The Effectiveness of Monetary and Fiscal Policy with Different Degrees of Goods and Financial Market Integration

Given the importance of economic integration and the concern for macroeconomic stabilisation, it is important to understand how increasing integration alters the effectiveness of government policy tools. This paper aims to determine how increasing goods and financial market integration changes the effectiveness of fiscal and monetary policy. Expansionary monetary and fiscal policies are analysed under different degrees of goods and financial market integration in a dynamic general equilibrium framework. Imperfect goods market integration is represented by the presence of pricing-to-market behaviour by firms and imperfect financial market integration is represented by agents facing adjustment costs to foreign asset stock changes. Simulations show that the effectiveness of fiscal and monetary policy change significantly depending on the presence of incompletely integrated goods and/or financial markets. While financial market integration increases the effectiveness of monetary policy, it diminishes the effectiveness of fiscal policy. Goods market integration increases the effectiveness of both monetary and fiscal policy.Policy effectiveness, pricing-to-market, goods market integration, financial market integration

Primary ovarian pregnancy: A case report and review of the literature

Ovarian pregnancy is the most common type of non-tubal ectopic pregnancy. The diagnostic criteria for ovarian pregnacy were described by Spiegelberg. We report a 31-year-old patient with secondary amenorrhea after a first trimester pregnancy termination. The patient underwent laparoscopic operation for the right ovarian cyst and the mass on the posterior surface of the uterus. Subsequently histopathologic examination of the Iaparoscopicaiiy extirpated cyst revealed an ovarian pregnancy.Ovarian gebelik en sık görülen non-tubal ektopik gebeliktir. Ovarian gebeliğin tanı kriterleri Spiegelberg tarafından tanımlanmıştır. 31 yaşında bayan hasta ilk trimester gebelik vonlanması sonrasında sekonder amenore ile kliniğimize başvurdu. Hastaya sağ överde mevcut olan sağ over kisti ve uterus arkasındaki lezyon için laparoskopi uygulandı. Laparoskopik olarak çıkarılan kistin histopatoiojik incelemesi ovarian gebelik olarak geldi

Geographical barriers to timely diagnosis of cystic fibrosis and anxiety level of parents during newborn screening in Turkey

Background Despite the availability of cystic fibrosis (CF) screening countrywide, diagnostic delay is still a crucial issue. The objectives of this study were to explore the stages of the NBS process, determine the risk factors associated with diagnostic delay and evaluate parent anxiety and experience throughout the process. Methods This is a multicenter cross-sectional study. A questionnaire was completed by parents of newborns diagnosed with CF via NBS in 17 centers. Socio-demographic characteristics, parent knowledge and experiences related to NBS, sweat test availability in the region of residence, and time to the definitive CF diagnosis were assessed through this questionnaire. Parents' anxiety levels were evaluated through the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory scales 1 and 2. Delayed diagnosis (DD) was defined as a definite CF diagnosis beyond the 8th week of life. Predictors of delayed CF diagnosis were evaluated by univariate and multivariate analysis. Results A total of 220 CF patients diagnosed via NBS were enrolled; 82 (37.3%) babies had DD. Multivariable analysis indicated that residence in the Southeast Anatolia region of Turkey (OR = 10.79, 95% CI = 2.37-49.2) was associated with a higher incidence of DD compared with other regions in Turkey. Of the total, 216 (98.1%) of the caregivers regarded the NBS program as useful and 180 (82%) reported high anxiety levels. Conclusion The organization of newborn screening should take into account regional and socio-cultural characteristics to improve the early diagnosis of CF and also reduce the anxiety level of parents

Clinical features and accompanying findings of Pseudo-Bartter Syndrome in cystic fibrosis

Background Pseudo-Bartter syndrome (PBS) is a rare complication of cystic fibrosis (CF) and there are limited data in the literature about it. We aimed to compare clinical features and accompanying findings of patients with PBS in a large patient population