A Case, Who Applied with Autistic Symptoms, Diagnosed as Limbic Encephalitis

Childhood disintegrative disorder (CDD) is a neuropsychiatric syndrome characterized as autism spectrum disorder in DSM 5 which is described by regression in the areas of communication, social interaction skills and motor behavior that develop normally in the first years of life. Autoimmune limbic encephalitis occurs with clinical manifestations of limbic system involvement such as subacute memory malformation, various neuropsychiatric symptoms, behavioral disturbances, and temporal lobe seizures. In this paper; an 7-year-old girl who applied with CDD findings, and diagnosed with limbic encephalitis after physical examination with symptoms persisted after IVIG treatment, was reported. Although autistic symptoms due to limbic encephalitis may be rarely seen in the clinic, autistic symptoms that are particularly acute or subacute are important neurological diagnoses that should be kept in mind in the differential diagnosis of psychiatric patients

Adolescents with unexplained chest pain reported depression and impaired emotional and social functioning

AimChest pain is common in adolescence, but there are no established criteria for managing this problem, which is rarely associated with cardiac disease. This study addressed the gaps in the literature by evaluating psychosocial factors that could be associated with medically unexplained chest pain.MethodsWe consecutively selected 100 patients (68% girls) aged 13‐18 who were diagnosed with unexplained chest pain when they presented to the cardiology outpatient clinics of Tepecik Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey, between 30 September 2015 and 30 June 2018. The controls were 76 age‐ and sex‐matched adolescents (69% girls) aged 13‐18 who were undergoing routine cardiology assessments before joining sports clubs. We assessed their health‐related quality of life and any depression and physical symptoms.ResultsRegression analysis showed some adolescents were a number of times more likely to report chest pain. These included those who reported boredom (4.1 times), felt stressed or anxious (2.2) and those who experienced sleep disturbance (2.6), co‐morbid headaches (2.0), back pain (3.1) and impaired social functioning (1.2).ConclusionThe results indicated a significant association between unexplained chest pain and physical symptoms, depression and impaired emotional and social functioning. These factors warrant further evaluation.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/156129/2/apa15144.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/156129/1/apa15144_am.pd

Parental psychological distress associated with COVID-19 outbreak: A large-scale multicenter survey from Turkey

Aims: Pandemics can cause substantial psychological distress; however, we do not know the impact of the COVID-19 related lockdown and mental health burden on the parents of school age children. We aimed to comparatively examine the COVID-19 related the stress and psychological burden of the parents with different occupational, locational, and mental health status related backgrounds. Methods: A large-scale multicenter online survey was completed by the parents (n = 3,278) of children aged 6 to 18 years, parents with different occupational (health care workers—HCW [18.2%] vs. others), geographical (İstanbul [38.2%] vs. others), and psychiatric (child with a mental disorder [37.8%]) backgrounds. Results: Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that being a HCW parent (odds ratio 1.79, p <.001), a mother (odds ratio 1.67, p <.001), and a younger parent (odds ratio 0.98, p =.012); living with an adult with a chronic physical illness (odds ratio 1.38, p <.001), having an acquaintance diagnosed with COVID-19 (odds ratio 1.22, p =.043), positive psychiatric history (odds ratio 1.29, p <.001), and living with a child with moderate or high emotional distress (odds ratio 1.29, p <.001; vs. odds ratio 2.61, p <.001) were independently associated with significant parental distress. Conclusions: Parents report significant psychological distress associated with COVID-19 pandemic and further research is needed to investigate its wider impact including on the whole family unit. © The Author(s) 2020

A randomised controlled study evaluating the effects of triple p positive parenting program on anxiety level and mental health of children, who are between 8-12 years old with anxiety disorder, and their parents

