Conjugated polymer nanoparticles for biomedical applications including bioimaging and drug delivery

Ankara : The Department of Chemistry and the Graduate School of Engineering and Science of Bilkent Univ., 2013.Thesis (Master's) -- Bilkent University, 2013.Includes bibliographical references leaves 74-87.Ünal, ÖzlemM.S

Syndromic and non-syndomic cleft lip-palate: Differential features

Amaç: Dudak-damak yarığı (DDY) olan bireyler, doğumdan erişkinliğe kadar ki süreçte multidisipliner bir ekip tarafından uzun süreli takip ve tedaviye ihtiyaç duymaktadırlar. Kimi zaman DDY’li bireyler çeşitli sendromlarla ilişkilendirilmektedirler. Sendromik olan ve olmayan DDY’li olguların birbirlerinden ayırt edici özelliklerinin belirlenmesi, multidisipliner ekip elemanlarının bu olgular için doğru yönlendirme yapmalarına ve hem cerrahi hem de terapötik olarak doğru müdahalede bulunmalarına olanak sağlamaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, DDY’li bireylerde sendromlarla ilişkilendirilen sağlık sorunları, periferal bulgular, genel gelişim ve dil sorunları açısından sendromu olan ve olmayan DDY’li 2 grubu karşılaştırmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmanın katılımcıları dudak-damak yarığı, submuköz damak yarığı ve velofaringeal yetmezlik sorunlarından en az birini yaşayan 0-12 yaş arasındaki bireylerden oluşmaktadır. Katılımcılar, kraniyofasiyal sendromu olan (n=19) ve herhangi bir kraniyofasiyal sendromu olmayan (n=48) olgular olarak 2 gruba ayrılmıştır. Değerlendirmeler için DudakDamak Yarığı Değerlendirme Formu, Ankara Gelişim Tarama Envanteri (AGTE) ve Türkçe Erken Dil Gelişimi Testi kullanılmıştır. Toplanan veriler IBM SPSS 25.0 yazılımı kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular: Her 2 grup arasında oral-periferal özellikler, sistemik tıbbi sorunlar, dil gelişimi ve genel gelişim açısından istatistiksel farklılıklar bulunmuştur. AGTE sonuçları, özellikle motor gelişim alanlarında, tavan etkisi nedeniyle klinik gözlemlerle örtüşmeyen sonuçlar vermiştir. Sonuç: Sendromik olgularda sendromik olmayanlara göre; gelişim gerilikleri, dil bozuklukları, sistemik sağlık sorunları ve periferal malformasyonlar çok daha fazla gözlenmektedir. Bu sonuçlara göre DDY ile birlikte gözlenen sistemik ve periferik sorunların varlığında dil ve konuşma terapistlerinin sendrom şüphesi ile genetik yönlendirme yapmaları önerilmektedir.Objective: Management of cleft lip and palate, especially when it is associated with craniofacial syndromes, requires long term treatments, several follow ups and multidisciplinary approach. It is necessary to differentiate between syndromic and non-syndromic cleft palate for accurate referrals, realistic goals and right surgical or educational treatments. The aim of this study is to compare individuals with syndromic and non-syndromic cleft palate in terms of systemic health problems, peripheral malformations, developmental disorders and language disorders. The purpose is to draw attention of the speech and language pathologists to the symptoms may differentiate syndromic individuals with cleft lip and palate from non-syndromic ones. Material and Methods: The participants of the study consisted of individuals aged 0-12 years who experienced at least one of the problems of cleft palate, submucous cleft and velopharyngeal insufficiency. Participants divided into two groups; with syndrome (n=19) and without syndrome (n=48). Cleft Lip and Palate Assessment Form, Ankara Development Screening Inventory, Test of Early Language Development were used for the assessments. Statistical analysis was done by SPSS and Chi Square Test was used to compare the groups. Results: We found statistical differences between two groups in terms of systemic health problems, peripheral malformations, developmental disorders and language disorders. Conclusion: The health problems which are not related with cleft lip and palate directly but accompanying it must be assessed in details and these individuals must be referral to the genetic department

Benimle boşanır mısın?!: Boşanmanın hukuki sonuçları bakımından arabuluculuğun uygulanabilirliği

