The effects of psychological resilience, self-efficacy and metacognition on cyberbullying among adolescents

Cyberbullying, which has become more widespread with individuals' increased use of technology, occurs when someone or a group of people intentionally harms by using technology. Millions of adolescents spend time in the online environment, yet little is known about the effects of psychological resilience, self-efficacy, and metacognition on the risk of cyberbullying. A total of 574 high school students were recruited and instructed on the Sociodemographic Questionnaire, Cyberbullying Scale (CBS), Child and Youth Psychological Resilience Scale (CYPRS), Self-Efficacy Questionnaire for Children (SEQ-C), and Metacognitions Questionnaire for Children and Adolescents (MCQ-C). A negative correlation was found between education level, the CYPRS, the SEQ-C and the CBS. All subtests of the MCQ-C was positively correlated with the CBS. Regression analysis revealed that CYPRS and the negative meta-worry subtest of the MCQ-C predict the CBS. Our study revealed the importance of psychological resilience and negative meta-worry in cyberbullying among adolescents. Strengthening psychological resilience may be a useful strategy for reducing the detrimental impacts of cyberbullying on adolescents. Metacognitive psychotherapy models that focus on negative meta-worry and improving psychological resilience by psychotherapeutic methods may be a useful strategy for reducing the detrimental impacts of cyberbullying on adolescents. Further longitudinal studies are required to foster the established association between these constructs

The Combined Contribution of Fear and Perceived Danger of COVID-19 and Metacognitions to Anxiety Levels during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Despite a wide base of research suggesting a major role for dysfunctional metacognitions in contributing to anxiety, their role in explaining psychological distress in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic remains unclear. In this study we investigated whether metacognitions would predict anxiety, while controlling for fear and perceived danger of COVID-19. A total of 862 individuals were included in this study. Participants completed sociodemographic questions, emotional state questions relating to COVID-19, the Metacognitions Questionnaire-30, and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7. Results showed that both negative beliefs about thoughts concerning uncontrollability and danger, and cognitive self-consciousness were significant predictors of anxiety beyond the fear and perceived danger of COVID-19. Future studies involving clinical populations are needed to investigate the longer-term impact of metacognitions in the maintenance and exacerbation of anxiety associated with the fear and perceived danger of COVID-19

Survival results according to Oncotype Dx recurrence score in patients with hormone receptor positive HER-2 negative early-stage breast cancer: first multicenter Oncotype Dx recurrence score survival data of Turkey

BackgroundThe Oncotype Dx recurrence score (ODx-RS) guides the adjuvant chemotherapy decision-making process for patients with early-stage hormone receptor-positive, HER-2 receptor-negative breast cancer. This study aimed to evaluate survival and its correlation with ODx-RS in pT1-2, N0-N1mic patients treated with adjuvant therapy based on tumor board decisions.Patients and methodsEstrogen-positive HER-2 negative early-stage breast cancer patients (pT1-2 N0, N1mic) with known ODx-RS, operated on between 2010 and 2014, were included in this study. The primary aim was to evaluate 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) rates according to ODX-RS.ResultsA total of 203 eligible patients were included in the study, with a median age of 48 (range 26-75) and median follow-up of 84 (range 23-138) months. ROC curve analysis for all patients revealed a recurrence cut-off age of 45 years, prompting evaluation by grouping patients as ≤45 years vs. >45 years. No significant difference in five-year DFS rates was observed between the endocrine-only (ET) and chemo-endocrine (CE) groups. However, among the ET group, DFS was higher in patients over 45 years compared to those aged ≤45 years. When stratifying by ODx-RS as 0-17 and ≥18, DFS was significantly higher in the former group within the ET group. However, such differences were not seen in the CE group. In the ET group, an ODx-RS ≥18 and menopausal status were identified as independent factors affecting survival, with only an ODx-RS ≥18 impacting DFS in patients aged ≤45 years. The ROC curve analysis for this subgroup found the ODx-RS cut-off to be 18.ConclusionThis first multicenter Oncotype Dx survival analysis in Turkey demonstrates the importance of Oncotype Dx recurrence score and age in determining treatment strategies for early-stage breast cancer patients. As a different aproach to the literature, our findings suggest that the addition of chemotherapy to endocrine therapy in young patients (≤45 years) with Oncotype Dx recurrence scores of ≥18 improves DFS

EXAMINING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EMOTION RECOGNITION ABILITY AND PREVENTIVE BEHAVIOURS RELATED TO THE COVID-19 OUTBREAK IN TURKISH SOCIETY

It has been shown that emotions such as fear and anger may play a role in preventive behavior of individuals during the COVID-19 outbreak. Correct interpretation of emotions can contribute to early treatment of disease spread measures. In addition, studies have focused on the negative effects of stress on emotion identification. In this study, we aimed to measure the emotion recognition ability during the pandemic and to examine the relationship between this skill and preventive behaviors related to the pandemic among healthy individuals. In total, 520 people participated in the study online. A sociodemographic data form, a personal information form with questions about COVID-19, and the Reading the Mind from The Eyes Test (RMET) were applied to the participants. The vast majority of the participants who participated in the study stated that they found COVID-19 as a dangerous disease, showed that they were worried about this disease and that they constantly avoid eating out and using public transportation due to COVID-19. However, it was found that those who can define neutral emotions better worry about the disease and take a more active role in preventive behaviors such as eating out and avoiding public places. It has been shown that individuals who are more effective with recognition of negative and neutral emotions during the outbreak are more active in risk-avoiding behaviors during COVID-19. Attempts to increase emotion recognition skills can be beneficial for both healthy individuals and people with mental illness in the early development of preventive behavior

Examining the Sociodemographic Variables and Social Networking Site Addiction among University Students in Sarajevo

Research into internet addiction has dramatically increased over the last decade. Therefore, studies on Social Networking Site (SNS) addiction are increasing day by day. It is acknowledged that problematic use of SNS may affect academic improvement; however, there are contradictory findings in the literature. To ascertain its effect on academic achievements and to reveal its associations with sociodemographic variables, this study aimed to examine the relationship between academic success, sociodemographic features, and SNSs use patterns among university students. A total of 275 individuals participated in the study. A sociodemographic data form and the Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS) were administered. The results revealed a statistically significant negative relationship between age and BSMAS total score, and grade point average (GPA) and relapse criterion of BSMAS. Findings are discussed in light of previous literature on SNS. Limitations and suggestions for future studies are indicated.</p