Isoenzyme polymorphism of almond genotypes selected in the region of northern Serbia

Isoenzyme polymorphism was studied in 20 almond (Prunus dulcis [Mill.] D. A. Webb) genotypes selected from seedling populations of unknown almond cultivars in the region of northern Serbia (Vojvodina). Fourteen enzyme systems were studied using the method of vertical polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Ten systems were polymorphic in twelve loci. This polymorphism allowed unique identification of all studied genotypes. The most useful enzyme for analysis of almond genetic variability was menadione reductase. Polymorphism identified for alkaline phosphatase, formate dehydrogenase, glutamate dehydrogenase, malic enzyme, and menadione reductase was reported for the first time in almond. Cluster analysis was used to construct a dendrogram on which five clusters with different number of genotypes could be identified

Ispitivanje auto-(in)kompatibilnosti genotipova badema (Prunus amygdalus batsch) selekcionisanih na Slankamenačkom bregu

Due to the importance of obtaining almond cultivars adapted to the agroecological conditions of Serbia, in the period 2005-2006 pollen viability and self-(in)compatibility in 19 almond genotypes selected from the seedling population on Slankamen hill, were studied. All analyzed almond genotypes had good (50-70%) or high (over 70%) pollen germination. The study of self-(in)compatibility was done by monitoring of the fruit set in the field and observing self-pollen growth by fluorescence microscopy. Self-incompatibility was confirmed in all the 19 genotypes by both methods. Pollen tube penetration was stopped mostly at the upper third of the style of all genotypes, with characteristic irregularities.U cilju stvaranja sorti badema prilagođenih agro-ekološkim uslovima Srbije u periodu 2005.-2006. godine proučavana je klijavost polena i auto (in)kompatibilnost 19 genotipova badema odabranih iz populacije sejanaca na Slankamenačkom bregu. Svi ispitivani genotipovi badema imali su dobru (50-70- %) ili visoku klijavost polena (preko 70%). Ispitivanja auto (in)kompatibilnosti su obavljena praćenjem zametanja u poljskim uslovima i metodom fluorescentne mikroskopije. Auto inkompatibilnost je u oba slučaja bila izražena kod svih 19 genotipova. Kod svih genotipova polenove cevčice su zaustavljale rast najdalje u gornjoj trećini stubića uz karakteristične petlje, zadebljanja i krivudanja

Supplementary material for the article: Čolić, S. D.; Fotirić Akšić, M. M.; Lazarević, K. B.; Zec, G. N.; Gašić, U. M.; Dabić Zagorac, D. Č.; Natić, M. M. Fatty Acid and Phenolic Profiles of Almond Grown in Serbia. Food Chemistry 2017, 234, 455–463. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.05.006

Supplementary material for: [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.05.006 ]Related to published version: [http://cherry.chem.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2473]Related to accepted version: [http://cherry.chem.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3215

Sugar and Polyphenolic Diversity in Floral Nectar of Cherry

Cherries (Prunus avium L. and Prunus cerasus L.) are economically important fruit species in the temperate region. Both are entomophilous fruit species, thus need pollinators to give high yields. Since cherry’s flower is easy-to-reach, bees and other pollinators can smoothly collect nectar as a reward for doing transfer of pollen to receptive stigma. Nectar in cherry is usually attractive for insects, especially to honey bee (Apis mellifera) who is the most common pollinator. Nectar is predominantly an aqueous solution of sugars, proteins, and free amino acids among which sugars are the most dominant. Trace amounts of lipids, organic acids, iridoid glycosides, minerals, vitamins, alkaloids, plant hormones, non-protein amino, terpenoids, glucosinolates, and cardenolides can be found in nectar too. Cherry flower may secrete nectar for 2–4 days and, depending on the cultivar, produces up to 10 mg nectar with sugar concentration from 28% to 55%. Detailed chemical analysis of cherry nectar described in this chapter is focused on sugar and phenolic profile in sour cherry. The most abounded sugars in cherry nectar was fructose, glucose, and sucrose, while arabinose, rhamnose, maltose, isomaltose, trehalose, gentiobiose, turanose, panose, melezitose, maltotriose, isomaltotriose, as well as the sugar alcohols glycerol, erythritol, arabitol, galactitol, and mannitol are present as minor constituents. Regarding polyphenolics, rutin was the most abundant phenolic compound followed by naringenin and chrysin. Cherry cultivars showed different chemical composition of nectar which implies that its content is cultivar dependent

Supplementary data for the article: Čolić, S. D.; Bakić, I. V.; Dabić Zagorac, D. Č.; Natić, M. M.; Smailagić, A. T.; Pergal, M. V.; Pešić, M. B.; Milinčić, D. D.; Rabrenović, B. B.; Fotirić Akšić, M. M. Chemical Fingerprint and Kernel Quality Assessment in Different Grafting Combinations of Almond Under Stress Condition. Scientia Horticulturae 2021, 275, 109705. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2020.109705