Arabuluculuk kurumuna ilişkin ülkemizdeki temel düzenleme, 07.06.2012 tarihinde kabul edilen 6325 sayılı Hukuk Uyuşmazlıklarında Arabuluculuk Kanunu’dur. HUAK md. 1/f.2 gereğince Kanun’un uygulama alanına, özel hukuk uyuşmazlıkları girdiğinden aile hukukundan kaynaklanan uyuşmazlıkların da arabuluculuk kurumu vasıtasıyla çözümlene-bilmesi mümkündür. Ancak kanun koyucu her özel hukuk uyuşmazlığında arabulucuya başvurmayı kabul etmemiş ve yalnızca tarafların üzerinde serbestçe tasarruf edebilecekleri uyuşmazlıklar bakımından arabuluculuğa gidilebileceğini belirterek bir sınırlamaya gitmiştir. Bu kapsamda çalışmamız-da boşanma davalarına ilişkin hangi anlaşmazlıkların arabuluculuk yoluyla çözümlenebilmesinin mümkün olduğuna ilişkin tespit ve değerlendirmelerde bulunulmaya çalışılacaktır.The basis of the provisions regarding Mediation is the code of Medi-ation in Legal Disputes (MLD), No:6325, adopted in 7th of June, 20212. Because according to the Art. 1/f.2 of MLD, Private Law is also involved, it is possible to resolve the disputes regarding Family Law via Mediation In-stitution. However, the Law Maker refused the applicability of Mediation in every case regarding the disputes in Private Law and put restrictions on the applicability of Mediation stating that the parties may apply for medi-ation only in terms of disputes on which they both may freely save. With-in this context, in our citation, we will try to determine and evaluate which types of disputes regarding divorce might be solved through Mediation

Effects of vapocoolant spray prior to SC LMWH injection: an experimental study

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of vapocoolant spray administration prior to subcutaneous (SC) low molecular weight heparin injection on local ecchymosis, hematoma, and pain. This randomized controlled study was carried out on 64 patients (n = 128 injections) in an orthopedics and traumatology clinic. After randomization, vapocoolant spray and then heparin injection was applied on one arm. The second necessary dose of heparin was applied to his or her other arm as a placebo by a water spray. Then, the pain of the patients was assessed. After 2 days, ecchymosis and hematoma were evaluated. Significant lower pain scores were determined in applications in which the vapocoolant spray was used. There was no statically significant difference between the mean diameter values of ecchymosis in both arm groups. There was no hematoma on the injection site after injections. However, this method did not create any significant reductive effect on ecchymosis. Nurses are advised to take advantage of vapocoolant spray effects prior to SC heparin injection

Antalya

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Intonation of Greek in contact with Turkish: A diachronic study

Asia Minor Greek (AMG) speakers cohabited with Turkish speakers for eight hundred years until the 1923 Lausanne Convention, which forced a two-way mass population exchange between Turkey and Greece and severed their everyday contact. We compare the intonation of the continuation rise tune in the speech of first-generation AMG speakers born in Turkey with three subsequent generations born in Greece. We examine how long contact effects in intonation persist after contact has ceased, through comparison of the f0 patterns in four generations of AMG speakers with those of their Athenian Greek- and Turkish-speaking contemporaries. The speech of the first-generation of AMG speakers exhibits two patterns in the f0 curve shape and time alignment of the continuation rises, one Athenian-like and one Turkish-like. Over subsequent generations use of the latter diminishes, while the Athenian pattern becomes more frequent, indicating intergenerational change.Academy of Athens ; Economic and Social Research Counci

H-Ras Oncogene Expression and Angiogenesis in Experimental Liver Cirrhosis

Background. Proto-oncogenes, particularly ras, may not only affect cell proliferation but also contribute to angiogenesis by influencing both proangiogenic and antiangiogenic mediators. The aim of this study was to investigate whether any relationship exists between ras expression and angiogenesis during diethylnitrosamine- (DEN-) induced experimental liver fibrosis. Materials and Methods. Liver cirrhosis was induced in rats by intraperitoneal injections of DEN. The animals were sacrificed 2 weeks after the last administrations and a hepatectomy was performed. Masson’s trichrome staining was used in the evaluation of the extent of liver fibrosis. The vascular density in portal and periportal areas was assessed by determining the count of CD34 labeled vessel sections. For quantitative evaluation of H-ras expression, in each section positive and negative cells were counted. Results. In fibrotic group H-ras expression was higher than that in nonfibrotic group and was more widespread in cirrhotic livers. Friedman’s test showed that there was a significant correlation between H-ras expression and VD (P<0.01). Conclusion. The results of this descriptive study reveal that H-ras expression gradually increases according to the severity of fibrosis and strongly correlates with angiogenesis

Organic bulk heterojunction solar cells based on benzodithiophene and benzothiadiazole containing conjugated polymers

