Work and Heat Value of Bound Entanglement

Entanglement has recently been recognized as an energy resource which can outperform classical resources if decoherence is relatively low. Multi-atom entangled states can mutate irreversibly to so called bound entangled (BE) states under noise. Resource value of BE states in information applications has been under critical study and a few cases where they can be useful have been identified. We explore the energetic value of typical BE states. Maximal work extraction is determined in terms of ergotropy. Since the BE states are non-thermal, extracting heat from them is less obvious. We compare single and repeated interaction schemes to operationally define and harvest heat from BE states. BE and free entangled (FE) states are compared in terms of their ergotropy and maximal heat values. Distinct roles of distillability in work and heat values of FE and BE states are pointed out. Decoherence effects in dynamics of ergotropy and mutation of FE states into BE states are examined to clarify significance of the work value of BE states. Thermometry of distillability of entanglement using micromaser cavity is proposed.Comment: 22 pages, 10 figure

Seismic Analysis of Saturated Sand Deposits with Silt Layers

Liquefaction of saturated sands during earthquakes is known to be the cause of significant earthquake related damages, including loss of bearing capacity, lateral flow and spreading, slope failures. In recent earthquakes including the1999 Marmara Earthquake in Turkey, field observations have indicated that silt inclusions or silt layers in the sandy deposits can have significant effects on development of liquefaction. The objective of this work is to analytically study the behavior of saturated sand deposits with silt layers. For this purpose, a hypothetical soil profile in which silt layers exist has been selected. The selected profile was then modeled and analyzed using the LASS-IV code that has nonlinear effective stress analysis capability. As base motion, rock site recordings of the mentioned earthquakes were utilized. Furthermore, as part of this study, a parametric study has been conducted to further understand the effects of silt layers within sand deposits on the onset of liquefaction. The results of the analyses of various parameters such as depth of silt layer, the relative density of sand layer and maximum base acceleration were tabulated to summarize the effect of silt layers on the onset of liquefaction

A Comparative Morphometrical Study of the Pecten Oculi in Different Avian Species

In this study was investigated the structure of pecten oculi in the ostrich, duck, pigeon, turkey, and starling. The pecten oculi of the ostrich was vaned type and made up primary, secondary, and few tertiary lamellae. However, duck, pigeon, turkey and starling had a pleated-type pecten oculi which displayed folded structure. The numbers of pleats of the pectens were 12, 13-14, 21-22, and 17 in duck, pigeon, turkey, and starling, respectively. Light microscopic investigation demonstrated that pecten oculi is basically composed of numerous capillaries, large blood vessels, and pigment cells in all investigating avian species. Capillaries were 20.23, 14.34, 11.78, 12.58, and 12.78 μm in diameter in ostrich, duck, pigeon, turkey, and starling, respectively. The capillaries are surrounded by thick basal membrane, and pigmented cells were observed around the capillaries

Assessment of heavy metal and trace element levels in patients with telogen effluvium

Background: Despite a multitude of studies, etiology of primary chronic telogen effluvium (TE) remains incompletely understood. Essential heavy metals are associated with beneficial effects in humans as well as in other living organisms. However, they may lead to toxic effects when the exposure exceeds the higher tolerable limits. We wanted to assess the heavy metal and trace element levels in patients with chronic TE. Materials and Methods: A total of 40 subjects with chronic TE were included in the study, and 30 healthy women served as control. General and dermatological examinations were taken up in all individuals. Those patients with positive hair pull test were evaluated with the help of a trichogram. The presence of >20% telogen hair as documented by trichogram was a requirement for the study inclusion. UNICAM-929 spectrophotometry device was used for determining serum trace element and heavy metal concentrations. Results: In spite of an absence of significant differences in terms of average Zn concentration, weight, or height between patients and controls, significant differences were noted for Cd, Fe, Mg, Mn, Pb, Co, and Cu (P<0.05). Conclusion: Our results suggest that heavy metals may play a causative role in the development of chronic TE. However, contrary to previous reports, zinc did not appear to play an important etiological role, while these patients had elevated serum iron levels

Comparative QSTR Study Using Semi-Empirical and First Principle Methods Based Descriptors for Acute Toxicity of Diverse Organic Compounds to the Fathead Minnow

Abstract: Several quantum-mechanics-based descriptors were derived for a diverse set of 48 organic compounds using AM1, PM3, HF/6-31+G, and DFT-B3LYP/6-31+G (d) level of the theory. LC50 values of acute toxicity of the compounds were correlated to the fathead minnow and predicted using calculated descriptors by employing Comprehensive Descriptors for Structural and Statistical Analysis (CODESSA) program. The heuristic method, implemented in the CODESSA program for selecting the ‘best ’ regression model, was applied to a pre-selection of the most-representative descriptors by sequentially eliminating descriptors that did not satisfy a certain level of statistical criterion. First model, statistically, the most significant one has been drawn up with the help of DFT calculations in which the squared correlation coefficient R 2 is 0.85, and the squared cross-validation 2 correlation coefficient R CV is 0.79. Second model, which has been drawn up with the help of HF calculations, has its statistical quality very close to the DFT-based one and in this model value of R 2 2 is 0.84 and that of R CV is 0.78. Third and fourth models have been drawn up with the help of AM1 and PM3 calculations, respectively. The values of R 2 and 2 RCV in the third case are correspondingly 0.79 and 0.66, whereas in the fourth case they are 0.78 and 0.65 respectively. Results of this study clearly demonstrate that for the calculations o

Increased glutathione conjugate transport: a possible compensatory protection mechanism against oxidative stress in obesity?

Objective: To compare glutathione S-conjugate transport in obese and nonobese persons, and how glutathione S-conjugates are involved in the antioxidant status in obesity

Relation between radiographic BI-RADS scores and triple negativity in patients with ductal carcinomas

WOS: 000341257500060PubMed: 25232431The aim of this study was to investigate association of radiographic (BI-RADS 4 and 5) results and prognostic factors of invasive ductal carcinomas with their histopathological subtypes. A total of 103 patients histopathologically diagnosed with invasive ductal carcinoma of breast with in last five years period were enrolled. Of them, 69 patients who had radiological reports in were included from registry of Radiology Department; Duzce University Training and Research Hospital archives. BI-RADS scores (4 and 5) of radiological reports and subtypes of ductal carcinoma were compared. Of 69 cases, 12 of 22 cases with BIRADS 4 score were Triple negative (TN) while 5 of 47 cases with BIRADS 5 score were TN (p = 0.001). The patients with TN tumors were found to have lower average age, higher grade, higher Ki67 proliferative index and fewer lymph node metastasis than those with non-TN ductal carcinomas (p = 0.048; 0.019; 0.02; 0.048 respectively). Conclusions: Patients who had radiological BIRADS 4 score were significantly more frequent TN type carcinoma than BI-RADS 5. It is important to pay attention to this issue when clinicians evaluate patients with BI-RADS 4 score breast lesions