The Injuries to Oral Cavity During The Year of 1996 in Istanbul, Turkey

&nbsp;The Injuries to Oral Cavity During The Year of 1996 in Istanbul,Turkey&nbsp;</div

Knee muscle strength in multiple sclerosis: relationship with gait characteristics

[Purpose] To investigate the relationship between isokinetic knee muscle strength and kinematic, kinetic and spatiotemporal gait parameters of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). [Subjects and Methods] Twenty-nine MS patients (mean age 31.5±6.5) were investigated in this study. The isokinetic knee muscle strength and gait parameters of MS patients with moderate and severe disability, as determined by the expanded disability status scale (EDSS): EDSS=1–4.5 (n=22, moderate disability) and EDSS>4.5 (n=7, severe disability) were measured. [Results] Isokinetic knee muscle strength, kinematic, kinetic and spatiotemporal gait parameters differed between moderate (EDSS=1–4.5, n=22) and severe disability (EDSS>4.5, n=7). The correlation between each of gait speed, stride length, total range of knee joint movement and the four strength parameters (minimum and maximum quadriceps and hamstring muscle strengths) were significant for the MS group as a whole. Within subgroups, the correlation between minimum hamstring strength and total range of knee movement was significant only in group EDSS>4.5; minimum hamstring correlated with peak knee extensor moment in group EDSS=1–4.5, but at a reduced level of significance. [Conclusion] The present study revealed significant correlations between gait characteristics and isokinetic strength parameters of the quadriceps and hamstring muscles. Our study suggests that rehabilitation protocols for MS patients should include a critical strength training programme particularly for the hamstring and quadriceps muscles.PubMedWoSScopu

The anti-osteoporotic drug preferences of physiatrists: A multicenter descriptive study

Amaç: Bu çok merkezli tanımlayıcı araştırmanın amacı ülkemizdeki fiziatristlerin birincil ve ikincil osteoporozu olan hastalarda anti-osteoporotik ilaç tercihlerini saptamaktır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışma Türkiye’nin 10 ilinde yürütüldü. Osteoporoz tanısı; dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry kullanılarak Dünya Sağlık Örgütü kriterlerine göre konuldu. Omurga ve–veya kalçada T skoru ?-2,5 olan hastalar osteoporotik olarak kabul edildi. Çalışmaya 18 yaş üstünde birincil veya ikincil osteoporozu olan 714 hasta alındı. Hastaların sosyodemografik özelliklerinin yanı sıra olarak ikincil osteoporoza neden olan kronik ilaç kullanımı ve-veya ek sistemik hastalıkları sorgulandı ve hekimleri tarafından önerilen anti-osteoporotik ilaçları kaydedildi. Bulgular: Hem birincil hem de ikinci osteoporozu olan hastalarda hekimlerin öncelikli tedavi seçeneği olarak vitamin D ve kalsiyum kullandıkları, medikal tedavi seçenekleri içinde ise ilk tercihlerinin bifosfonat grubundan alendronat olduğu saptandı. Bunları birincil osteoporoz grubunda ibandronat, risedronat, stronsiyum ranelat, kalsitonin, zoledronat, raloksifen, paratiroid hormon (PTH) ve hormon replasman tedavisinin (HRT) izlediği, ikincil osteoporoz grubunda ise risedronat, ibandronat, kalsitonin, stronsiyum ranelat, zoledronat, PTH, HRT ve raloksifenin izlediği belirlendi. Sonuç: Hekimler hastanın kırık riskini, tıbbi öyküsünü, osteoporoz için uygulanan önceki tedavilerini, diğer hastalıklarını, tedavi kaynaklı riskleri ve yararları, finansal maliyet ve potansiyel yarar ilişkisini de göz önüne alarak hasta için en uygun tedaviyi seçmelidir. (Türk Os­te­opo­roz Dergisi 2012;18: 42-6)Aim: The purpose of this multicenter descriptive study is to determine the preferences of physiatrists in our country for anti-osteoporotic drugs in patients with primary and secondary osteoporosis. Materials and Methods: This study was carried out in 10 provinces of Turkey. The diagnosis of osteoporosis was based on World Health Organization criteria using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Patients with a spine and/or hip T-score &amp;#8804;-2.5 were considered as osteoporotic. 714 patients over 18 years old with primary or secondary osteoporosis were included in the study. In addition to socio-demographic characteristics and chronic use of medications and/or additional systemic diseases that cause secondary osteoporosis were questioned and antiosteoporotic drugs that are recommended by their physicians were recorded.Results: The physicians&amp;#8217; preferred vitamin D and calcium as the prior treatment both in primary and secondary osteoporosis. The most commonly used anti-osteoporotic agent was alendronate from the biphosphonate group. It was followed by ibandronate, risedronate, strontium ranelate, calcitonin, zoledronate, raloxifene, parathyroid hormone (PTH) and hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in the primary osteoporosis and risedronate, ibandronate, calcitonin, strontium ranelate, zoledronate, PTH, HRT and raloxifene in the secondary osteoporosis, respectively. Conclusion: The physician should choose the most suitable treatment for the patient based on fracture risk, medical history, previous treatments for osteoporosis, concomitant diseases, treatment-induced risks and benefits, and the relation between financial cost and potential benefit. (Turkish Journal of Osteoporosis 2012;18: 42-6

