SARS-CoV-2 and Other Coronaviruses in Terms of One Health Concept

Aralık 2019 tarihi, 21. yüzyıl insanının aklına bile getiremediği bir olayın başlangıcı olmuştur. İnsanlarda ciddi akut solunum sendromu tarzında ortaya çıkan ve SARS-CoV-2 olarak adlandırılan yeni bir coronavirusun neden olduğu son pandemi, tüm ülkelerdeki sağlık sistemi ve ekonomi üzerinde büyük bir etkiye sahip olmakla kalmamış, aynı zamanda alışkanlıkların ve yaşam tarzlarının değişmesine de yol açmıştır. Tarım, hayvancılık, madencilik gibi faaliyetlerde kontrolsüz şekilde aşırıya gidilmesi doğayı tahrip etmekle kalmamakta, insanın hayvanlarla temasını da artırmaktadır. Bu durum insan ve hayvanlarda yeni enfeksiyonların ortaya çıkmasına neden olmaktadır. Bu bağlamda tek sağlık yaklaşımının benimsenmesi ve tüm dünyaya yaygınlaştırılmasının bu sorunu çözeceği düşünülmektedir. Yani; insan sağlığının çevrenin, vahşi ve evcil hayvanların sağlığına bağlı olduğunu unutmamak gerekliliği önemli bir unsurdur. Bu derlemede tek sağlık kavramı açısından günümüzdeki pandeminin etkeni olan SARS-CoV-2 ve hayvanlarda gözlenen coronaviruslar arasındaki ilişkiye dikkat çekilmiştir.December 2019 was the beginning ofan event that 21st century people could not even think of. The last pandemiccaused by a new coronavirus called SARS-CoV-2, which appeared in the form ofsevere acute respiratory syndrome in humans, not only had a great impact on thehealth system and economy in all countries, but also led to changes in habitsand lifestyles. Uncontrolled and excessive behaviors in activities such asagriculture, animal husbandry and mining not only destroy nature but alsoincrease human contact with animals. This situation leads to the emergence ofnew infections. It is thought that the single health approach and itswidespread use will solve this problem. In other words, it is important toremember that human health depends on the health of the environment, wild anddomestic animals. In this review, attention was drawn to the relationshipbetween SARS-CoV-2, which is the cause of today\u27s pandemic, and thecoronaviruses of animals

The Effect of Different Zinc Application Methods on Yield and Grain Zinc Concentration of Bread Wheat Varieties

This study was carried out to elucidate the impacts of zinc (Zn) treatments on growth, development, quality and yield of commonly sown bread wheat cultivars under field conditions of Çukurova Region. Three different bread wheat cultivars (Adana-99, Ceyhan-99 and Pandas) were experimented in randomized complete blocks-split plots experimental design with 3 replications. Field experiments were performed by two different Zn application methods; via soil and via soil+foliage. In the both trials, 0, 5, 10, 20, 30, and 40 kg ha-1 pure Zn doses were applied to the soil. 0.4% ZnSO4.7H2O solution was used for foliar Zn applications. Current findings revealed that Zn treatments had significant effects on grain yield, grain Zn concentration, grain phosphorus (P) concentration and thousand grain weight of bread wheat cultivars, but significant effects were not observed on grain protein concentrations. Soil+foliar Zn treatments were more effective in improving grain Zn concentrations. It was concluded that 10- 20 kg ha-1 Zn treatment was quite effective on grain Zn concentrations

Vaccination Status and Outcome of Hospitalized Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 Before and After the Spread of Omicron Variant: An Observational Study from İzmir, Turkey

OBJECTIVE: Despite the efforts in vaccination against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), breakthrough infections occur and the need for hospitalization continues. We aimed to determine the relationship between severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 vaccination and the severity of COVID-19 and mortality among hospitalized patients with COVID-19.MATERIAL AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted between September 2021 and February 2022 in a university hos- pital in Turkey. Hospitalized patients with COVID-19 (both in clinics and in intensive care units), ≥18 years old, and who had no previous COVID-19 were included in the study. The demographic characteristics, clinical data, vaccination status, and outcome of the patients were analyzed retrospectively and the relationship between vaccination status and mortality was determined statistically.RESULTS: Of the 674 patients, 180 (26.7%) had no vaccination, 282 (41.8%) had incomplete vaccination, and 212 (31.5%) were fully vaccinated according to the updated vaccination recommendations. While 44.0% of the patients were fully vaccinated before the occur- rence of omicron variant, 15.9% of the patients were fully vaccinated during the wave of the omicron variant. The patients with no vaccination were younger and had fewer comorbidities. The overall mortality was 31.8%. Under 50 years old, all the patients with fully vaccination survived and the patients with no vaccination or incomplete vaccination had higher (10.1%) mortality. During the omicron period, mortality was lower in fully vaccinated pateints.CONCLUSION: Immunization with and booster doses of BNT162b2 should be encouraged to protect both healthy and vulnerable populations.</p