Organic photovoltaics (OPVs) or so-called organic solar cells particularly hold promise for manufacturing solar energy due to their advantages in low cost and production processes. In order to understand and improve the performance of OPVs, intense efforts have been dedicated around the world [1]. In particular, conjugated polymers are attractive for OPVs due to the π-conjugated systems in the polymer backbone which generates and transport the charge carriers [2]. Therefore, the design and synthesis of novel conjugated organic polymers play important role to obtain higher photovoltaic properties and improve the power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of the OPVs. For this purpose, benzodithiophene and benzothiadiazole containing monomers were independently synthesized, then polymerized via Stille cross-coupling reaction to obtain P1 and P2 polymers. Oxidation and reduction behavior of the polymers were studied by cyclic voltammetry. Measurements indicated that the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) levels were -5.25 eV for P1 and -5.38 eV for P2. The optical band gaps of P1 and P2 were calculated via UV-VIS-NIR spectroscopy as 1.54 eV and 1.64 eV, respectively. Bulk heterojunction solar cells were constructed with these polymers as the donor moieties together with PC71BM as the acceptor in the active layer. The current/voltage measurements showed that the highest PCEs of these photovoltaic devices were recorded as 2.52% for P1: PC71BM (1:4, w/w) in 2% DIO and 1.67% for P2: PC71BM (1:3, w/w) in 3% DIO solution

The paradox of students’ acceptance from different programs for tourism guidance postgraduate education

The Article 23 which takes place in Tourist Guide Profession Regulation states; “undergraduate, bachelor and master degree graduates of the department of Tourist Guide program and who is acquired with sufficient foreign language” opens a way to be approved for the profession. On the basis of Article 23, the aim of this study is to present a critical point of view concerning with the approvement of non-field students in Tourist Guide master degree program. A qualitative approach was preferred to evaluate the perspective of the chosen sample in accordance with the rights provided by respective regulation. Snowball sampling technique which one of the purposive sampling methods has been adopted. The data obtained by applying a semi-structured interview form upon tourism guide undergraduate and postgraduate students, academicians, and tourist guides, were subjected to descriptive analysis. The themes emerging within the scope of the opinions regarding Article 23 are: lack of education; inadequacy of education program; degeneration of profession; psychological effect on tourist guides; psychological effect on students of tourist guide department; deficiency of professional belongingness; professional insufficiency; effect on professional employment; criticism of postgraduate program; teaching academics; curriculum of education program; planning of curriculum content; postgraduate recruitment requirements; program improvement, and integration for students. While these themes present a macro perspective regarding the article in question, the themes also portray the opinions and recommendations related to postgraduate tourism guide education.Turist Rehberliği Mesleği Yönetmeliği’nde yer alan Madde 23 “üniversitelerin turist/turizm rehberliği bölümlerinin ön lisans, lisans veya yüksek lisans programlarından mezun olan ve yabancı dil yeterliliğine sahip bulunanlara” mesleğe kabul edilmenin yolunu açmaktadır. Bu maddeden yola çıkarak bu çalışmanın amacı yüksek lisans programlarına alan dışı öğrencilerin kabulüne ilişkin eleştirel bir bakış açısı sergilemektir. Söz konusu yönetmeliğin sunduğu haklar gereği seçilen örneklemin duruma ilişkin bakış açısını değerlendirmek üzere nitel araştırma yöntemi tercih edilmiştir. Amaçlı örnekleme yöntemlerinden kartopu örnekleme tekniği benimsenerek ve yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılarak turizm rehberliği lisans ve lisansüstü öğrencileri, turist/turizm rehberliği akademisyenleri ve turist rehberlerinden elde edilen veriler, betimsel analize tabi tutulmuştur. Madde 23’e yönelik görüşler kapsamında ortaya çıkan temalar şunlardır: eğitim eksikliği; eğitim programının yetersizliği; mesleki dejenerasyon; rehberlere yönelik psikolojik etki; rehberlik bölümü öğrencilerine yönelik psikolojik etkisi; mesleki aidiyet eksikliği; mesleki yetersizlik; meslek istihdamına etkisi; lisansüstü programına yönelik eleştiriler; eğitim veren akademisyenler; eğitim programı müfredatı; müfredat içerik planlama; lisansüstü alım koşulları; program iyileştirme ve öğrencilere yönelik entegrasyondur. Bu temalar, söz konusu maddeye ilişkin makro bakış açısı sunarken, lisansüstü rehberlik eğitimine ilişkin görüşler ve önerilerde tanımlanmıştır.No sponso