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı Triple P Olumlu Anne-Babalık Eğitim Programı?nın çocuklarda Anksiyete Bozukluğu üzerine etkisi yanısıra, çocukların davranışsal ve duygusal sorunları, çocuklardaki anksiyete düzeyi, anksiyete bozukluğunun şiddeti ve çocukların psikososyal işlevselliği üzerine etkilerini değerlendirmektir. Triple P Olumlu Anne-Babalık Eğitim Programının Anksiyete Bozukluğu olan çocukların ebeveynlerinin, kendi anksiyete düzeyi ve ruh sağlığı üzerine olası etkilerini değerlendirmek de çalışmanın bir diğer amacıdır. Yöntem: Araştırma randomize kontrollü prospektif desende bir araştırmadır. Araştırmanın örneklemi Okul Çağı Çocukları için Duygulanım Bozuklukları ve Şizofreni Görüşme Çizelgesi-Şimdi ve Yaşam Boyu Versiyonu (ÇDŞG-ŞY) ile Anksiyete Bozukluğu tanısı konulmuş 74 çocuktan oluşmaktadır. Örneklemin eşit olarak iki gruba randomizasyonunu takiben olgu grubunun ebeveynleri 8 hafta boyunca Grup Triple P Olumlu Anne Baba Eğitim Programına katılırken, kontrol grubunun ebeveynleri katılmamıştır. İki grup eğitimden (girişimden) hemen önce ve eğitim (girişim) sonrasında sosyodemografik, duygusal ve davranışsal değişkenlerle karşılaştırılmıştır. Veriler, Sosyodemografik Veri Toplama Formu, Çocuklar için Genel Değerlendirme Ölçeği (ÇGDÖ), Klinik Global İzlenim Ölçeği-Hastalık Şiddeti (), Çocuklarda Anksiyete Tarama Ölçeği Ebeveyn ve Çocuk Formu (ÇATÖ), Güçler ve Güçlükler Anketi (GGA), Durumluk-Sürekli Kaygı Envanteri, Genel Sağlık Anketi?28 (GSA?28) kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Çalışmanın verileri Mann Whitney-U testi, Willcoxon işaretli sıralar testi, ki-kare analizi kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Çalışmada Triple-P Olumlu Anne-Babalık Eğitim Programı uygulamasının ardından olgu grubunda ÇGDÖ?de anlamlı artış (düzelme) (p&lt;0,001), KGİÖ-HŞ?de anlamlı düşme (p&lt;0,001) olduğu bulunmuştur. Ayrıca GGA akran ilişkisi ve duygusal problemler alt ölçekleri skorlarında ve toplam güçlük puanı skorunda anlamlı azalma saptanmıştır (p=0,02, p=0,001, p=0,008, sırasıyla). Triple P Eğitim Programının ardından çocukların anksiyete düzeyinin olgu grubunda hem ÇATÖ-çocuk formunda hem de ebeveyn formunda anlamlı olarak düştüğü belirlenmiştir (p&lt;0,001, p&lt;0,001, sırasıyla). Çocukların sosyal davranışları ile ebeveynlerin anksiyete düzeyi ve ebeveynlerin ruh sağlığı üzerine ise olgu grubu içinde program öncesi ve sonrası karşılaştırıldığında anlamlı gelişme saptanırken (p=0,06, p=0,001, p=0,015 sırasıyla), olgu ve kontrol grubu arasında eğitim sonrasında anlamlı fark bulunmamıştır (p=0,426, p=0,380, p=0,567, sırasıyla). Sonuç: Triple P Olumlu Anne babalık Eğitim Programının ülkemizde yaygınlaştırılmasına ve uygulanan diğer ülkelerde de Anksiyete Bozukluğu üzerine etkilerinin araştırılmasına gereksinim vardır. Çalışmanın sonuçları Triple P Olumlu Anne Babalık Eğitim Programının çocuklarda Anksiyete Bozukluğunun tedavisinde kullanılabileceğini düşündürmektedir; ancak bu konuda yapılacak başka çalışmalara da ihtiyaç vardır. Purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of Triple P Positive Parenting Programme on childhood anxiety disorders and to assess its effects on behavioral and emotional problems, general anxiety level, severity of the disorder and general psychosocial functioning. An additional aim is to evaluate potential effects of Triple-P on anxiety and psychological well-being of parents of children with anxiety disorders. Method: The study is a randomized controlled prospective in design. The sample of the study consisted of 74 children, aged between 8-12 years, diagnosed as having an anxiety disorder confirmed by Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School Age Children Present and Life-time Kiddie (K-SADS-PL). Following randomization into two equal groups, parents of the cases participated in Group Triple P Positive Parenting Programme for eight weeks where as the control group did not. The two groups were compared right before and after the implementation on rates of sociodemographic, emotional and behavioral variables. Data were collected by using a sociodemographic data form, State Trait Anxiety Inventory, General Health Questionnaire-28, Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders Parent and Child Forms, Children?s Global Assessment Scale and Clinical Global Impression-Severity. The study data were evaluated with Mann Whitney U, Willcoxon signed rank test, chi-square analysis. Findings: Significant reduction in peer relation, emotional problem subscale scores and total problem score of Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire were observed (p values, p=0,02, p=0,001, p=0,008, respectively). Children?s general anxiety level and anxiety disorder severity were significantly lower in the cases following Triple-P implementation (p values, p&lt;0,001, p&lt;0,001, respectively). Within group analysis displayed significant improvement in children?s social problems, parental anxiety and general well- being (p=0,06, p=0,001, p=0,015,respectively) where as between group analysis were not significantly different regarding these variables p values p=0,426, p=0,380, p=0,567, respectively). Conclusions: Becoming Triple P Positive Parenting Programme prevalant in our country and researching the effects of Triple P Positive Parenting Programme on anxiety disorder in the countries, where Triple P Positive Parenting Programme has already been implemented, are needed. Due to the results of our study we consider that Triple P Positive Parenting Programme can be useful in the treatment of children?s anxiety disorder but further more studies about Triple P on children?s anxiety disorders are needed

The neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-lymphocyte ratio in adolescent obsessive-compulsive disorder: Does comorbid anxiety disorder affect inflammatory response?