Supplementary material for: [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2020.109705]Related to published version: [https://cherry.chem.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4081

The suitability of apricot for dried fruit production by the combined technology

The apricot is considered as one of the most delicious temperate fruit, a highly appreciated stone fruit and a valuable raw material for processing. The Republic of Serbia is one of the leading apricot producers in Southeast Europe, but the assortment is limited by a small number of cultivars harvested, mostly in the ripening season of “Magyar kajszi”. In order to introduce the most suitable cultivars in the production, having high yield and high quality for consumption and various forms of processing, introduced and domestic cultivars have been intensively studied. In Serbia, apricots are mostly marketed fresh and processed for jams and spirits, but demand for high-quality dried fruits is increasing. To preserve the nutritional and sensory quality of fresh apricots, choosing the best drying technique is significant, and the most preferred technique is the reduction of moisture through convective drying. The aim of the paper was to compare the potential of the apricot cultivars “Magyar kajszi”, “Novosadska rodna”, “NS-4” and “NS-6” for dried fruit production by two-phase technology – combined osmotic and convective drying, as well as the profitability of apricot drying on small family farms. Cultivars “NS-4” and “Novosadska rodna” were found to be suitable for combined drying technology. The highest score in the sensory evaluation of the dried apricots was given to “NS-4”, and then to “Novosadska rodna”. The results indicate that the combined osmotic and convective drying of apricot rather than selling fresh fruits can be a profitable and important added value tool for small family farms

Supplementary material for the article: Čolić, S. D.; Fotirić Akšić, M. M.; Lazarević, K. B.; Zec, G. N.; Gašić, U. M.; Dabić Zagorac, D. Č.; Natić, M. M. Fatty Acid and Phenolic Profiles of Almond Grown in Serbia. Food Chemistry 2017, 234, 455–463. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.05.006

Supplementary material for: [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.05.006 ]Related to published version: [http://cherry.chem.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2473]Related to accepted version: [http://cherry.chem.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3215

Performance of British Columbian red raspberry cultivars in the Belgrade region of Serbia and Montenegro

In a trial in Northern Serbia, six raspberry cultivars from the AAFC-PARC breeding program were tested against 'Wilamette', the leading raspberry cultivar grown in Serbia. These six included 'Chilcotin', 'Chilliwack', 'Comox', 'Haida', 'Nootka', and 'Skeena'. It was found that 'Comox' and 'Skeena' cultivars exhibit desirable pomological traits such as high fruit quality and low susceptibility to major diseases and pests. Based on the results from this trial, 'Comox' and 'Skeena' are recommended for further testing throughout the Belgrade region to determine the potential role of 'Comox' and 'Skeena' in the expansion of red raspberry production in the region

Rootstock and interstock influence on vigor, fruit and leaf properties of sour cherry cultivars

The paper presents how different rootstocks and the 'Oblacinska' sour cherry as an interstock affect the vigor, fruit and leaf properties in different sour cherry cultivars. The trial included four rootstocks (Mazzard seedling, Mahaleb seedling, 'Colt' and Mazzard seedling with 'Oblacinska' sour cherry as an interstock) grafted with four sour cherry cultivars ('Meteor Korai', 'Rexelle', 'Heimanns Konservenweichsel' and 'Kelleriis 14'). The variability of most properties, in addition to the genotype of cultivars, was very significantly influenced by rootstocks. Within studied cultivars 'Meteor Korai' had the highest, while 'Kelleriis 14' showed the lowest vigor. At the same time, cultivar 'Kelleriis 14' had the highest fruit weight and largest leaf area. When it comes to the influence of the rootstock, the highest average values of the majority of the studied traits were established on seedling rootstocks, slightly less on the clonal rootstock 'Colt', and the lowest on Mazzard seedling with 'Oblacinska' sour cherry as interstock

Kernel Characteristics of the Almond Genotypes Selected in Northern Serbia

This study was initiated to determine morphological and pomological traits, together with chemical compounds of kernels from 19 almond genotypes selected in the spontaneous seedling population in northern Serbia. The lowest variation was obtained for dry matter (CV=0.5%) and the highest for kernel weight (CV=18.4%). The overall mean values of pomological traits, contents of crude protein and mineral matter, showed significant differences between the genotypes. Genotype 25/03 had the lowest (0.69 g), whilst 28/03 had the highest kernel weight (1.29 g). The kernel/nut ratio ranged from 12.4 to 33.5%. The percentage of oil varied from 45.82 to 56.14% and most genotypes showed a high level of crude protein that varied from 20.94 to 26.85%. The most interesting for further studies were genotypes with kernel over 1 g: '29/03', '16/03', '28/03', '1/03', 'B/04', then genotypes '10/03', '11/03', and '17/03' with high kernel oil content (over 55%), as well as genotypes '18/03', '19/03', '22/03', having crude protein content of more than 25%