Decreased Levels of G Protein-Coupled Estrogen Receptor in Bipolar Patients

Objectives: There is increasing evidence in the literature that estrogen and its receptors play an important role in the etiopathogenesis of bipolar disorder due to gender differences in the course, severity and peak periods of the disease. In this context, GPER, which is defined in the reproductive system as well as the nervous system, endocrine system and cardiovascular system, and mediates the neurological benefits of estradiol; It is important to better understand its role in this disease. Method: In this study, we aimed to compare serum GPER levels in euthymic bipolar disorder and healthy controls matched for age, sex and body mass index. Results: In this study, we found decreased serum GPER levels in both genders separately and in total in the patient groups compared to the control groups. Conclusion: Our results should be considered preliminary and should be repeated in more homogeneous groups with larger samples. In addition, we believe that further studies should be conducted on the therapeutic efficacy of G1 in depressive bipolar patients

Altered von Willebrand Factor and ADAMTS13 Levels in Children With Cirrhosis and Extrahepatic Portal Hypertension

Background/Aim: This study was concerned with whether vWF (von Willebrand factor) and a disintegrin and metalloprotease with a thrombospondin type 1 motif, member 13 (ADAMTS13) has altered in patients with cirrhosis and extrahepatic portal hypertension (EPH). We aimed to investigate changes to vWF and ADAMTS13 in children with cirrhosis and EPH. Patients and Methods: This study was conducted between January and October 2019 with both cirrhosis and EPH patients and with healthy volunteers. The von Willebrand factor antigen (vWF:Ag), von Willebrand Ristocetin cofactor (vWF:RCo), and ADAMTS13 antigen and activity were studied. Results: Twenty-eight children with cirrhosis, 16 children with EPH, and 20 healthy controls were included in the study. vWF:Ag and vWF:RCo levels were higher in patients with cirrhosis than in healthy controls (171.65 +/- 101.67 vs. 85.86 +/- 30.58, P<0.01 and 121.62 +/- 55.83 vs. 61.52 +/- 27.03, P<0.01, respectively). vWF:Ag and vWF:RCo levels were higher in patients with EPH than in healthy controls (133.93 +/- 80.13 vs. 85.86 +/- 30.58, P<0.01 and 103.18 +/- 58.55 vs. 61.52 +/- 27.03, P=0.02, respectively). The ADAMTS13 antigen and activity levels were lower in patients with cirrhosis than in healthy controls (0.58 +/- 0.23 vs. 0.97 +/- 0.15, P<0.01 and 49.91 +/- 22.43 vs. 86.51 +/- 22.07, P=0.02, respectively). The ADAMTS13 antigen and activity levels were lower in patients with EPH than in healthy controls (0.69 +/- 0.11 vs. 0.97 +/- 0.15, P=0.03; and 68.50 +/- 13.29 vs. 86.51 +/- 22.07, P=0.02, respectively). The increase in vWF and the decrease in ADAMTS13 were more pronounced in cirrhotic patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) than in non-AIH patients. Conclusions: While levels of vWF:Ag and vWF:RCo increased in children with cirrhosis and EPH, levels of the ADAMTS13 antigen and ADAMTS13 activity decreased. These alterations were more pronounced in patients with AIH-derived cirrhosis

The Effects of Short-Term Intensive Exercise on Levels of Liver Enzymes and Serum Lipids in Kick Boxing Athletes

Objective: In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the ef­fects of short-term intensive exercise on liver enzymes and serum lipid levels with kick boxing athletes. Methods: 23 voluntary athletes who were between the ages of 15-46 and who engaged in kick–boxing have tak­en place this study. Athletes were made to do 45 minutes of warming-up, breathing, and stretching and 50 minutes of technical and tactical practices and then they were made to do a training match, which is equal to a 2 min­utes 3 circuits (1 minute rest) kick-box match. In venous blood samples which were taken from athletes before and after training, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and gamma glutamine transpeptidase (GGT), enzyme activity and total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and triglycerides serum levels were analyzed via spectropho­tometric method in Beckman Coulter AU 5800 auto ana­lyzer. Body composition measurements of athletes were made with Tanita TBF 300 brand device, which works with bio-impedance analysis (BIA) system. Results: As a result of our study, statistically increases in serum ALT, AST, ALP and GGT enzyme activities and in serum total cholesterol, HDL-C and LDL-C levels were detected following short-term intensive exercise, but no significant difference was observed in TG levels after in­tensive exercise. Conclusion: The blows to the abdomen during kickbox­ing sports competitions result in increased liver enzymes and increased serum lipids may occur to meet energy de­mand of the body during exercise

The Effects of Short-Term Intensive Exercise on Levels of Liver Enzymes and Serum Lipids in Kick Boxing Athletes

