Comparative analysis of methods for assessing intake of minerals and macronutrients in collective diet of preschool children

Za pravilan fizički rast, intelektualni razvoj i sazrijevanje, u dječijem uzrastu, značajno je da hrana sadrži optimalno izbalansiran odnos makro i mikronutrimenata. Istraživanja u okviru ove disertacije obuhvatila su ispitivanje specifičnosti i osnovnih karakteristika ishrane djece predškolskog uzrasta, procjenu adekvatnosti sadržaja makronutrimenata, energetske vrijednosti i pojedinih mineralnih materija u kolektivnoj ishrani predškolske djece u Republici Srpskoj, utvrđivanje osnovnih parametara stanja uhranjenosti na odabranom, reprezentatovnom uzorku djece obuhvaćene kolektivnom ishranom i izbor optimalne metode za praćenje kvaliteta kolektivne ishrane predškolske djece. U istraživanju je učestvovalo 60 djece, uzrasta od 5 do 6 godina, koja su pohađala predškolsku ustanovu, vrtić „Radost” u Prijedoru. Antropometrijska mjerenja obuhvatila su mjerenje visine i težine. Utvrđeno je da nema statistički značajne razlike u visini i težini među polovima. U ispitivanoj populaciji nije bilo djece koja zaostaju u rastu, dok je 7% imalo prekomjerni rast. Procjena uhranjenosti izvršena je na osnovu indeksa tjelesne mase (BMI). Najviše ispitanika, 57% djevojčica i 63% dječaka imalo je normalnu tjelesnu težinu. Prekomjernu težinu imala je jedna šestina ispitanika, pri čemu su dječaci bili brojniji, ali nisu pronađene statistički značajne razlike među polovima. Dok je zastupljenost prekomjerne tjelesne mase slična, u kategoriji gojaznosti bilo je 14% devojčica i 19% dečaka. Ukupno 10% ispitanika bilo je neuhranjeno pri čemu su djevojčice zastupljenije. Anketa ishrane ukazala je na loše navike u ishrani djece. Svi ispitanici konzumiraju slatkiše, grickalice i zaslađene napitke, najviše njih bar jednom dnevno (65%), a od ovog broja čak polovina ispitanika konzumira ove proizvode više puta na dan, pri čemu nema statistički značajne razlike između dječaka i djevojčica. Ishranu pothranjenih karakteriše nedovoljan unos mesa...Food containing an optimal balance of macro and micro nutrients is of great significance for a child’s development, physical and intellectual growth. This study includes: examining specific and basic characteristics of nutrition for preschoolers, assessing the content adequacy of macro nutrients, energy value and individual minerals in collective nutrition for preschoolers in the Republic of Srpska, determining the basic parameters of nutritional status on a representative sample of children included in the collective nutritional programme and selecting an optimal method for monitoring the quality of collective nutrition for preschoolers. Sixty (60) children aged 5 to 6 from the preschool institution “Radost” in Prijedor are included in this dissertation. Anthropometric measurements such as weight and height are included. It is determined that there isn’t a statistically significant difference in height and weight between the sexes. Among the examined children, none of them had growth delay, but 7% of children had an excessive growth. Nutritional assessment was based on body mass index (BMI). The highest number of respondents, actually 57% of girls and 63% of boys had normal body mass. One-sixth of the respondents were overweight, particularly boys; however there was no statistically significant difference between the sexes. Overweight body mass was similar, although 14% of girls and 19% of boys were classified as obese. The total of 10% of respondents were undernourished, girls in particular. The questionnaire about nutrition indicates bad habits related to children’s nutrition. All respondents consume sweets, snacks and sweetened drinks at least once a day (65%) and half of the respondents consume these products several times a day; there is no statistically significant difference between boys and girls. The undernourished do not take enough meat. The assessment of adequate intake of nutrients is based on samples of daily meals gathered in 20 working days in the preschool by taking the meal portion of respondents using the “random” method. The average weight of a daily meal is 662 grams..

