Pancreatic remnant fate

There is eternal discussion on the best surgical method of pancreatoduodenectomy and reconstruction method. Several different methods of pancreatic stump anastomosis exist. The most popular argument taken into account in the discussion is the frequency of early postoperative complications. Relatively fewer papers analyse the late functional outcome of pancreatic surgery and the method of anastomosis employed. Authors presented short series of 12 patients after pancreatic surgery with analysis of pancreatic remnant morphology and function. Pancreatic remnant volume, pancreatic duct distension and stool elastase-1 test were analysed. There was no correlation of pancreatic exo- or endocrine insufficiency with the volume of pancreatic remnant or the kind of surgery or anastomosis performed

Od preparowania czterogruczołowego do technik małoinwazyjnych. Małoinwazyjna paratyroidektomia jako obecny standard chirurgii pierwotnej nadczynności przytarczyc

Complete surgical resection of hyperfunctioning parathyriod tissue is essential for the treatment of primary hyperparathyroidism. During recent years, minimally invasive surgery has been successfully applied in neck exploration, because of significant developments of guidance by intraoperative scans, the use of quick, intraoperative PTH assay, and also preoperative imaging procedures such as high resolution ultrasonography and sestamibi scintigraphy. The results of operations which are performed with minimally invasive techniques are comparable to those of conventional surgery, and provide advantages with regard to cosmetic result, length of hospitalisation, and reduced post-operative pain.Całkowite chirurgiczne usunięcie nadczynnej tkanki gruczołowej jest kluczowe dla leczenia pierwotnej nadczynności przytarczyc. Podczas ostatnich lat, techniki chirurgii małoinwazyjnej były z sukcesem wprowadzane do preparowania tkanek szyi. Było to możliwe dzięki opracowaniu śródoperacyjnych metod lokalizowania zmienionej tkanki, szybkim testom oznaczającym stężenie PTH w surowicy ,jak również doskonaleniu technik obrazowania przedoperacyjnego, takich jak ultrasonografia wysokiej rozdzielczości czy scyntygrafia z wykorzystaniem sestamibi. Wyniki operacji z wykorzystaniem technik małoinwazyjnych są porównywalne z wynikami technik konwencjonalnych oraz wiążą się z zaletami, takimi jak skrócony okres hospitalizacji, zmniejszenie bólu pooperacyjnego czy lepszy efekt kosmetyczny

Od preparowania czterogruczołowego do technik małoinwazyjnych. Małoinwazyjna paratyroidektomia jako obecny standard chirurgii pierwotnej nadczynności przytarczyc

Podczas ostatnich lat, techniki chirurgii małoinwazyjnej były z sukcesem wprowadzane do preparowania tkanek szyi. Było to możliwe dzięki opracowaniu śródoperacyjnych metod lokalizowania zmienionej tkanki, szybkim testom oznaczającym stężenie PTH w surowiczy, jak również doskonaleniu technik obrazowania przedoperacyjnego, takich jak ultrasonografia wysokiej rozdzielczości czy scyntygrafia z wykorzystaniem sestamibi. Wyniki operacji z wykorzystaniem technik małoinwazyjnych są porównywalne z wynikami technik konwencjonalnych oraz wiążą się z zaletami, takimi jak skrócony okres hospitalizacji, zmniejszenie bólu pooperacyjnego czy lepszy efekt kosmetyczny

General information on the European Project EUPOS

EUPOS (European Position Determination System) is a new European initiative of establishment of the multifunctional reference station system in Central and Eastern European countries. The Project EUPOS was initiated in 2002 by the Berlin Senate Department for Urban Development and European Academy of the Urban Development Berlin. The project consisted previously in establishment of multifunctional satellite reference stations in Central and Eastern Europe, but lately also some Asian countries request to join the EUPOS Project and to be admitted to EUPOS ISC as EUPOS members. Number of member countries is steadily increasing. In 2008 Moldova was intended to participate in the project and at the last conference in Tallinn in April 2009 at the EUPOS International Steering Committee Kazakhstan was admitted as the EUPOS country. So, EUPOS network will contain more than 1000 stations in the area of 19 European and Eurasian countries. Currently 19 following countries are the members of the EUPOS Project: Bosnia and Herzegovina Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Estonia, Germany, Hungary, Kazakhstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Macedonia, Moldova Montenegro, Poland, Romania, Russian Federation, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia and Ukraine. The number of planned stations in particular countries are given in attached table. One common project standard set is observed by all countries, however the project will include the existing or developed infrastructure in participating countries. Experiences of all participating countries in establishing and operating satellite systems will also be used. The system will be compatible with the German network SAPOS and in future will use as main signal the signal of the European system Galileo. The network of reference stations will provide services for both positioning of the geodetic control points and for navigation. Several levels of services of positioning accuracy will be offered