Amaç: Bu çalışmada kick boks sporcularında kısa süreli yoğun egzersizin karaciğer enzimleri ve serum lipit dü- zeylerine olan etkisini araştırmak amaçlanmıştır. Yöntemler: Çalışmaya 15-46 yaş arası kick boks sporu ile uğraşan 23 gönüllü sporcu katılmıştır. Sporculara, 40 dakikalık ısınma, açma ve germe hareketleri, 50 dakikalık teknik ve taktik uygulamaları sonrasında 2 dakika süreyle 3 devreden (1 dk. dinlenme) oluşan kick boks müsabaka- sına eşdeğer bir antrenman maçı yaptırıldı. Sporculardan antrenman öncesi ve sonrasında alınan venöz kan ör- neklerinde aspartat aminotransferaz (AST), alanin amino transferaz (ALT), alkalen fosfataz (ALP) ve gama gluta- mil transferaz (GGT) enzim aktiviteleri ve total kolesterol, yüksek dansiteli lipoprotein-kolesterol (HDL-K), düşük dansiteli lipoprotein-kolesterol (LDL-K) ve trigliserit serum düzeyleri Beckman Coulter AU 5800 oto analizöründe spektrofotometrik yöntem ile analiz edildi. Sporcuların vücut kompozisyonu ölçümleri bioimpedans analiz (BİA) sistemi ile çalışan Tanita TBF 300 marka cihaz ile yapıldı. Bulgular: Çalışmamız sonucunda egzersiz sonrasında serum AST, ALT, ALP ve GGT enzim aktivitelerinde ve serum total kolesterol, HDL-K ve LDL- K düzeylerinde is- tatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir artış olduğu, TG seviyelerinde ise anlamlı bir fark oluşmadığı tespit edildi. Sonuç: Sonuç olarak kick boks sporunda antrenman ve müsabakalar esnasında karın bölgesine alınan darbele- rin, karaciğer enzim düzeylerinde yükselmelere neden olduğunu ve egzersize bağlı artan enerji ihtiyacını karşı- lamak için de serum lipit düzeylerinde bir yükselme oldu- ğunu söyleyebilirizObjective: In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the ef- fects of short-term intensive exercise on liver enzymes and serum lipid levels with kick boxing athletes. Methods: 23 voluntary athletes who were between the ages of 15-46 and who engaged in kickboxing have tak- en place this study. Athletes were made to do 45 minutes of warming-up, breathing, and stretching and 50 minutes of technical and tactical practices and then they were made to do a training match, which is equal to a 2 min- utes 3 circuits (1 minute rest) kick-box match. In venous blood samples which were taken from athletes before and after training, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and gamma glutamine transpeptidase (GGT), enzyme activity and total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and triglycerides serum levels were analyzed via spectropho- tometric method in Beckman Coulter AU 5800 auto ana- lyzer. Body composition measurements of athletes were made with Tanita TBF 300 brand device, which works with bio-impedance analysis (BIA) system. Results: As a result of our study, statistically increases in serum ALT, AST, ALP and GGT enzyme activities and in serum total cholesterol, HDL-C and LDL-C levels were detected following short-term intensive exercise, but no significant difference was observed in TG levels after in- tensive exercise. Conclusion: The blows to the abdomen during kickbox- ing sports competitions result in increased liver enzymes and increased serum lipids may occur to meet energy de- mand of the body during exercise

Effects of exercise on serum ischemia-modified albumin, brain natriuretic peptide and copeptin levels in boxers and kick boxers

Introduction: boxing and kick boxing are combat sports that can cause severe head, neck, face and hand injuries during fighting. Then, traumatic brain injury (TBI) incidence is high in these sports. Ischemia-modified albumin (IMA), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and copeptin have diagnostic and prognostic value for cardiac and non-cardiac ischemic events. The purpose of this study is to evaluate exercise-induced variations of serum IMA, BNP and copeptin. Methods: twenty male boxers, twenty-three male kick boxers and twenty-three age-matched male were enrolled in the study. Health assessment data were analysed. Boxers and kick boxers underwent an exercise program including training plus fighting matches. Serum samples were collected in the pre- and post-exercise periods. Serum MA, BNP and copeptin concentrations were measured in these specimens using ELISA reagents. Results: comparative analysis of analytes before and after exercise showed that exercise significantly increased serum IMA, BNP and copeptin levels both in boxers and kick boxers. Conclusion: in conclusion, IMA, BNP and copeptin levels may be candidate biomarkers for exercise-related traumatic brain injuries. The identification of new biomarkers in patients with acute and chronic neurological disorders is of considerable interest to clinicians. Then, further studies should be conducted to evaluate the possible role of IMA, BNP and copeptin in TBI pothophysiology.Scientific Research Projects Unit of Ataturk University [2013/65]This study was supported by Scientific Research Projects Unit of Ataturk University (2013/65). The authors would like to thank Caroline Jane Walker for English language editing of the article