Comparative analysis of methods for assessing intake of minerals and macronutrients in collective diet of preschool children

Za pravilan fizički rast, intelektualni razvoj i sazrijevanje, u dječijem uzrastu, značajno je da hrana sadrži optimalno izbalansiran odnos makro i mikronutrimenata. Istraživanja u okviru ove disertacije obuhvatila su ispitivanje specifičnosti i osnovnih karakteristika ishrane djece predškolskog uzrasta, procjenu adekvatnosti sadržaja makronutrimenata, energetske vrijednosti i pojedinih mineralnih materija u kolektivnoj ishrani predškolske djece u Republici Srpskoj, utvrđivanje osnovnih parametara stanja uhranjenosti na odabranom, reprezentatovnom uzorku djece obuhvaćene kolektivnom ishranom i izbor optimalne metode za praćenje kvaliteta kolektivne ishrane predškolske djece. U istraživanju je učestvovalo 60 djece, uzrasta od 5 do 6 godina, koja su pohađala predškolsku ustanovu, vrtić „Radost” u Prijedoru. Antropometrijska mjerenja obuhvatila su mjerenje visine i težine. Utvrđeno je da nema statistički značajne razlike u visini i težini među polovima. U ispitivanoj populaciji nije bilo djece koja zaostaju u rastu, dok je 7% imalo prekomjerni rast. Procjena uhranjenosti izvršena je na osnovu indeksa tjelesne mase (BMI). Najviše ispitanika, 57% djevojčica i 63% dječaka imalo je normalnu tjelesnu težinu. Prekomjernu težinu imala je jedna šestina ispitanika, pri čemu su dječaci bili brojniji, ali nisu pronađene statistički značajne razlike među polovima. Dok je zastupljenost prekomjerne tjelesne mase slična, u kategoriji gojaznosti bilo je 14% devojčica i 19% dečaka. Ukupno 10% ispitanika bilo je neuhranjeno pri čemu su djevojčice zastupljenije. Anketa ishrane ukazala je na loše navike u ishrani djece. Svi ispitanici konzumiraju slatkiše, grickalice i zaslađene napitke, najviše njih bar jednom dnevno (65%), a od ovog broja čak polovina ispitanika konzumira ove proizvode više puta na dan, pri čemu nema statistički značajne razlike između dječaka i djevojčica. Ishranu pothranjenih karakteriše nedovoljan unos mesa...Food containing an optimal balance of macro and micro nutrients is of great significance for a child’s development, physical and intellectual growth. This study includes: examining specific and basic characteristics of nutrition for preschoolers, assessing the content adequacy of macro nutrients, energy value and individual minerals in collective nutrition for preschoolers in the Republic of Srpska, determining the basic parameters of nutritional status on a representative sample of children included in the collective nutritional programme and selecting an optimal method for monitoring the quality of collective nutrition for preschoolers. Sixty (60) children aged 5 to 6 from the preschool institution “Radost” in Prijedor are included in this dissertation. Anthropometric measurements such as weight and height are included. It is determined that there isn’t a statistically significant difference in height and weight between the sexes. Among the examined children, none of them had growth delay, but 7% of children had an excessive growth. Nutritional assessment was based on body mass index (BMI). The highest number of respondents, actually 57% of girls and 63% of boys had normal body mass. One-sixth of the respondents were overweight, particularly boys; however there was no statistically significant difference between the sexes. Overweight body mass was similar, although 14% of girls and 19% of boys were classified as obese. The total of 10% of respondents were undernourished, girls in particular. The questionnaire about nutrition indicates bad habits related to children’s nutrition. All respondents consume sweets, snacks and sweetened drinks at least once a day (65%) and half of the respondents consume these products several times a day; there is no statistically significant difference between boys and girls. The undernourished do not take enough meat. The assessment of adequate intake of nutrients is based on samples of daily meals gathered in 20 working days in the preschool by taking the meal portion of respondents using the “random” method. The average weight of a daily meal is 662 grams..

