were calculated as peak systolic velocity + end diastolic velocity/2 × mean arterial diameter. The mean ICA(Internal Carotid Artery) and VA(Vertebral Artery) diameter was measured per ICA and VA. Total cerebral artery flow volume was defined as right ICA + right VA flow volume and left ICA + left VA flow volume. We also demonstrated topographic cerebral artery blood flow changes. Total ICA flow volume was used to assess the anterior part of the brain, total VA flow volume was used to evaluate the posterior part of the brain, right ICA + right VA flow volume was used to assess the right part of the brain, and left ICA + left VA flow volume was used to verify the left part of the brain. RESULTS: There were significant differences between RVA(Right Vertebral Artery) flow volume, LICA (Left Internal Carotid Artery) flow volume, total flow volume, TSH, and T3 and T4 levels in all groups according to the Dunn's multiple comparison test.(p<0.001) Mean TSH level was 0.03 (0.005-0.06) IU/ml in group 1, 2.8 (1.8-3.97) IU/ml in group 2, 7.32 (6.14-9.93) IU/ml in group 3, and 1.76 (1.17-2.49) IU/ml in the control group. The mean T3 level was 4.18 (3.55-5.38) in group 1, 2.88 (2.63-3.16) in group 2, 2.82 (2.49-3.15) in group 3, 3.14 (2.92-3.15) in the control group. The mean T4 level was 1.92 (1.29-2.5) in group 1, 1.16(1.03-1.31) in group 2, 1.01 (0.91-1.16) in group 3, 1.12 (0.97-1.30) in the control group (group 4). Mean total flow volume was 793 (745-898) ml/min in group 1, 742 (684.25-822.5) ml/min in group 2, 747 (692-824) ml/min in group 3, and 700 (673-675) ml/min in the control group. We also demonstrated topographic cerebral arterial volume flow changes with CVA-DUSG. There was a significant difference among all groups in the right and anterior parts of the brain (p < 0.001), and there was a significant difference between groups 1 and 4 in the left part of the brain (p = 0.009). CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that total cerebral arterial volume flow increased in the hyperthyroid phase of subclinical HT cases without any internal carotid and vertebral artery diameter changes compared with the euthyroid and hypothyroid phases of subclinical HT and healthy cases. We also verified topographic cerebral arterial blood flow changes in subclinical HT cases with a real-time, easily applicable modality (CVA-DUSG) that does not include X-ray or contrast agents. There was a significant difference between all groups in the right and anterior parts of the brain and there was a significant difference between groups 1 and 4 in the left part of the brain. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at [email protected]

Association between recurrent pregnancy losses and mthfr C677t and A1298 and Pai-1 4g/5g polymorphisms and allele frequencies in Muş

Amaç: Bu çalışmada plazminojen aktivator inhibitör tip- 1 geni 4G/5G ile metilentetrahidrofolat redüktaz geni C677T ve A1298C polimorfizmlerinin Muş ilinde tekrarlayan gebelik kayıpları ile arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesi ve alel frekanslarının saptanması amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Genomik DNA tekrarlayan gebelik kayıpları olan 34 hasta ve 34 sağlıklı kontrolün kan örneklerinden izole edilmiştir. DNA PAI-1 geni 4G/5G polimorfizmi için 4G ve 5G spesifik primerler ile amplifiye edilerek, MTHFR geni C677T ve A1298C polimorfizmleri için PCR-RFLP yöntemi uygulanarak agaroz jel elektroforezinde UV transillüminatör ile değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Hasta ve kontrol grupları arasında PAI-1 geni 4G/5G ve MTHFR geni C677T ve A1298C polimorfizmleri alel frekansları açısından anlamlı bir fark saptanmamıştır. Genotip dağılımı açısından bakıldığında ise PAI-1 geni 4G/5G ve MTHFR geni A1298C polimorfizmleri hasta ve kontrol grupları arasında farklılık göstermemiştir. MTHFR geni 677 homozigot mutantlığı (TT) ise sadece hasta grubunda, heterozigot mutantlık (CT) ise sadece kontrol grubunda tespit edilmiş olmasına ve istatistiksel açıdan da anlamlı bir farklılık göstermesine rağmen tekrarlayan gebelik kayıplarının ortaya çıkmasında bir role sahip olarak gözükmemektedir. Sonuç: Sonuç olarak Muş ilinde PAI-1 geni 4G/5G ve MTHFR geni A1298C polimorfizmlerinin tekrarlayan gebelik kayıpları için bir risk olmadığını düşünmekteyizAim: In this study it was aimed to determine the association between plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 gene (PAI-1) 4G/5G and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene C677T and A1298C polymorphisms with recurrent pregnancy losses and the allele frequencies in Mus city. Materials and Methods: Genomic DNA was isolated from blood samples of 34 patients with recurrent pregnancy losses and 34 healthy controls. DNA was amplified with 4G and 5G specific primers for detection of PAI-1 gene 4G/5G polymorphism and PCR-RFLP technique was used to analyze MTHFR gene C677T and A1298C polymorphisms. Products were assessed with UV transilluminator by being exposed to agarose gel electrophoresis. Results: The frequencies of the PAI-1 gene 4G/5G and MTHFR gene C677T and A1298C alleles in the patient group were similar to control group. According to the genotype distribution of PAI-1 gene 4G/5G and MTHFR gene A1298C polymorphisms there was no significant difference between patient and control group. MTHFR gene 677 (TT) homozygote mutation has been detected only in patients and (CT) heterozygote mutation only in the control group, despite a statistically significant difference between patient and control groups, this polymorphism does not seem to play a role in the occurrence of recurrent pregnancy loss. Conclusion: As a result of the study we may assert that PAI-1 4G/5G and MTHFR A1298C and C677T polymorphisms are not risk factors for recurrent pregnancy losses in Mus city

