The Importance of Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen Expression in Carotid Body Paragangliomas

Objective:Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a transmembrane protein expressed in prostate cancer. It is, however, also expressed in the neovasculature of some non-prostatic solid tumors. Carotid body paragangliomas (CBPs) are highly vascular neoplasms. In this study, we aimed to investigate the possible role of PSMA expression in CBPs. There are no studies in the literature that report to have investigated the relationship between PSMA and CBPs.Methods:This study is a retrospective analysis of cases diagnosed with CBP based on their demographic, clinical, radiological, surgical and immunohistochemical findings. Immunohistochemical examination results of Ki-67, S100, synaptophysin, chromogranin were retrieved from patient files. Then, the paraffin blocks of CBPs specimens, stained by PSMA-antibody by immunohistochemical methods were examined histopathologically.Results:The number of patients operated on for CBP was 12 (four men and eight women). Ten out of 12 specimens were suitable for staining and histopathological examination. Capsular and/or vascular invasions of tumors were seen in complicated cases. Intratumoral vascular PSMA expression was seen in all specimens except one. Extratumoral vascular PSMA expression was not detected in any of the cases. Tumoral cell PSMA staining was seen in six of ten cases.Conclusion:We found higher intratumoral vascular expressions of PSMA nearly in all CBPs, but we could not assess the statistical significance because of the small number of specimens. These data might be a guide for future studies that are planned for either diagnostic or therapeutic approaches to CBPs

Leucemia mieloide aguda en un paciente geriátrico con antecedentes de enfermedad de cambios mínimos

Background: The increase in the incidence of malignancies globally, and the increase in the usage frequency and types of new anti-cancer drugs, have made onconephrology more important in our clinical practice. Paraneoplastic glomerulonephritis constitutes an important part of this approach as well. Purpose: The association of AML-nephrotic syndrome is relatively less defined in the literature compared to other hematological malignancies. Case presentation: In this article, we present a case of acute myelocytic leukemia in a patient who was diagnosed with minimal change disease many years ago. Discussion and Conclusion: Hematological malignancies-MCD association, is one of the best described examples of paraneoplastic glomerulonephritis. We know that cancer can be clinically diagnosed years after the detection of renal disease in paraneoplastic glomerulonephritis. In this case; rationality of follow-up, not only during the diagnosis of glomerulonephritis but also periodically in the long term, especially in clinical situations such as MCD that occur in geriatric patients, should be discussed.Introducción: El aumento en la incidencia de neoplasias malignas a nivel mundial, y el aumento en la frecuencia de uso y tipos de nuevos medicamentos contra el cáncer, han hecho que la onconefrología sea más importante en nuestra práctica clínica. Asimismo, la glomerulonefritis paraneoplásica también constituye una parte importante de este enfoque. Propósito: La asociación de LMA-síndrome nefrótico está relativamente menos definida en la literatura a comparación de otras neoplasias malignas hematológicas. Presentación del caso: En este artículo presentamos un caso de leucemia mielocítica aguda en un paciente al que se le diagnosticó enfermedad de cambios mínimos hace años. Discusión y Conclusión: La asociación de neoplasias hematológicas malignas-MCD, es uno de los ejemplos mejor descritos de glomerulonefritis paraneoplásica. Sabemos que el cáncer puede diagnosticarse clínicamente años después de la detección de la enfermedad renal en la glomerulonefritis paraneoplásica. En este caso, debe discutirse la racionalidad del seguimiento, no solo durante el diagnóstico de glomerulonefritis, sino también periódicamente a largo plazo especialmente en situaciones clínicas como la ECM que se presenta en pacientes geriátricos