Quercetagetin 6,7,3',4'-tetramethyl ether: a new flavonol from Artemisia annua

Plant: Artemisia annua L. Source: South of Belgrade. A CHCl, extract of the whole plant yielded after chromatography a new polar flavonol, yellow crystals, mp 171-172 degrees, M+ m/e 374, C19H18O8. characterized by UV/VIS, the pattern of mass fragmentation, NMR. Methylation gave a hexamethyl ether identical in all respects (mmp, TLC, IR, NMR, UV, MS) to the known quercetagetin hexamethyl ether obtained from an authentic source

Serbia

Original scientific paper Abstract: The investigation included 5 stallions (average age of 10.40 years) and 33 mares (average age of 10.33 years) with pedigree of the English Thoroughbred horse breed that are used for breeding on the Stud Farm Ljubicevo – Serbia. The investigation of some significant properties relating to the exterior (at stallions) and reproductive ones (at mares) were carried out in the year 2009. The following average exterior (body) measures of the stallions: the body mass (474.80 kg), withers height (160.46 cm), trunk or body length (161.88 cm), breast circumference (187.96 cm) and tibia circumference (19.22 cm) were within the standards of this horse breed of the age. The gestation period at mares, regardless the sex of a colt, averagely lasted 337.70 days. With the mares having had a male colt, the gestation lasted a little bit longer (338.92 days) than with the mares having had female colts (336.90 days). The difference in the gestation duration (2.02 days) was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Between the age of the mares and the gestation duration (regardless the sex of a colt) it was found a positive slight correlation (rp=0.320). Furthermore, between the age of the mares and the gestation duration it was found medium (rp=0.453) correlation at male colts, and quite poor correlation (rp=0.202) at female colts. Found coefficients of the phenotype correlation were not statistically confirmed (P>0.05). Key words: English thoroughbred horse, exterior measures, gestation, correlation. 76 V. Djermanović et al

Prognostic significance of ZEB1 and LOXL2 gene expression in relation to lymph node ratio (LNR) and TNM stage in rectal cancer

EACR 2024: Innovative Cancer Science, 10-13 June, Rotterdam, Netherlands : Congress AbstractsEACR2024-107

Novel insight in thermo-oxidative kinetics of vitamin D-based supplement formulation using TG–DTG–DTA, ATR-FTIR and MALDI-MS techniques

This work provides detailed mechanistic analysis of thermo-oxidative degradation behavior of vitamin D3—Ca (CaCO3 form) solid state supplement formulation. Analytical techniques such Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier-transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy and Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-MS) were used for analysis of homogeneity of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) throughout excipients contained within solid dosage forms. Information gained from MALDI-MS experiments was used to improve and better understand interactions present, later clearly disclosed through kinetic modeling. It was found that process mechanism proceeds via two single-step unbranched reactions and two steps of consecutive reactions. Key features include vitamin D3 meltings and degradation via hydrogen abstraction followed by addition of oxygen forming 1-hydroxy-vitamin D3 and further through its dehydration to 1-keto-vitamin D3. Identified product 1-hydroxy-vitamin D3 is substantial for enhancing the immune response of human body in fight against respiratory viruses. Another two degradation products, namely pyrocalciferol and isopyrocalciferol, produced by thermal isomerization at higher temperatures, were also identified. These vitamin epimers have crucial role in functioning of immune cells. Degradation process of mineral structure occurs through water molecules removal, forming anhydrous polymorph of CaCO3, where formation of solid (CaO) and gaseous (CO2) products participates in kinetically stabilized additive-functionalized amorphous CaCO3 crystallization. Confirmation of correctness of proposed degradation mechanism was verified by modulated dynamic (MD) predictions. Information obtained is valuable and suitable for safety evaluations of given supplement, but also could be applied for solid state forms, which are generally sensitive to oxidative conditions. © 2023, Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, Hungary