EUPOS - a new European inititive

EUPOS (European Position Determination System) is a new European initiative of establishment of the multifunctional reference station system in Central and Eastern countries as an international project to establish a uniform groun based GNSS augmentation system of multifunctional permanently operating reference stations creating a satellite positioning infrastructure in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE). The Project EUPOS was initiated by the Berlin Senate Department for Urban Development and European Academy of the Urban Development Berlin. The Project consists in establishment of about 800 multifunctional satellite reference stations in Central and Eastern Europe. Fifteen countries (Bulgaria, Czech republic, Estonia,Germany, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Macedonia, Poland, Romania, Russian Federation, Serbia &Montenegro, Slovakia, Slovenia and Ukraine) intend to participate in the project. On common project standard set wiil be observed by all countries, however the project will include the existing or developed infrastructure in participating countries. Experiences of all participating countries in establishing and operating satellite systems will also be used. The system will be compatible with the German network SAPOS and in future will use as main signal the signal of the European system Galileo. The network of reference stations will provide services for both positioning of the geodetic control points and for land, air and marine navigation. several levels of positioning acuracy will be offered. The participating countries decided to form a Steering Commitee. nine working conferences of the Steering Commitee were help up to now. The conferences were devoted to discussions on practical aspects of realisation of establishment of the network, the standards and possible sources of financial support realisation of the Project. EUPOS is a member of the International Comitee on Global Navigation Satellite Systems (ICG) and the Radio Technical Commision for Maritime Services Special Commitee 104 (RTCM SC 104). In August 2006 the Head Office of Geodesy and Cartography of Poland has signed with the Polish Ministry of Economy the agreement on financial support for establishment of EUPOS reference stations in Poland

Establishment of AASG/EUPOS - the Polish part of the European metwork of EUPOS reference stations

EUPOS (European Position Determination System) is a new European initiative of establishment of the multifunctional reference station system in Central and Eastern countries. The Project EUPOS was initiated by the Berlin Senate Department for Urban Development and European Academy of the Urban Development Berlin. The project consists in establishment of about 440 multifunctional satellite reference stations in Central and Eastern Europe. Fourteen countries (Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Estonia, Germany, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Macedonia, Poland, Romania, Russian Federation, Serbia & Montenegro, Slovakia and Slovenia) intend to participate in the project. One common project standard set will be observed by all countries, however the project will include the existing or developed infrastructure in participating countries. Experiences of all participating countries in establishing and operating satellite systems will also be used. The system will be compatible with the German network SAPOS and in future will use as main signal the signal of the European system Galileo. The network of reference stations will provide services for both positioning of the geodetic control points and for land, air and marine navigation. Several levels of positioning accuracy will be offered. The participating countries decided to form a Steering Committee. Eight working conferences of the Steering Committee were held up to now. The conferences were devoted to discussions on practical aspects of realisation of establishment of the network, the standards and possible sources of financial support for realisation of the Project. The project EUPOS was also presented at many international conferences and symposia.On 12 November 2003 the representatives of the EUPOS International Steering Committee have held consultations in Brussels with Galileo Joint Undertaking and the European Commission EuropeAid Co-operate Office. The objectives of consultations were to inform the EC about the Project EUPOS, its organisation, standards and services, links to the European Project Galileo and expected benefits for all participating countries. As positive aspects there were recognised short time (2,5-3 years) of realisation of the Project and the fact that the organisational structures of the project are already available. It was advised that the attempt could be made to request for financial support from different EU Programmes: ERDF for EU member countries (Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia), ISPA - for EU candidate countries (Bulgaria, Romania), CARDS - for West-Balkan countries (Macedonia, Serbia and Montenegro), TACIS - for the Russian Federation and INTERREG III C - for Germany (Coordinator of the Project). In August 2006 the Head Office of Geodesy and Cartography has signed with the Polish Ministry of Economy the agreement on financial support for establishment of EUPOS reference stations in Poland. The respective fund as given in the Project EUPOS was accepted and support will be given from structural ERDF EU programme. The detailed technical design of the network is already prepared. In order to cover the whole territory of Poland and to achieve the proper cross-border links there will be finally established 87 reference stations. According to the agreement the establishment of all stations should be concluded by September 2007. The tirst GPS receivers for some stations will be purchased in 2006