Postmenopozal Osteoporozda Klinik Risk Faktörlerinin Sıklığı

Amaç: Bu çalışmada postmenopozal kadınlarda osteoporoz ile ilişkilendirilen klinik risk faktörlerinin sıklığı belirlendi.Hastalar ve yöntemler: Bu kesitsel, gözlemsel, çokmerkezli çalışmada toplam 730 postmenopozal kadın osteoporozun klinik risk faktörleri açısından değerlendirildi. Değerlendirmede şu klinik risk faktörlerinin kaydedildiği standart bir sorgulama formu kullanıldı: ailesel ve kişisel kırık öyküsü, uzamış hareketsizlik, güneş maruziyeti, yaşam boyu hareketsiz yaşam biçimi, sigara kullanımı, çocukluk ve erişkinlik döneminde düşük kalsiyum alımı, aşırı kafein alımı, yüksek sodyum alımı, yetersiz protein alımı, gebelik sayısı, menopoz yaşı, prematür menopoz varlığı, primer ve sekonder amenore, tıbbi hastalıklar ve kronik reçeteli ilaç kullanımı.Bulgular: Osteoporoz açısından en sık rastlanan klinik risk faktörleri, yetersiz güneş maruziyeti (%53.3), mevcut hareketsiz yaşam biçimi (%52.9), erişkin (%45.1) ve çocukluk çağında (%41.9) düşük kalsiyum alımı ve ergenlik döneminde hareketsiz yaşam biçimi (%27.9) idi. Toplam 707 hasta (%96.5) birden fazla klinik risk faktörü tanımlarken, hastaların %74.3'ü sekonder osteoporoz açısından en az bir klinik risk faktörü bildirdi.Sonuç: Yeterli güneş maruziyeti, çocukluktan itibaren beslenmede yeterli kalsiyum alımı ve hareketli bir yaşam biçimi, postmenopozal kadınların osteoporozdan korunmasında rol oynayabilir. Buna ilave olarak, hekimler bu hasta grubundaki yüksek sekonder osteoporoz olasılığının farkında olmalıdırlar.Objectives: This study aims to identify the frequency of clinical risk factors associated with osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Patients and methods: In this cross-sectional, observational, multicenter study, a total of 730 postmenopausal women were assessed for risk factors associated with osteoporosis. The assessment included a standardized questionnaire which recorded the following clinical risk factors: family and personal histories of fractures, prolonged immobilization, sun exposure, lifelong sedentary lifestyle, smoking history, low calcium intake in childhood and adulthood, excessive caffeine intake, high sodium intake, inadequate protein intake, number of pregnancies, age at menopause, the presence of premature menopause, primary and secondary amenorrhea, medical conditions, and chronic use of prescription drugs. Results: The most frequent clinical risk factors for osteoporosis were inadequate sun exposure (53.3%), current sedentary lifestyle (52.9%), low calcium intake in adulthood (45.1%) and childhood (41.9%), and sedentary lifestyle in adolescence (27.9%). A total of 707 patients (96.5%) described more than one risk factor, while 74.3% of the patients reported one clinical risk factor at least for secondary osteoporosis. Conclusion: Adequate sun exposure and proper intake of dietary calcium beginning in childhood combined with lifelong daily physical activity may play a role in preventing osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. In addition, physicians should be aware of the high probability of secondary osteoporosis in this patient group