Osteoartrit Gelişimi ve Vitamin D Reseptör Geni TaqI ve ApaI Polimorfizmleri Arasındaki İlişki Üzerine Bir Araştırma

Amaç: Bu çalışmada vitamin D reseptör (VDR) geni TaqI ve ApaI polimorfizmlerinin Türk toplumunda osteoartrit gelişiminde rol oynayıp oynamadığının belirlenmesi amaçlandı.Hastalar ve yöntemler: Çalışmada 140 kişiden (95 osteoartritli hasta ve 45 sağlıklı kontrol) genomik DNA izole edildi. DNA spesifik primerler ile polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu yöntemi ile amplifiye edildi, VDR geni TaqI ve ApaI polimorfizmi genotiplerinin analizi için ise restriksiyon parça uzunluk polimorfizm (RFLP) tekniği kullanıldı. Polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu-RFLP ürünleri agaroz jel elektroforezine tabi tutularak ultraviyole translüminatör ile değerlendirildi.Bulgular: Vitamin D reseptor geni TaqI and ApaI polimorfizmleri genotip dağılımları ve alel frekansları açısından osteoartrit hastaları ile kontrol grubu arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark yoktu (p0.05). Buna ek olarak, hem hasta hem de kontrol grubuna ait genotipler ve klinik özellikler arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark yoktu.Sonuç: Sonuç olarak, bu çalışmanın sonuçları üzerinde çalışılan Türk toplumunda VDR geni TaqI and ApaI polimorfizmlerinin osteoartrit gelişiminde rol oynamadığına işaret etmektedir.Objectives: This study aims to determine whether Vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene TaqI and ApaI polymorphisms are involved in the development of osteoarthritis in the Turkish population. Patients and methods: In this study, genomic DNA was isolated from 140 subjects (95 patients with osteoarthritis and 45 healthy controls). The DNA was amplified with specific primers by polymerase chain reaction and the restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) technique was used to analyze the VDR gene TaqI and ApaI polymorphism genotypes. Polymerase chain reaction-RFLP products were assessed with and ultraviolet transilluminator by being exposed to agarose gel electrophoresis. Results: In terms of the genotype distributions and the allele frequencies of VDR gene TaqI and ApaI polymorphisms, there was no statistically significant difference (p>0.05) between the osteoarthritis patients and the controls. In addition, there was also no statistically significant difference between the genotypes and clinical characteristics of the patients or controls. Conclusion: In conclusion, the results of the present study suggest that VDR gene TaqI and ApaI polymorphisms are not involved in the development of osteoarthritis in the studied Turkish population

The Evaluation of Hydroxyethyl Starch (6% HES 130/0.4) Solution’s Potential Preventive Effects on Coagulation Status in Women with Gynecologic Malignancies Using Rotation Thromboelastography

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of in vitro hemodilution with 6% hydroxyethyl starch (HES) 130/0.4 solution on the coagulation status of women with gynecologic malignancies by using rotation thromboelastogram (ROTEM®). METHODS: Twenty-two patients with gynecological tumors scheduled for anesthesia were enrolled. Blood samples were diluted by 20% with 6% HES (130/0.4) solution. RESULTS: In the INTEM assay, clotting time (CT) (p<0.01) and clot formation time (CFT) (p<0.001) were significantly increased and maximum maximum clot formation (MCF) (p< 0.001) was significantly decreased in HES hemodilution compared with the undiluted control samples. In the EXTEM assay, there was a similar significant increase in increase in CFT (p<0.01) and a decrease in maximum a decrease in MCF (p<0.01) in HES hemodilution when compared with control samples. CONCLUSION: HES 130/0.4 solution causes significant hypocoagulable changes in the thromboelastographic profile of gynecologic cancer patients in vitro

Vertebral Fracture in Postmenopausal Women with and without Osteoporosis

Objective: Osteoporosis (OP) is a major cause of disability, morbidity and mortaliy. Causes are significant economic burden with fractures. Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is the only technique that is defined as the gold standard that the World Health Organization currently recommends in determining the fracture risk. The use of direct radiographic examinations is recommended for the causes of false negative results in densitometric examination and for the detection of fracture presenting as OP indicator in clinical practice. The purpose of this study is a retrospective investigation of the need for DXA methodology, which we routinely use for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of OP, in patients with fractures by direct radiography. Materials and Methods: The data of 189 postmenopausal women with DXA, lateral thoracic and lumbar graphy without trauma history, retrospectively evaluated. Patients were divided into two groups according to DXA results, group 1 consisted 167 postmenopausal women with OP and group 2 consisted 22 postmenopausal women with no OP. In both groups, patients who have at least one fracture according to thoracic and lumbar graphy were evaluated. Results: At least one vertebrae height loss was detected in 61 (32.28%) of 189 postmenopausal women included in the study. At least one fracture was detected in 49 (29.34%) of 167 patients with OP according to DXA results and 12 (54.55%) of 22 patients without OP. Conclusion: With this study; retrospectively demonstrated the need for follow-up of patients with fractures by direct radiography in conjunction with DXA, the gold standard for OP diagnosis and treatment planning in postmenopausal women