Recent adult etiologic studies indicated evidence linking increased inflammatory parameters with psychiatric disorders. The neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-lymphocyte ratio are easily obtainable clinical markers of inflammation and have been found to be increased in various medical and mental disorders. In this study, we aimed to investigate the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-lymphocyte ratio in adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Secondarily, the effect of comorbid anxiety disorder with OCD on the inflammatory response was investigated. Sixty drug-naive adolescents with OCD aged 12 to 18 years were enrolled in the patient group. Twenty-three of the OCD group had comorbid anxiety disorder (AD) and 37 had no co-morbidities. One hundred twenty-eight adolescents in the same age range with no psychiatric disorders were recruited as the healthy control group. The severity of OCD symptoms was evaluated using the Children's Yale Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale. There were statistically significant differences in the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, white blood cell, neutrophil, and platelet counts among the three groups, even after adjusting for age and sex. The adolescents with OCD and AD had the highest neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and white blood cell counts. A comorbid anxiety disorder diagnosis in addition to obsessive-compulsive disorder may increase the inflammatory response

Increased neutrophil-lymphocyte ratios in depressive adolescents is correlated with the severity of depression

We aimed to investigate the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-lymphocyte ratio in adolescents with major depression. Sixty-seven adolescents and 121 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. The diagnosis was made by using both the Kiddie and Young Adult Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia Present and Lifetime Version and the diagnostic criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fifth Edition. The severity of depressive symptoms was evaluated using the Beck depression inventory (BDI). The neutrophil-lymphocyte ratios of the adolescents with depression were significantly higher than those of the control group, even after adjusting for age, sex, BMI, and BDI scores, whereas there was no significant difference in platelet-lymphocyte ratios. A positive correlation between the severity of depression and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratios and platelet-lymphocyte ratios were determined in the case group. The results of this study may promote the hypothesis that inflammation plays an important role in the etiology of major depression in adolescents

Relation of emotion regulation and empathy skills with maternal emotion regulation and attachment in children diagnosed with ADHD

Objective: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common childhood neurodevelopmental disorder. Difficulties in the areas of emotion regulation and empathy were found in prior studies. Mother child attachment is important in the development of emotion regulation and empathy. We aimed to examine the relation emotional regulation and empathy skills in children with ADHD and emotion regulation and attachment properties in their mothers and to compare with healthy controls. Methods: The study group consisted of 61 children (8-12 years old) diagnosed with ADHD. The control group (87 children) comprised patients of other clinics at hospital and was matched for gender and age to the ADHD patients. The Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School Aged Children-Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL) was used to diagnose ADHD and allowed comorbidities. We evaluated disorder severity at the time of assessment using the DuPaul Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder Rating Scale. All patients were treatment-naive. Emotional Regulation Checklist (ERC) and KA-SI empathy scale were used to examine children emotional regulation and empathy. Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) was used to indicate maternal emotional dysregulation status and Experiences in Close Relationship Scale-II was used to evaluate attachment properties in mothers. Results: Children with ADHD had statistical significant lower scores in the areas of affective empathy, cognitive empathy, total empathy score and emotion regulation and cases had statistical significant higher scores in emotion lability. Mothers of children with ADHD had higher scores in anxious and avoidant attachment styles and all subscales of DERS. The correlation between, ADHD symptoms, KA-SI Empathy, ERC, Attachment Scale, and DERS was evaluated by Pearson's correlation analysis. Negative correlation was found between both attention deficit and hyperactivity scores of Du Paul scale and affective, cognitive empathy scores of KA-SI Emphatic Tendency Scale and emotion regulation scores of ERC; a positive correlation was determined between attention deficit and hyperactivity scores of Du Paul scale, mothers' anxious and avoidant attachment andDERS total scores, and emotional lability scores of ERC. Discussion: Mother-child attachment and maternal emotion regulation skills have important roles in the emotion regulation and empathy skills of children. Better understanding of neuropsychologic development process of attachment, empathy and emotion regulation skills and their relations with each other may contribute to the treatment of children with ADHD